In Vitro Response of Polyscias filicifolia (Araliaceae) Shoots to Elicitation with Alarmone–Diadenosine Triphosphate, Methyl Jasmonate, and Salicylic Acid

The effectiveness of different elicitation variants in combination with alarmone application was studied in shoot cultures of Polyscias filicifolia. The shoots were elicited with 200 µM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 50 µM salicylic acid (SA) alone or in combination, and their activity was compared with those treated with the alarmone diadenosine 5′,5‴-P1P3-triphosphate (Ap3A), either alone or in combination with SA and/or MeJA. All treatments resulted in significant stimulation of phenolic acid production (chlorogenic and ferulic acids), as well as oleanolic acid (OA) compared to control, with their highest concentration noted under simultaneous elicitation with SA and MeJA. While the maximum content of caffeic acid was detected after treatment with alarmone alone. In each of the culture variants enhanced antioxidant activity was observed, however the level varied according to the treatment. In addition, the SA, Ap3A and Ap3A+SA variants demonstrated additional peroxidase isoforms, as indicated by Native-PAGE, as well as the highest α-tocopherol content. The highest antioxidant capacity of shoot extracts was correlated with the highest abundance of phenolic compounds and OA. The results indicate that ROS induction appears to participate in the signal transduction following Ap3A treatment.

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Effect of Different Levels of Catalysts and Chemicals Primer on Content of Induced Callus Tissue of Cotyledon Leaves of Spilanthes Acmella Seedlings on Some Chemical Traits in Vitro

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/923/1/012010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 923 (1) ◽

pp. 012010

Author(s):

Ekhlas Meteab Ahmed Marir

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Methyl Jasmonate ◽

Casein Hydrolysate ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

Acid Methyl ◽

Engineering Sciences ◽

Spilanthes Acmella ◽

Total Carbohydrates ◽

Chemical Traits

Abstract This experiment was conducted in the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad for the period from September/2018 to July 2019. The induced callus from the cotyledon leaves of seedlings of the Spilanthes acmella plant was used in order to know the effect of chemical catalysts and Starmedium was added to Glutamine (250, 300, 350) mgters on the chemical content. After 4 weeks of planting, the primary callus was planted at 150 mg in the nutrient medium supplemented with auxin,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) 2.0 mg.L−1 and cytokinin Benzyl Adenine (BA) 0.5 mg.L−1 at constant concentrations in the first five medium, to which the catalyst was added salicylic acid at concentrations (25, 50, 75) μmol). The second medium was added to methyl jasmonate at concentrations (25, 50, 75 μmol) of the third medium was added to Casein hydrolysate at concentrations (25, 50, 75 μmol) of the fourth medium was added to Glutamine (250, 300, 350) mg. L−1. The results showed that the treatment of nutritional medium with high concentrations of stimulants and primer led to a significant increase in the content of plant tissues (the induced callus from the cotyledons) of total carbohydrates, the percentage of protein, the content of callus from the carotene pigment and content of proline, while the comparison treatment was the most effective in vegetable tissue contents of total carbohydrates and protein percentage and content of callus from the carotene pigment and proline, as well as this confirms that all treatments led to a positive and direct increase of chemical compounds content of plant tissues of chemical traits, especially in the treatment of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine, and phenylalanine (75 micromoles, 75 micromoles, 75 micromoles, 350 mg.L−1, 150 micromoles) respectively, were followed by the treatments of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine and phenylalanine (50 μmol, 50 μmol, 50 μmol, 300 mg.L−1, 100 μmol), respectively. The aim of this study is to know the effect of Salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, casein hydrolysate, glutamine, and phenylalanine in the induction and differentiation of callus of cotyledon leaves cotyledon leaves of Spilanthes acmella seedlings on some chemical traits in vitro.

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Effects of Salicylic Acid and Methyl Jasmonate Treatments on Flavonoid and Carotenoid Accumulation in the Juice Sacs of Satsuma Mandarin In Vitro

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10248916 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (24) ◽

pp. 8916

Author(s):

Risa Yamamoto ◽

Gang Ma ◽

Lancui Zhang ◽

Miki Hirai ◽

Masaki Yahata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Methyl Jasmonate ◽

Citrus Fruit ◽

Defense Responses ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Carotenoid Accumulation ◽

Satsuma Mandarin ◽

Meja Treatment ◽

Juice Sacs

Salicylic acid and jasmonic acid are two important plant hormones that trigger the plant defense responses and regulate the accumulation of bioactive compounds in plants. In the present study, the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation were investigated in the juice sacs of Satsuma mandarin in vitro. The results showed that SA treatment was effective to enhance the contents of eriocitrin, narirutin, poncirin, and β-cryptoxanthin in the juice sacs (p < 0.05). In contrast, the MeJA treatment inhibited flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation in the juice sacs (p < 0.05). Gene expression results showed that the changes of flavonoid and carotenoid contents in the SA and MeJA treatments were highly regulated at the transcriptional level. In addition, a transcriptional factor CitWRKY70 was identified in the microarray analysis, which was induced by the SA treatment, while suppressed by the MeJA treatment. In the SA and MeJA treatments, the change in the expression of CitWRKY70 was consistent with that of flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthetic key genes. These results indicated that CitWRKY70 might be involved in the regulation of flavonoid and carotenoid accumulation in response to SA and MeJA treatments in the juice sacs of citrus fruit.

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