Remote Gait Type Classification System Using Markerless 2D Video

Several pathologies can alter the way people walk, i.e., their gait. Gait analysis can be used to detect such alterations and, therefore, help diagnose certain pathologies or assess people’s health and recovery. Simple vision-based systems have a considerable potential in this area, as they allow the capture of gait in unconstrained environments, such as at home or in a clinic, while the required computations can be done remotely. State-of-the-art vision-based systems for gait analysis use deep learning strategies, thus requiring a large amount of data for training. However, to the best of our knowledge, the largest publicly available pathological gait dataset contains only 10 subjects, simulating five types of gait. This paper presents a new dataset, GAIT-IT, captured from 21 subjects simulating five types of gait, at two severity levels. The dataset is recorded in a professional studio, making the sequences free of background camouflage, variations in illumination and other visual artifacts. The dataset is used to train a novel automatic gait analysis system. Compared to the state-of-the-art, the proposed system achieves a drastic reduction in the number of trainable parameters, memory requirements and execution times, while the classification accuracy is on par with the state-of-the-art. Recognizing the importance of remote healthcare, the proposed automatic gait analysis system is integrated with a prototype web application. This prototype is presently hosted in a private network, and after further tests and development it will allow people to upload a video of them walking and execute a web service that classifies their gait. The web application has a user-friendly interface usable by healthcare professionals or by laypersons. The application also makes an association between the identified type of gait and potential gait pathologies that exhibit the identified characteristics.

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A Sign of Things to Come: Predicting the Perception of Above-the-Fold Time in Web Browsing

Future Internet ◽

10.3390/fi13020050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Hamed Z. Jahromi ◽

Declan Delaney ◽

Andrew Hines

Keyword(s):

Web Application ◽

Web Applications ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Influencing Factor ◽

The State ◽

Experimental Result ◽

Web Page ◽

To Come ◽

Web Quality ◽

The Web

Content is a key influencing factor in Web Quality of Experience (QoE) estimation. A web user’s satisfaction can be influenced by how long it takes to render and visualize the visible parts of the web page in the browser. This is referred to as the Above-the-fold (ATF) time. SpeedIndex (SI) has been widely used to estimate perceived web page loading speed of ATF content and a proxy metric for Web QoE estimation. Web application developers have been actively introducing innovative interactive features, such as animated and multimedia content, aiming to capture the users’ attention and improve the functionality and utility of the web applications. However, the literature shows that, for the websites with animated content, the estimated ATF time using the state-of-the-art metrics may not accurately match completed ATF time as perceived by users. This study introduces a new metric, Plausibly Complete Time (PCT), that estimates ATF time for a user’s perception of websites with and without animations. PCT can be integrated with SI and web QoE models. The accuracy of the proposed metric is evaluated based on two publicly available datasets. The proposed metric holds a high positive Spearman’s correlation (rs=0.89) with the Perceived ATF reported by the users for websites with and without animated content. This study demonstrates that using PCT as a KPI in QoE estimation models can improve the robustness of QoE estimation in comparison to using the state-of-the-art ATF time metric. Furthermore, experimental result showed that the estimation of SI using PCT improves the robustness of SI for websites with animated content. The PCT estimation allows web application designers to identify where poor design has significantly increased ATF time and refactor their implementation before it impacts end-user experience.

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Lexikální strategie ve výuce němčiny jako druhého cizího jazyka po angličtině

Výzkum v didaktice cizích jazyků II ◽

10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9547-2019-3 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 51-74

Author(s):

Barbora Kousalová

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Foreign Language ◽

Learning Strategies ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Vocabulary Learning ◽

Foreign Language Teaching ◽

The State ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Teaching Context ◽

Vocabulary Learning Strategies

This paper describes the state of the art in the field of learning strategies with an emphasis on the foreign language teaching context. The contribution presents research from both the Czech Republic and abroad concerning the topic of vocabulary learning strategies in German as a second foreign language (L3) after English (L2).

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Interactive exploration of heterogeneous biological networks with Biomine Explorer

Bioinformatics ◽

10.1093/bioinformatics/btz509 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (24) ◽

pp. 5385-5388

Author(s):

Vid Podpečan ◽

Živa Ramšak ◽

Kristina Gruden ◽

Hannu Toivonen ◽

Nada Lavrač

Keyword(s):

Biological Networks ◽

Web Application ◽

Biological Knowledge ◽

Biological Databases ◽

Scientific Publications ◽

Public And Private ◽

Interactive Exploration ◽

Probabilistic Network ◽

Private Network ◽

User Friendly

Abstract Summary Biomine Explorer is a web application that enables interactive exploration of large heterogeneous biological networks constructed from selected publicly available biological knowledge sources. It is built on top of Biomine, a system which integrates cross-references from several biological databases into a large heterogeneous probabilistic network. Biomine Explorer offers user-friendly interfaces for search, visualization, exploration and manipulation as well as public and private storage of discovered subnetworks with permanent links suitable for inclusion into scientific publications. A JSON-based web API for network search queries is also available for advanced users. Availability and implementation Biomine Explorer is implemented as a web application, which is publicly available at https://biomine.ijs.si. Registration is not required but registered users can benefit from additional features such as private network repositories.

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The CHILDES Project: Tools for Analyzing Talk: Vol. 1. Transcription format and programs; Vol. 2. The database (3rd ed.). B. MacWhinney. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2000. Pp. 366 (Vol. 1); Pp. 418 (Vol. 2).

Applied Psycholinguistics ◽

10.1017/s0142716402222079 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 304-306

Author(s):

Diane E. Beals

Keyword(s):

Data Sharing ◽

Data Exchange ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Child Language ◽

The State ◽

Exchange System ◽

Language Analysis ◽

Language Data ◽

User Friendly

Since the late 1980s, the Child Language Data Exchange System (CHILDES) has defined the state of the art of collection, analysis, archiving, and data sharing of transcriptions of children's language. Starting from scratch in 1987, Brian MacWhinney, along with many other leaders in child language, developed highly useful tools for the computerization of transcripts and their analysis. I have used the transcription conventions and analysis programs since 1989 and have seen the system evolve from a simple DOS-based program to one that handles much broader and more complex analyses within more user-friendly Windows and Macintosh platforms. This latest (third) edition of the manual that accompanies the CHILDES system reflects a more stable version of the Conventions for Human Analysis of Transcripts (CHAT) and Child Language Analysis (CLAN) programs than prior editions, which felt like works in progress. This version is written as a finished product with procedures and programs that have settled down into stable patterns of operation.

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The Automated Negotiating Agents Competition, 2010–2015

AI Magazine ◽

10.1609/aimag.v36i4.2609 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 115-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tim Baarslag ◽

Reyhan Aydoğan ◽

Koen V. Hindriks ◽

Katsuhide Fujita ◽

Takayuki Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Learning Strategies ◽

Design Space ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

New Techniques ◽

Negotiation Agents ◽

International Event ◽

Acceptable Agreement

The Automated Negotiating Agents Competition is an international event that, since 2010, has contributed to the evaluation and development of new techniques and benchmarks for improving the state-of-the-art in automated multi-issue negotiation. A key objective of the competition has been to analyze and search the design space of negotiating agents for agents that are able to operate effectively across a variety of domains. The competition is a valuable tool for studying important aspects of negotiation including profiles and domains, opponent learning, strategies, bilateral and multilateral protocols. Two of the challenges that remain are: How to develop argumentation-based negotiation agents that next to bids, can inform and argue to obtain an acceptable agreement for both parties, and how to create agents that can negotiate in a human fashion.

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A Clinical Gait Analysis System

Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1243/emed_jour_1987_016_049_02 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Malcolm Ellis ◽

Adrian Howe

Keyword(s):

Gait Analysis ◽

Telemetry System ◽

System A ◽

Normal Gait ◽

Laboratory Facilities ◽

Contact Data ◽

The Subject ◽

Analysis System ◽

User Friendly ◽

Clinical Gait Analysis

A gait analysis system has been devised that is not only relatively inexpensive, but is also quick to use, requires no expertise to run, and does not need any special laboratory facilities. The system monitors the subject's knee and hip movements during ambulation using electro-goniometers. Foot contact data are obtained using lightweight, flexible, foot switches. The data are sent to a computer via an eight channel telemetry system carried by the subject on a waist belt. The software is designed to simplify analysis and be ‘user friendly’. After a simple calibration routine, the system prompts the operator to ask the subject to walk a number of steps. The computer ignores the initial steps taken as these are not typical of normal gait. It then collects data from the consequent steps, averages the data and then displays them in both graphical and numerical form. A patient can be tested and a printout provided for insertion in the patient's notes within ten minutes. Only one hours training is required to learn to operate the system. A patient can be tested in a physiotherapy department, corridor, or in any area where a few consecutive steps can be taken.

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Practical Picture Processing

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100051700 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

T. A. Welton

Keyword(s):

Radiation Damage ◽

Coherence Length ◽

Spatial Information ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Coherent Radiation ◽

The State ◽

Energy Spread ◽

Electron Micrograph ◽

Picture Processing ◽

Molecular Skeleton

Various authors have emphasized the spatial information resident in an electron micrograph taken with adequately coherent radiation. In view of the completion of at least one such instrument, this opportunity is taken to summarize the state of the art of processing such micrographs. We use the usual symbols for the aberration coefficients, and supplement these with £ and 6 for the transverse coherence length and the fractional energy spread respectively. He also assume a weak, biologically interesting sample, with principal interest lying in the molecular skeleton remaining after obvious hydrogen loss and other radiation damage has occurred.

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