scholarly journals Influence of Pressure on Product Composition and Hydrogen Consumption in Hydrotreating of Gas Oil and Rapeseed Oil Blends over a NiMo Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1093
Author(s):  
Josef Blažek ◽  
Daria Toullis ◽  
Petr Straka ◽  
Martin Staš ◽  
Pavel Šimáček
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Cold Filter Plugging Point ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Petroleum Feedstock ◽  
Hydrogen Consumption ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity

This study describes the co-hydrotreating of mixtures of rapeseed oil (0–20 wt%) with a petroleum feedstock consisting of 90 wt% of straight run gas oil and 10 wt% of light cycle oil. The hydrotreating was carried out in a laboratory flow reactor using a sulfided NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst at a temperature of 345 °C, the pressure of 4.0 and 8.0 MPa, a weight hourly space velocity of 1.0 h−1 and hydrogen to feedstock ratio of 230 m3∙m−3. All the liquid products met the EU diesel fuel specifications for the sulfur content (<10 mg∙kg−1). The content of aromatics in the products was very low due to the high hydrogenation activity of the catalyst and the total conversion of the rapeseed oil into saturated hydrocarbons. The addition of a depressant did not affect the cold filter plugging point of the products. The larger content of n-C17 than n-C18 alkanes suggested that the hydrodecarboxylation and hydrodecarbonylation reactions were preferred over the hydrodeoxygenation of the rapeseed oil. The hydrogen consumption increased with increasing pressure and the hydrogen consumption for the rapeseed oil conversion was higher when compared to the hydrotreating of the petroleum feedstock.

scholarly journals Cleaner Fuel Production via Co-Processing of Vacuum Gas Oil with Rapeseed Oil Using a Novel NiW/Acid-Modified Phonolite Catalyst

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8497
Author(s):  
Jakub Frątczak ◽  
Nikita Sharkov ◽  
Hector De Paz Carmona ◽  
Zdeněk Tišler ◽  
Jose M. Hidalgo-Herrador
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Vacuum Gas Oil ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
High Investment

Clean biofuels are a helpful tool to comply with strict emission standards. The co-processing approach seems to be a compromise solution, allowing the processing of partially bio-based feedstock by utilizing existing units, overcoming the need for high investment in new infrastructures. We performed a model co-processing experiment using vacuum gas oil (VGO) mixed with different contents (0%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, and 100%) of rapeseed oil (RSO), utilizing a nickel–tungsten sulfide catalyst supported on acid-modified phonolite. The experiments were performed using a fixed-bed flow reactor at 420 °C, a hydrogen pressure of 18 MPa, and a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 3 h−1. Surprisingly, the catalyst stayed active despite rising oxygen levels in the feedstock. In the liquid products, the raw diesel (180–360 °C) and jet fuel (120–290 °C) fraction concentrations increased together with increasing RSO share in the feedstock. The sulfur content was lower than 200 ppm for all the products collected using feedstocks with an RSO share of up to 50%. However, for all the products gained from the feedstock with an RSO share of ≥50%, the sulfur level was above the threshold of 200 ppm. The catalyst shifted its functionality from hydrodesulfurization to (hydro)decarboxylation when there was a higher ratio of RSO than VGO content in the feedstock, which seems to be confirmed by gas analysis where increased CO2 content was found after the change to feedstocks containing 50% or more RSO. According to the results, NiW/acid-modified phonolite is a suitable catalyst for the processing of feedstocks with high triglyceride content.

Upgrading FCC Light Cycle Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Raluca Elena Dragomir ◽  
Paul Rosca ◽  
Traian Juganaru
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Industrial Catalyst ◽  
Liquid Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Catalyst Type ◽  
Cycle Oil

This paper presents options for increasing production of diesel fuel in a refinery by FCC light cycle oil (LCO) hydrotreating together with the straight run gas oil (SRGO). The experiments consist of hydrotreating mixtures of 10, 20% LCO and 90% and respectively 80% SRGO at 360, 380�C, two liquid hourly space velocity 0.9 h-1, 1.2 h-1, pressure 50 bar in the presence of two industrial catalyst type Co/Mo and NiMo. The research has focused on the influence of LCO/SRGO ratio, type of catalyst and hydrotreating conditions on diesel fuel quality compared with characteristics required by standard EN 590.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Reaction Conditions on the Properties of Products from Co-hydrotreating of Rapeseed Oil and Petroleum Middle Distillates

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 442
Author(s):  
Petr Straka ◽  
Josef Blažek ◽  
Daria Toullis ◽  
Tomáš Ihnát ◽  
Pavel Šimáček
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Total Conversion ◽  
Hydrogen Flow ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Middle Distillates ◽  
Al2o3 Catalyst

This study compares the hydrotreating of the mixture of petroleum middle distillates and the same mixture containing 20 wt % of rapeseed oil. We also study the effect of the temperature and the weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the co-hydrotreating of gas oil and rapeseed oil mixture. The hydrotreating is performed over a commercial hydrotreating Ni-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst at temperatures of ca. 320, 330, 340, and 350 °C with a WHSV of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 h−1 under a pressure of 4 MPa and at a constant hydrogen flow of 28 dm3·h−1. The total conversion of the rapeseed oil is achieved under all the tested reaction conditions. The content of the aromatic hydrocarbons in the products reached a minimum at the lowest reaction temperature and WHSV. The content of sulphur in the products did not exceed 10 mg∙kg−1 at the reaction temperature of 350 °C and a WHSV of 1.0 h−1 and WHSV of 0.5 h−1 regardless of the reaction temperature. Our results show that in the hydrotreating of the feedstock containing rapeseed oil, a large amount of hydrogen is consumed for the dearomatisation of the fossil part and the saturation of the double bonds in the rapeseed oil and its hydrodeoxygenation.

Effect of space velocity on the hydrocracking of Light Cycle Oil over a Pt–Pd/HY zeolite catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alazne Gutiérrez ◽  
José M. Arandes ◽  
Pedro Castaño ◽  
Martin Olazar ◽  
Astrid Barona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Cycle Oil

High quality diesel by hydrotreating of atmospheric gas oil/light cycle oil blends

Fuel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1381-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina C Laredo ◽  
Ricardo Saint-Martin ◽  
Maria C Martinez ◽  
Jesus Castillo ◽  
Jose L Cano
Keyword(s):  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Oil Blends ◽  
Cycle Oil

Adsorption of Nitrogen Contaminants in the Light Gas Oil (LGO) and Light Cycle Oil (LCO) to Produce Diesel with Low Sulfur

2015 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
M.A.G. Figueiredo ◽  
W.C. Souza ◽  
Harrison Corrêa ◽  
L.B. Ventura ◽  
H.L. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Nitrogenous Compounds ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel ◽  
Light Gas Oil ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Low Sulfur

Ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) is obtained by Light Gas Oil (LGO) and Light Cycle Oil (LCO) feedstocks (middle fractions from distillate petroleum). In addition to the environmental requirements related to the production of fuels with a lower content of nitrogen, technical specifications refineries also stimulate the need to remove such compounds. Nitrogenous compounds, for example, are strong inhibitors for hydrodesulfurization reactions. As Brazilian oil has a high amount of nitrogen compounds, an alternative process for nitrogen removal has been investigated, such as adsorption. In this paper, the nitrogen removal was investigated. The adsorption tests were carried out in a shaking water batchs, by performing kinetic and isotherm tests. Two commercial clays were used: Fuller's earth and bentonite.

Impact of processing different blends of heavy gas oil and light cycle oil in a mild hydrocracker unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh Chandak ◽  
Abraham George ◽  
Adel Hamadi ◽  
Menwa Dakhan ◽  
Abdulhamid Chaudhry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Cycle ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Light Cycle Oil ◽  
Heavy Gas Oil ◽  
Cycle Oil ◽  
Heavy Gas

Assessing the Catalytic Potential of 12-tungstophosphoric Acid Supported on MCM-41 for the Gas Phase Etherification of Alcohols

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1442-1448
Author(s):  
Song Il Kong ◽  
Anca Borcea ◽  
Vasile Matei ◽  
Dragos Ciuparu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Tungstophosphoric Acid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Mcm 41

The gas-phase etherification reaction of ethanol with tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) was investigated for the production of an oxygenated fuel additive. The reaction was carried out in a continuous flow reactor, in the presence of 12-tungstophosphoric acid (HPW) dispersed on MCM-41 as catalyst. We have studied the influence of temperature, ethanol:TBA mole ratio, and weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) on the TBA conversion and ETBE selectivity. The optimum operating conditions were found at 110oC temperature, 8:1 ethanol:TBA mole ratio in the feed, and 30% HPW loading on the catalyst. The highest ETBE yield values were obtained at 110 �C and WHSV of 46 h-1 and 42 h-1. The HPW/MCM-41 catalyst showed good activity and on-stream stability for the gas-phase synthesis of ETBE at 110oC, thus it is a promising catalyst for etherification reactions and, potentially, for other gas phase acid-catalyzed reactions.

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