scholarly journals SATB2 and MDM2 Immunoexpression and Diagnostic Role in Primary Osteosarcomas of the Jaw

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Adepitan A. Owosho ◽  
Adeola M. Ladeji ◽  
Olufunlola M. Adesina ◽  
Kehinde E. Adebiyi ◽  
Mofoluwaso A. Olajide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Mdm2 Amplification

Primary osteosarcomas of the jaw (OSJ) are rare, accounting for 6% of all osteosarcomas. This study aims to determine the value of SATB2 and MDM2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in differentiating OSJ from other jawbone mimickers, such as benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOLs) of the jaw or Ewing sarcoma of the jaw. Certain subsets of osteosarcoma harbor a supernumerary ring and/or giant marker chromosomes with amplification of the 12q13–15 region, including the murine double-minute type 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) genes. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is an immunophenotypic marker for osteoblastic differentiation. Cases of OSJ, BFOLs (ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia) of the jaw, and Ewing sarcoma of the jaw were retrieved from the Departments of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University and Lagos State University College of Medicine, Nigeria. All OSJ retrieved showed histologic features of high-grade osteosarcoma. IHC for SATB2 (clone EP281) and MDM2 (clone IF2), as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for MDM2 amplification, were performed on all cases. SATB2 was expressed in a strong intensity and diffuse staining pattern in all cases (11 OSJ, including a small-cell variant, 7 ossifying fibromas, and 5 fibrous dysplasias) except in Ewing sarcoma, where it was negative in neoplastic cells. MDM2 was expressed in a weak to moderate intensity and scattered focal to limited diffuse staining pattern in 27% (3/11) of cases of OSJ and negative in all BFOLs and the Ewing sarcoma. MDM2 amplification was negative by FISH in interpretable cases. In conclusion, the three cases of high-grade OSJs that expressed MDM2 may have undergone transformation from a low-grade osteosarcoma (LGOS). SATB2 is not a dependable diagnostic marker to differentiate OSJ from BFOLs of the jaw; however, it could serve as a valuable diagnostic marker in differentiating the small-cell variant of OSJ from Ewing sarcoma of the jaw, while MDM2 may be a useful diagnostic marker in differentiating OSJ from BFOLs of the jaw, especially in the case of an LGOS or high-grade transformed osteosarcoma.

scholarly journals Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant small round cell tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
R Bashyal ◽  
TB Pathak ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
CB Pun ◽  
S Banstola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Round Cell Tumors

Background: Immunohistochemistry is a key tool for the analysis of localization of target molecules within tissues. It has a significant role in the identification of tumors lacking evidence of lineage differentiation on the basis of routine light microscopic morphology alone. Approximately 90% of tumors posing diagnostic difficulties by morphology could be accurately classified by exploiting immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study is to identify the true identity of malignant small round cell tumors by immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study done in Department of Histopathology of B.P.Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to April 2011.A total of 40 cases small round cell tumors were selected for immunostaining. The immunohistochemistry technique used is the Polymer detection-EnvisionTM System, a two step staining technique based on Horse Radish Peroxidase labeled dextran polymer technology (DAKO Company). Results: Out of 40 cases of malignant small round cell tumors, there were 21 cases (52.5%) of Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma , 11 cases (27.5%) of Ewing’s Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Lymphoblastic Lymphoma , 1 case (2.5%) of Rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 cases (5%) of Low grade neuroendocrine tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Neuroblastoma, 2 cases (5%) of Poorly differentiated Synovial Sarcoma (small cell variant), 1case (2.5%) of Malignant Melanoma (small cell variant). Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry is a valuable adjunct to routine hematoxylin and eosin staining for adequate and accurate categorization of malignant small round cell tumors. Keywords: Immunohistochemistry; Malignant Small Round Cell Tumor; Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; Ewing’s Sarcoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5398 JPN 2011; 1(2): 87-91

Small Cell Variant of Renal Oncocytoma With Liver Metastases

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti P. Trivedi ◽  
Divya Kriplani ◽  
Amisha Gami ◽  
Manoj J. Shah ◽  
Pankaj M. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Renal Oncocytoma ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Cell Variant

68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT demonstrating higher CXCR4 density in small cell lung carcinoma than in non-small cell variant

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 909-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Watts ◽  
Baljinder Singh ◽  
Rajender Basher ◽  
Harmandeep Singh ◽  
Amanjit Bal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Cell Variant

scholarly journals Emerging Therapeutic Concepts and Latest Diagnostic Advancements Regarding Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gynecologic Tract

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1338
Author(s):  
Tiberiu-Augustin Georgescu ◽  
Roxana Elena Bohiltea ◽  
Octavian Munteanu ◽  
Florentina Furtunescu ◽  
Antonia-Carmen Lisievici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Who Classification ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Female Genital

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are particularly rare in all sites of the gynecological tract and include a variety of neoplasms with variable prognosis, dependent on histologic subtype and site of origin. Following the expert consensus proposal of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the approach in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours is to use the same terminology for NENs at all body sites. The main concept of this novel classification framework is to align it to all other body sites and make a clear distinction between well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). The previous WHO Classification System of the Female Genital Tumours featured more or less the same principle, but used the terms ‘low-grade neuroendocrine tumor’ and ‘high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma’. Regardless of the terminology used, each of these two main categories include two distinct morphological subtypes: NETs are represented by typical and atypical carcinoid and NEC are represented by small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). High-grade NECs, especially small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma tends to be more frequent in the uterine cervix, followed by the endometrium, while low-grade NETs usually occur in the ovary. NENs of the vulva, vagina and fallopian tube are exceptionally rare, with scattered case reports in the scientific literature.

Cervical Small Cell Variant of Paraganglioma With Sarcomatous Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Razack ◽  
Jennifer L. Butt ◽  
Liezel Coetzee ◽  
Isabelle Hostein ◽  
Sabrina Croce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Sarcomatous Transformation ◽  
Cell Variant
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