scholarly journals Differences on Motor Competence in 4-Year-Old Boys and Girls Regarding the Quarter of Birth: Is There a Relative Age Effect?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Rubén Navarro-Patón ◽  
Víctor Arufe-Giráldez ◽  
Alberto Sanmiguel-Rodríguez ◽  
Marcos Mecías-Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Total Test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences on motor competence between boys and girls aged 4 years old and investigate the existence of Relative Age Effect on their motor competence. In total, 132 preschool children were evaluated, of whom 60 (45.50%) were girls and 72 (54.5%) were boys. The distribution of the participants was from quarter 1 [n = 28 (21.2%)], quarter 2 [n = 52 (39.4%)], quarter 3 [n = 24 (18.2%)], and quarter 4 [(n = 28 (21.2%)], respectively. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to collect the data. The data show the main effects on quarter of birth factor in manual dexterity (MD; p < 0.001), in aiming and catching (A&C; p < 0.001), in balance (Bal; p < 0.001) and in total test score (TTS; p < 0.001). There are also statistical differences on gender factor in MD (p < 0.001) and in TTS (p = 0.031). A significant effect was also found in the interaction between two factors (gender and quarter of birth) in MD (p < 0.001), A&C (p < 0.001), and Bal (p < 0.001). There are differences in all the variables studied according to the quarter of birth and only in manual dexterity and in the total score if compared according to gender (the scores are higher in girls).

scholarly journals Relative Age Effect on Motor Competence in Children Aged 4–5 Years

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Rubén Navarro-Patón ◽  
Marcos Mecías-Calvo ◽  
José Eugenio Rodríguez Fernández ◽  
Víctor Arufe-Giráldez
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
Total Test ◽  
Total Test Score

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a Relative Age Effect (RAE) exists in motor competence of preschool children. The hypothesis was that motor competence, assessed by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2), would be higher in preschool children born in the first quarter of the year compared to those who were born in the last quarter of the same year. A total of 360 preschool children were evaluated of whom 208 (57.8%) were boys and 152 (42.8%) were girls, with a mean age of 4.52 years old (± 0.50). The distribution of the participants was 172 children aged 4 years old and 188 aged 5 years old. The data showed a main effect on the age factor in the total score of aiming and catching (p < 0.001) and in the total test score (p < 0.001), in the quarter of birth factor in all the dimensions studied (i.e., total score of manual dexterity (p < 0.001); total score of aiming and catching (p = 0.001); total score of balance (p < 0.001); total test score (p < 0.001)) and in the interaction between both factors (i.e., total score of manual dexterity (p = 0.005); total score of aiming and catching (p = 0.002); total score of balance (p < 0.001); total test score (p < 0.001)). Age and quarter of birth produce a RAE in 4 and 5-year-old preschool children’s motor competence.

scholarly journals Gender Differences on Motor Competence in 5-Year-Old Preschool Children Regarding Relative Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3143
Author(s):  
Rubén Navarro-Patón ◽  
Joaquín Lago-Ballesteros ◽  
Víctor Arufe-Giráldez ◽  
Alberto Sanmiguel-Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Lago-Fuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Percentile Score ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
Total Test

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences on motor competence between 5-year-old boys and girls and to investigate the existence of Relative Age Effect (RAE) on their motor competence. A total of 232 preschool children were evaluated of whom 134 (57.8%) were boys and 98 (42.2%) were girls. The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to collect data. The data show a main effect on gender factor; there was a main effect in total score of manual dexterity (MD; p = 0.010), in total score of balance (Bal; p < 0.001), in total test score (TTS; p < 0.001), and in total percentile score (TPS, p < 0.001). In the semester of birth factor, there were differences in aiming and catching (A&C, p < 0.001), in Bal (p = 0.029) and in total percentile score (TPS, p = 0.010). Girls perform better in MD, Bal, TTS, and TPS than boys. Preschool children born in the first semester obtain, in general, a higher percentage and a higher percentile than their peers born in the second one. RAE is present in A&C, Bal, and TPS, with higher scores obtained by preschool children born in the first semester compared to those born in the second one.

scholarly journals Is It Possible to Reduce the Relative Age Effect through an Intervention on Motor Competence in Preschool Children?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 386
Author(s):  
Marcos Mecías-Calvo ◽  
Víctor Arufe-Giráldez ◽  
Miguel Cons-Ferreiro ◽  
Rubén Navarro-Patón
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Specific Intervention ◽  
Motor Competence ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Percentile Score ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Total Test

The purpose of the study was to find out whether a short 6-week intervention on motor competence can reduce the Relative Age Effect (RAE) of preschool children born in the first quarter, compared to those born in the fourth quarter of the same year. Seventy-six preschool children (5.20 ± 0.54 years) from Lugo (Spain) participated. A quasi-experimental pre-post-test design was used with an intervention group (n = 32) and a control group (n = 44). The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) was used to collect data before and after the intervention. The data show that, before the intervention, there are significant differences between the control and the intervention group in favor of the former (born in the first quarter of the year) in manual dexterity (p = 0.011), balance (p = 0.002), total test score (p = 0.008), and total percentile score (p = 0.010). After the application of the specific intervention, statistically significant differences were found in aiming and catching (p < 0.001), balance (p = 0.022), total test score (p = 0.001), and total percentile score (p < 0.001) in favor of the intervention group (born in the last quarter of the year). The results obtained suggest that the application of a specific intervention on MC could positively influence the improvement of MC in preschool children (boys and girls) and reduce the differences produced by the RAE.

The relative age and birth order effect in Japanese professional football

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110542
Author(s):  
Dai Yamamoto ◽  
Jun Takafuji ◽  
Tomoyuki Kato ◽  
Kazutake Kawai ◽  
Chihiro Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Football Player ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Training System ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Two Factors

This study examines how the probability of becoming a professional football player depends on the birth month (relative age effect) and birth order. These two factors are random and cannot be controlled by the athlete. If these factors influence the probability of the occurrence of top athletes, they not only create inequality but also close the disciplines to potentially talented athletes, lowering the level of competition. Therefore, in this study, we statistically clarified the presence or absence of “giftedness of life” by focusing on the birth month and birth order of professional football league players in the Japan Professional Football League (J-League). Our results indicate that the probability of the occurrence of J-League players decreases significantly with increasing birth order and birth month (180 days, from April onward). Moreover, we found that second-born players with an older brother had higher estimated salaries than players without siblings. These results reveal the characteristics of excellent football players and suggest the importance and direction of improvement in talent discovery and development in sports. Based on our results, we recommend improvements in the player training system to buffer the effects of relative age effect and birth order.

scholarly journals Relative age effect in physical attributes and motor fitness at different birth-month quartile

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Mat-Rasid ◽  
M.R. Abdullah ◽  
H Juahir ◽  
R.M. Musa ◽  
A.B.H.M. Maliki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Physical Attributes

scholarly journals The Influence of Relative Age Effects on the Cardiorespiratory Fitness Levels of Children Age 9 to 10 and 11 to 12 Years of Age

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Roberts ◽  
Lynne M. Boddy ◽  
Stuart J. Fairclough ◽  
Gareth Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Age Effects ◽  
Fitness Testing ◽  
Public Health Perspective ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
First Time

The aims of this study were firstly to examine whether there was an observed relative age effect in the cardiorespiratory fitness scores of 9-10 and 11-12 year old children, and secondly whether any observed effect was maintained after controlling for somatic maturity. Cardiorespiratory fitness data from 11,404 children aged 9-10 years and 3,911 children aged 11-12 years were obtained from a large cross-sectional field-based fitness testing program. A one-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant relative age effect (p < .01) existed in the 20mSRT scores across all the age groups. Furthermore, ANCOVA analyses identified a statistically significant relative age effect was maintained after controlling for somatic maturation (p < .05). From a public health perspective these results confirm the existence of relative age effects for the first time and consequently may hold implications for relatively younger children in the accurate assessment of their cardiorespiratory fitness scores.

scholarly journals Influential Factors on the Relative Age Effect in Alpine Ski Racing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0134744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Müller ◽  
Erich Müller ◽  
Carolin Hildebrandt ◽  
Elmar Kornexl ◽  
Christian Raschner
Keyword(s):  
Age Effect ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect

Are the World Junior Championship Finalists for Middle- and Long-Distance Events Currently Competing at International Level?

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Pizzuto ◽  
Matteo Bonato ◽  
Gialunca Vernillo ◽  
Antonio La Torre ◽  
Maria Francesca Piacentini
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
International Association ◽  
Age Effect ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Relative Age ◽  
Relative Age Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

Purpose:To analyze how many finalists of the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) World Junior Championships (WJCs) in the middle- and long-distance track events had dropped out from high-level competitions.Methods:Starting from 2002, the 8 male and the 8 female finalists in the middle- and long-distance events of 6 editions of the WJC were followed until 2015 to evaluate how many missed the IAAF rankings for 2 consecutive years starting from the year after WJC participation. For those still competing at elite level, their careers were monitored.Results:In 2015, 61% of the 2002, 54.8% of the 2004, 48.3% of the 2006, 37.5% of the 2008, 26.2% of the 2010, and 29% of the 2012 WJC finalists were not present in the IAAF rankings. Of the 368 athletes considered, 75 (20.4%) were able to achieve the IAAF top 10 in 2.4 ± 2.2 y. There is evidence of relationships between dropout and gender (P = .040), WJC edition (P = .000), and nationality (P = .010) and between the possibility to achieve the IAAF top 10 and dropout (P = .000), continent (P = .001), relative age effect (P = .000), and quartile of birth (P = .050).Conclusions:Even if 23 of the finalists won a medal at the Olympic Games or at the World Championships, it is still not clear if participation at the WJC is a prerequisite to success at a senior level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document