scholarly journals Screening of Keratoconus Using Autokeratometer and Keratometer Keratoconus Index

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2120
Author(s):  
Takashi Kojima ◽  
Naoki Isogai ◽  
Tomoya Nishida ◽  
Tomoaki Nakamura ◽  
Kazuo Ichikawa
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Power ◽  
Diagnostic Index ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Positive Frequency

The keratometer keratoconus index (KKI) is a diagnostic index for the risk of keratoconus calculated from autokeratometer test values. We partially modified the KKI equation and assessed it without limiting the target age and severity of keratoconus. This retrospective study included 179 eyes of 99 patients with keratoconus and 468 eyes from 235 normal controls. In the modified KKI, oblique astigmatism or against-the-rule astigmatism was defined as ≥1D astigmatism. KKI diagnostic power was analyzed in subgroups of <50 and ≥50-year-old patients, and at different keratoconus stages. Although the sensitivity of modified KKI was comparable with that of original KKI (92.7% vs. 95.5%), modified KKI specificity was significantly higher (79.7% vs. 68.6%) (p = 0.0001). Using the modified KKI, sensitivity reached 100% (4/4) and specificity, 63.5% (33/52), in ≥50-year-old patients, while overall sensitivity in keratoconus ≥stage 2 was 100% (30/30). In conclusion, the modified KKI proved to be effective in keratoconus screening at all stages. However, it should be noted that false-positive frequency is higher in ≥50-year-old patients.

scholarly journals Role of Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy and Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Biliary Atresia in Infant with Neonatal Jaundice – Experiences in NINMAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
Nasreen Sultana ◽  
Zeenat Jabin ◽  
Md Bashir ◽  
Rahima Parveen ◽  
Shamim MF Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Hepatic Dysfunction ◽  
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy ◽  
Hida Scan ◽  
Complementary Role

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether gall bladder visualization can help to exclude the biliary atresia in hepatobiliary scintigraphic studies of infants with persistent jaundice.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS). Study subjects include infants with neo-natal jaundice who underwent Hepatobiliary scintigraphies for suspected biliary atresia and study period was 2 years. Food was withheld for 4 hours before the examination. Anterior images of liver and gall bladder were taken after i/v administration of 2 -3 mci 99m Tc labeled Brida (HIDA) at 5 min interval for 2 hours then at 4 hours and 24 hours. Non-visualization of bowel activity in HIDA scan in 24hours delayed images was considered as cases of diagnosis of biliary atresia.Results: Thirty-six patients were included in this retrospective study. Patent biliary channels was seen by scintigraphies in 17(47%) patients and biliary atresia was seen in 19(52%) patients. By abdominal US non- visualization of gall bladder were found in 25(69%) cases and gall bladder visualized in 11(30%) cases. Eight (22%) of 36 patients had biopsy confirmed biliary atresia; all of these had positive scintigraphies and (60%) had positive sonographic findings. Among the 5 false-positive scintigraphies caused by hepatic dysfunction and 2 had normal sonography. Thirty-six patients had periscintigraphic sonography. There were 25/36 (61%) abnormal studies, which included cases with small gallbladder (n = 8) and non-visualized gallbladder (n = 17), but not periportal fibrosis.Conclusion: Gall bladder was usually visible on Hepatobiliary scintigraphy of fasting patients with biliary patency.  Both hepatobiliary scintigraphy and sonography are currently the standard imaging investigations for suspected biliary atresia. The complementary role, in which scintigraphy and sonography are important, and recommend follow-up imaging reassessment before making definitive surgical decisions. This will serve to decrease the frequency of false-positive imaging diagnoses of biliary atresia, and hence, avoid unnecessary surgeries.Bangladesh J. Nuclear Med. 18(1): 51-53, January 2015

Biological false-positive tests comprise a high proportion of Venereal Disease Research Laboratory reactions in an analysis of 300,000 sera

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 722-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Geusau ◽  
Harald Kittler ◽  
Ulrike Hein ◽  
Edda Dangl-Erlach ◽  
Georg Stingl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Venereal Disease Research Laboratory ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Specific Test ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Syphilis Screening

This retrospective study on syphilis screening at the sexually transmitted infection (STI) unit of a University Department emphasizes the necessity of a treponemal-specific test as the appropriate screening test. The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test for syphilis screening may, under certain circumstances, yield positive results in patients not infected with Treponema pallidum, a phenomenon referred to as biological false-positive (BFP) VDRL test. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of BFP tests in a large sample of sera. In this retrospective study, we analysed the results of parallel VDRL and T. pallidum haemagglutination (TPHA) testing of a total of 514,940 blood samples obtained from patients at the Vienna General Hospital between January 1988 and November 1999. Patients' sera with incomplete data on stage and sex and duplicate sera were excluded, leaving 300,000 sera for analysis. The seroprevalence for syphilis was 1.77% ( n = 5320), as determined by a positive TPHA test. It was significantly higher in male than in female patients (2.03% versus 1.58%, P<0.001). Of the patients reactive in the TPHA test, 3257 (61.2%) were negative in the VDRL. With regard to reactivity in VDRL testing, 2799 patients (0.92%) of the study population were positive, of whom 736 (26%) were biological false positive. BFP reactivity was found in 0.24% of all patients and was significantly higher in women than in men (0.27% versus 0.20%, P<0.001) and in patients over 60 years of age (0.34%) as compared with those under 60 (0.25%, P<0.001). This proportion might be even higher, as reactivity in the VDRL at 1:0 and 1:2 dilutions without a positive treponemal test was not reported. The subgroup of HIV-positive patients ( n = 1415) revealed a 10-fold higher rate of BFP tests (2.1% versus 0.24), an effect being statistically significant. In a low syphilis prevalence population, BFP reactions comprise a high proportion of all VDRL reactors. Therefore, the use of the VDRL as a screening procedure is challenged.

scholarly journals Comparison of Different Telepathology Solutions for Primary Frozen Section Diagnostic

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hufnagl ◽  
G. Bayer ◽  
P. Oberbarnscheidt ◽  
K. Wehrstedt ◽  
H. Guski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Frozen Section Diagnosis

In a retrospective study on a set of 125 cases we compared the following three telepathology solutions for primary frozen section diagnosis: ATM‐TP (connection via ATM), TPS 1.0 (connection via LAN) and TELEMIC (connection via Internet), which represent different concepts of telepathological procedures.A set of 125 routine frozen sections (breast) was selected from the Charité cases of the year 1999. Four experienced pathologists diagnosed retrospectively all of these cases.Using the ATM‐TP and TPS systems and 53 of them with the TELEMIC system. Using the ATM‐TP we recorded no false positive (0%), 4 false negative (3.2%) and 4 deferred (3.2%) cases. Using the TPS we recorded no false positive (0%), 4 false negative (3.2%) and 4 deferred (3.2%) cases. Using the TELEMIC we recorded in 53 cases no false positive (0%), no false negative (0%) and 16 deferred (30.2%) cases.The average time of 2.2 minutes per case using ATM‐TP is also short enough for routine frozen section diagnostic. This is also true for the TPS system with 7.2 minutes per case.

scholarly journals Clinical factors associated with initial Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a retrospective study in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbo Tang ◽  
Guodu Tang ◽  
Liying Pan ◽  
Hua Zhu ◽  
Shanmei Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Eradication Rate ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has been decreasing every year, mainly due to the increase in antibiotic resistance. In fact, many other factors may affect H. pylori eradication. To analyze the clinical factors affecting the initial eradication therapy in Chinese patients with H. pylori infection. We conducted a retrospective study on 264 outpatients who were diagnosed with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease between January and December 2015 at a large tertiary hospital in China. The patients were divided into three groups: ECA, RCA, and RCM (R: 20 mg rabeprazole, E: 40 mg esomeprazole, C: 0.5 g clarithromycin, A: 1.0 g amoxicillin and M: 0.4 g metronidazole). The patients were treated for 14 days and followed up for 1 year. The 14C-urea breath test (14C-UBT) was performed 4 weeks after the completion of the eradication therapy. The eradication rate was higher in ≥ 40-year-old patients than in < 40-year-old-patients (85.7% vs. 54.7%, p = 0.002). Multivariate analyses revealed only age ≥ 40 years to be significantly associated with a high H. pylori eradication rate [odds ratio (OR) 4.58, p = 0.003]. The H. pylori eradication rate in patients with duodenal ulcers was significantly higher than that in patients with gastric ulcers (79% vs. 60%, p = 0.012). Age could be a predictor of successful H. pylori eradication. Patients with duodenal ulcers had a higher H. pylori eradication rate than those with other lesions.

High Resolution CT and Bronchography in the Assessment of Bronchiectasis

1991 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Young ◽  
F. Aspestrand ◽  
A. Kolbenstvedt
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
High Resolution Ct ◽  
Negative Rate ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Positive Rate

To elucidate the reliability of CT in the assessment of bronchiectasis, a retrospective study of high resolution CT and bronchography was carried out. A segment by segment comparison of 259 segmental bronchi from 70 lobes of 27 lungs in 19 patients was performed using bronchography as standard. CT was positive in 87 of 89 segmental bronchi with bronchiectasis giving a false-negative rate of 2%. CT was negative in 169 of 170 segmental bronchi without bronchiectasis at bronchography, giving a false-positive rate of 1%. There was agreement between the two modalities in identifying the different types of bronchiectasis.

scholarly journals Tuberculous Meningitis in Adults: A Review of 160 Cases

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Pehlivanoglu ◽  
Kadriye Kart Yasar ◽  
Gonul Sengoz
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neurological Sequel ◽  
Diagnostic Index ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging features of 160 adult patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) according to “Thwaites’ diagnostic index.”Methods. The subjects of this retrospective study are the patients with TBM who were followed up between years 1998 and 2009 in a tertiary referral hospital. Diagnosis of TBM was based on clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging signs and Thwaites’ diagnostic index.Results.Mycobacterium tuberculosiswas isolated from CSF in 59 of 148 patients. Seventeen percent of the patients died, 71% recovered completely, and 13% recovered with neurological sequel at the end of the sixth month.Conclusions. Despite new developments in laboratory or neuroimaging techniques, the diagnosis of TBM is still based on clinical features with the help of laboratory. Early diagnosis by suspecting TBM may prevent therapy delay and may result in decrease in the mortality and morbidity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document