scholarly journals Effects of Laser Hardening Process Parameters on Hardness Profile of 4340 Steel Spline—An Experimental Approach

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Barka ◽  
Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi ◽  
Rachid Fakir ◽  
Patrick Thibeault ◽  
Vincent Blériot Feujofack Kemda
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Case Depth ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
Specific Geometry ◽  
Geometrical Factors ◽  
Splined Shaft

This study displays the effect of laser surface hardening parameters on the hardness profile (case depth) of a splined shaft made of AISI 4340 steel. The approach is mainly based on experimental tests wherein the hardness profile of laser hardened splines is acquired using micro-hardness measurements. These results are then evaluated with statistical analysis (ANOVA) to determine the principal effect and the contributions of each parameter in the laser hardening process. Using empirical correlations, the case depth of splined shaft at tip and root of spline’s teeth is also estimated and verified with measured data. The obtained results were then used to study the sensitivity of the measured case depths according to the evolution of laser process parameters and geometrical factors. The feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach lead to a reliable statistical model in which the hardness profile of the spline is estimated with respect to its specific geometry.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Laser Surface Transformation Hardening of 4340 Steel Spur Gears

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borki ◽  
El Ouafi ◽  
Chebak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Depth Variation ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
Surface Transformation

This paper presents an experimental investigation of laser surface transformation hardening (LSTH) of 4340 steel spur gears using regression analysis. The experimental work is focused on the effects of various LSTH parameters on the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth variation. The investigations are based on a structured design of experiments and improved statistical analysis tools. The experimentations are carried out on AISI 4340 steel spur gears using a commercial 3 kW Nd:YAG laser system. Laser power, scanning speed, and rotation speed are used as process parameters to evaluate the variation of the hardened depth and to identify the possible relationship between the process parameters and the hardened zone physical and geometrical characteristics. Based on the experimental data and analysis of variance, the direct and interactive contributions of the process parameters on the variation of the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth are analyzed. The main effects and the interaction effects are also evaluated. The results reveal that all the process parameters are relevant. The cumulative contribution of the three parameters in the hardened depth variation represents more than 80% with a clear predominance of laser power. The contribution of the interactions between the parameters represents 12% to 16%. The resulting hardness values are relatively similar for all the experimental tests with about 60 HRC. The evaluation of the produced regression models for hardened depth prediction shows limited performance suggesting that the predictive modeling process can be improved.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation and effects of laser hardening process parameters on microhardness of En24 steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
Santoshkumar V. Wagh ◽  
Dhananjay V. Bhatt ◽  
Jyoti V. Menghani ◽  
Sujit S. Pardeshi ◽  
Bhagyesh B. Deshmukh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Hardening Process

scholarly journals Effects of Prior Microstructure and Heating Rate on the Depth of Increased Hardness in Laser Hardening: Comparison of Computer Simulation and Experimental Results

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1016
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Mole ◽  
Marko Bojinović ◽  
Pino Koc ◽  
Boris Štok
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Eutectoid Steel ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Kinetics Of

The response of the hypo-eutectoid steel to laser hardening, which is measured as the depth of the increased hardness, depends not only on the set of the process parameters but also on the prior microstructure of the workpiece. The multiple preliminary stages of the treatment of the workpiece in the industrial conditions are commonly not completely known, resulting in an unclear prior microstructure of the workpiece. To model the response of the hypo-eutectoid steel, a validated numerical model for laser hardening has been used in the computer simulation of the process for four different cases. The numerical model takes into account the 3D geometry of the workpiece, its prior microstructure, and the effect of the heating rate during the laser hardening process on the kinetics of the phase transformation. The four cases were designed to take into account two different sets of process parameters and two different prior microstructures of the workpiece. The output of the computer simulation was verified experimentally.

Laser Hardening Process Parameters

1984 ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
K. Wissenbach ◽  
L. Bakowsky ◽  
H.-G. Treusch ◽  
G. Herziger
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Hardening Process
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