scholarly journals Orchid Extinction over the Last 150 Years in the Czech Republic

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Zuzana Štípková ◽  
Pavel Kindlmann
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Anacamptis Palustris ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Forest Habitats

Understanding temporal changes in the distribution and abundance of various species is one of the key goals of conservation biology. During recent decades, the abundance and distribution of many species of plants and animals have declined dramatically, mainly because of habitat loss and fragmentation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the rate of extinction of orchids at various sites in different 20-year time intervals over the last 150 years, determined according to changes in society. Using the dataset of the orchid records of the Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic, we determined the disappearance rate of orchids from sites using a grid of 1 × 1 km. We found that the vast majority of orchids disappeared from many of their historical localities in all time intervals analyzed. The number of sites suitable for Czech orchids declined by 8–92%, depending on the species. The most threatened orchid species in the Czech Republic are Spiranthes spiralis, Anacamptis palustris, Epipogium aphyllum and Goodyera repens. This all seems to be closely related with changes in agricultural practices in the open as well as in forest habitats. Preserving suitable orchid habitats seems to be the key for keeping Czech orchid flora alive.

Red List of Czech spiders: 3rd edition, adjusted according to evidence-based national conservation priorities

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Řezáč ◽  
Antonín Kůrka ◽  
Vlastimil Růžička ◽  
Petr Heneberg
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Red List ◽  
Conservation Priorities ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
Scale Field ◽  
Large Scale Field ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe knowledge on spiders of the Czech Republic has substantially improved since the second version of the national Red List was published, mainly due to large-scale field records and the establishment of an extensive, searchable electronic database of both retrospective and prospective records. Meanwhile, Central European spiders have undergone substantial changes in abundance and distribution. In this report, an updated Red List is presented and compared with the previous editions from 1992 and 2002, assessing all 879 spider species known to occur in the Czech Republic. For the first time, the abundance, area of occupancy and population trends were calculated for each of the species using the data from the Czech Arachnological Society recording scheme. Twenty-seven species (3% of the total) were classified as Regionally Extinct (RE), 92 (10%) as Critically Endangered, 115 (13%) as Endangered, 155 (18%) as Vulnerable, and 121 (14%) were classified as Least Concern species. Some species listed in the previous version of the Red List were found to live also in non-endangered habitats or to be more common than previously thought, and were thus removed from the list or reclassified to the lower Red List categories. Additionally, several species with dramatically decreasing abundance were identified, among them Ozyptila rauda, Agyneta equestris, Agyneta mollis, Kishidaia conspicua, Clubiona genevensis and Centromerus semiater. The results confirm that spiders are a highly threatened group of arthropods in the Czech Republic, and the updated Red List provides an important foundation for defining conservation priorities

scholarly journals Distribution of Orchids with Different Rooting Systems in the Czech Republic

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Zuzana Štípková ◽  
Spyros Tsiftsis ◽  
Pavel Kindlmann
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundance Distribution ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids

Understanding diversity patterns along altitudinal gradients and the effect of global change on abundance, distribution patterns and species survival are of the most discussed topics in biodiversity research. Here, we determined the associations of orchid species richness and the degree of their specialization to specific environmental conditions (expressed by species specialization index) with altitude in six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We distinguished three basic trends in these relationships: linear, parabolic and cubic. We then determined whether these trends differ between three orchid groups classified by their rooting systems: rhizomatous, intermediate and tuberous. We used distributional data on 69 species and subspecies of terrestrial orchids recorded in the Czech Republic and interpolated them at 100-m intervals along an altitudinal gradient in each floristic area. The trends in both species richness and mean species specialization index differed between the six floristic areas within each of the three orchid groups studied. These patterns are probably strongly influenced by the orography of the country and the distribution of different habitats in the six floristic areas in the Czech Republic. We also found that the most widely distributed orchid group in the Czech Republic are the rhizomatous orchids, followed by intermediate and tuberous ones.

The effect of urbanization on helminth communities in the Eurasian blackbird (Turdus merulaL.) from the eastern part of the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sitko ◽  
G. Zaleśny
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Forest Habitats

AbstractIn the present study we investigated two ecologically distinct populations ofT. merulafor the presence of helminths. We wished to determine whether urban populations of blackbirds had reduced helminth fauna compared to birds from forest habitats. Birds were caught in two ecologically distinct sites located in the eastern part of the Czech Republic. A total of 320 birds were examined. The first site was located in Prerov where the birds were obtained from a typical urban population, and the second site was Zahlinice, which constitutes a typical forest area. As a result of parasitological examination, 30 helminth species belonging to Digenea, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala were recorded from both sites: 29 species were found in the forested site and 15 in the urban site. The overall prevalence of infection was 93.1% and differed significantly between the sites (Zahlinice 97.2%, Prerov 85.1%). The mean species richness was almost three times higher in the forest population (3.37 ± 0.10) than in the urban one (1.78 ± 0.11). The clear qualitative and quantitative differences in the helminth community ofT. merulaobtained from two ecologically disparate localities show that urbanization leads to a significant reduction in the helminth fauna of a bird which is highly adapted to synanthropic habitats, while still remaining common in its original forest habitat.

scholarly journals The Efficiency and Public Transport Accessibility of Indirect State Administration in the Czech Republic

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Vrabková ◽  
Ivana Vaňková ◽  
Igor Ivan
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Security Costs ◽  
Administrative Tasks

Abstract This paper examines the efficiency and public transport accessibility of indirect (devolved) state administration performed by municipalities with extended powers (hereinafter MEPs) in the Czech Republic. Our aim is to evaluate the efficiency of the revenues made by municipalities with extended powers, through performing powers delegated to them by the state administration, and those municipalities’ public transport accessibility as of 31 December, 2014. The rate of efficiency is tested on an output-oriented Free Disposable Hull model. One input variable is selected - the operating expenses of the municipal offices recalculated per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district - and two output variables are selected: contribution to the performance of state administration, recalculated per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district, and revenues from administrative fees per inhabitant of the municipality’s administrative district. The municipality’s offices’ transport accessibility is evaluated via network analysis using ArcGIS software. The article investigates the hypothesis that public administration deconcentration practices logically result in higher security costs and therefore inefficiency. The results reveal that only 66 of the country’s 205 MEPs are efficient and that operating expenses and state contributions for the performance of state administrative tasks play a significant role in these results. Efficiency is less significantly influenced by administrative fee revenues. Public transport accessibility is analyzed for two time intervals - 6:00 to 8:00 am and 1:00 to 2:00 pm - on Tuesdays. The degree of accessibility is defined using a six-point scale of accessibility. The results show that the best accessibility is in the morning hours, when the offices are accessible for 68.8% of the population aged 15+ in the Czech Republic; the worst accessibility is in the afternoon hours when only 2% of the population aged 15+ can access the offices.

scholarly journals A new locality of orchid Orchis purpurea Huds. in Cieszyn Foothills (Czech Republic)

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Tomasz Beczała ◽  
Damian Chmura ◽  
Tomasz Jonderko
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Cephalanthera Damasonium

Abstract Orchis purpurea Huds. is protected species both in the Czech Republic and Poland. In 2014 a new locality was found in Kojkovice (district Třinec) in the Cieszyn Foothils near border with Poland. The only one blooming individual was observed in 2014 and 2015 but it was accompanied by other 6 orchid species, that were much more abundant, as: Orchis pallens, Orchis mascula subsp. signifera, Listera ovata, Platanthera bifolia, Cephalanthera damasonium, Neottia nidus-avis. The Kojkovice forest deserves to be protected area due to abundant occurrence of many orchids.

Social variation in size at birth and preterm delivery in the Czech Republic and Sweden, 1989-91

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koupilova ◽  
Vagero ◽  
Leon ◽  
Pikhart ◽  
Prikazsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Social Variation ◽  
Size At Birth

On Geropsychology in the Czech Republic

GeroPsych ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Hana Stepankova ◽  
Eva Jarolimova ◽  
Eva Dragomirecka ◽  
Irena Sobotkova ◽  
Lenka Sulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Rehabilitation Research

This work provides an overview of psychology of aging and old age in the Czech Republic. Historical roots as well as recent activities are listed including clinical practice, cognitive rehabilitation, research, and the teaching of geropsychology.

Contemporary Psychology in the Czech Republic

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Hoskovec ◽  
Josef M. Brožek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic
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