Synthesis of Indoles via Intermolecular and Intramolecular Cyclization by Using Palladium-Based Catalysts
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As part of natural products or biologically active compounds, the synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles is becoming incredibly valuable. Palladium is a transition metal that is widely utilized as a catalyst to facilitate carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling; it is used in the synthesis of various heterocycles. This review includes the twelve years of successful indole synthesis using various palladium catalysts to establish carbon-carbon or carbon-nitrogen coupling, as well as the conditions that have been optimized.
2015 ◽
pp. 253-272
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2012 ◽
pp. 111-154
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2016 ◽
Vol 14
(38)
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pp. 8895-8910
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2016 ◽
Vol 74
(12)
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pp. 1172-1181