scholarly journals Role of immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of malignant small round cell tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
R Bashyal ◽  
TB Pathak ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
CB Pun ◽  
S Banstola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Round Cell Tumors

Background: Immunohistochemistry is a key tool for the analysis of localization of target molecules within tissues. It has a significant role in the identification of tumors lacking evidence of lineage differentiation on the basis of routine light microscopic morphology alone. Approximately 90% of tumors posing diagnostic difficulties by morphology could be accurately classified by exploiting immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study is to identify the true identity of malignant small round cell tumors by immunohistochemical analysis. Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study done in Department of Histopathology of B.P.Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to April 2011.A total of 40 cases small round cell tumors were selected for immunostaining. The immunohistochemistry technique used is the Polymer detection-EnvisionTM System, a two step staining technique based on Horse Radish Peroxidase labeled dextran polymer technology (DAKO Company). Results: Out of 40 cases of malignant small round cell tumors, there were 21 cases (52.5%) of Non- Hodgkin Lymphoma , 11 cases (27.5%) of Ewing’s Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Lymphoblastic Lymphoma , 1 case (2.5%) of Rhabdomyosarcoma, 2 cases (5%) of Low grade neuroendocrine tumor, 1 case (2.5%) of Neuroblastoma, 2 cases (5%) of Poorly differentiated Synovial Sarcoma (small cell variant), 1case (2.5%) of Malignant Melanoma (small cell variant). Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry is a valuable adjunct to routine hematoxylin and eosin staining for adequate and accurate categorization of malignant small round cell tumors. Keywords: Immunohistochemistry; Malignant Small Round Cell Tumor; Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma; Ewing’s Sarcoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v1i2.5398 JPN 2011; 1(2): 87-91

scholarly journals Novel Secondary Somatic Mutations in Ewing's Sarcoma and Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e93676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunyun Jiang ◽  
Vivek Subbiah ◽  
Filip Janku ◽  
Joseph A. Ludwig ◽  
Aung Naing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Round Cell Tumors

Extraskeletal Ewing's Sarcoma/Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Posterior Mediastinum with t(11;22)(q24;q12)

2008 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 888-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marosh Manduch ◽  
David F Dexter ◽  
Peter M Ellis ◽  
Kenneth Reid ◽  
Phillip A Isotalo
Keyword(s):  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Mediastinal Tumors ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Extraskeletal Ewing’S Sarcoma

Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor family of tumors is part of a rare group of malignant neoplasms with small round-cell morphology. We describe a 24-year-old woman who presented with non-specific back pain. A chest radiograph and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an extraosseous, dumbbell-shaped mass of the posterior mediastinum with extension into the spinal canal. The patient underwent a left posterolateral thoracotomy and a T3–5 laminectomy with subsequent multi-agent chemotherapy. Histopathologic examination of the tumor demonstrated sheets of primitive small round malignant cells that showed no visible differentiation. Neoplastic cells were strongly immunoreactive for CD99 and vimentin and were negative for chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD31, CD34, calcitonin, desmin, low-molecular weight cytokeratins, wide-spectrum cytokeratins, leukocyte common antigen, S-100 protein, and thyroid transcription factor-1. The neoplasm was diagnosed as a Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and cytogenetic studies confirmed a t(11;22)(q24;q12) chromosomal translocation and an associated trisomy of chromosome 2, supporting the histologic diagnosis. Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors are rare neoplasms that should be distinguished from other small round-cell tumors by morphology and ancillary laboratory techniques. Although rare, they need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary mediastinal tumors.

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors With Atypical Presentations: A Report of 34 Cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyaa Al-Ibraheemi ◽  
Cory Broehm ◽  
Munir R. Tanas ◽  
Andrew E. Horvai ◽  
Brian P. Rubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Atypical Presentations ◽  
Round Cell Tumors ◽  
Head Neck

Objectives. Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an aggressive round cell sarcoma that arises in the abdominal cavity/pelvis of young males. We sought to expand its clinicopathologic spectrum. Methods. Cases of DSRCT presenting in patients >30 years of age or tumors arising outside of the abdominal cavity/pelvis were retrieved. Results. Thirty-four cases were identified. Sixteen tumors arose at atypical sites (head/neck, intracranial, thigh, axilla/shoulder, inguinal/paratesticular, intraosseous, and uterine corpus). The remaining 18 patients were older than 30 years, and their tumors involved the abdomen or pelvis. The majority of cases showed areas with classic histology, while 6 cases exhibited solid growth and 5 showed macronodular architecture. Cytologic appearance included round cell, rhabdoid, epithelioid, and small cell. Conclusion. DSRCT may arise at nonabdominal locations in both pediatric and adult populations, as well as intra-abdominally in older adults, and these tumors exhibit high rates of metastasis and morbidity.

A multiplex assay for detection of common pediatric sarcoma tumor markers

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10041-10041
Author(s):  
R. A. Bender ◽  
J. Y. Liu ◽  
H. Li ◽  
K. Z. Qu ◽  
A. D. Sferruzza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Sarcoma ◽  
Tumor Markers ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Multiplex Assay ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Pcr Products

10041 Background: Molecular assays for tumor markers have become an important component in diagnosing pediatric sarcomas and small round cell tumors. We developed a multiplex assay to detect 7 common translocations associated with synovial sarcoma (SYT/SSX1, SYT/SSX2), Ewing's sarcoma (EWS/FLI1, EWS/ERG), rhabdomyosarcoma (PAX3/FKHR, PAX7/FKHR), and small round cell desmoplastic tumors (SRCDT) (EWS/WT1). Methods: 27 samples were analyzed with the multiplex assay: 13 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples, 5 fresh frozen tumor samples, 2 commercial RNA samples (SYT/SSX1, SYT/SSX2), 3 cell line samples (EWS/FLI, EWS/ERG, PAX3/FKHR), 1 synthetic control (PAX7/FKHR), and 3 negative controls. After RNA extraction, RT-PCR was performed using the SuperScript III One-Step RT-PCR System with Platinum Taq DNA Polymerase (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). 12 primers were added to a single master mix to amplify all 7 translocations and an internal control; 1 primer from each pair was fluorescently labeled. After RT-PCR, the PCR products were separated on a genetic analyzer and the translocations identified based on the size of the PCR products and their signal intensity. Samples were also analyzed by our current assay (real-time RT-PCR or standard RT-PCR/gel electrophoresis). Results: The results of our current and multiplex assays were positive for all synthetic controls, cell lines, and commercial RNA samples and were concordant for 15/18 tumor samples: 2/7 synovial sarcoma samples were positive for SYT/SSX1 and 3/7 for SYT/SSX2; 2/6 Ewing's sarcoma samples were EWS/FLI1-positive; 1/1 SRCDT sample was EWS/WT1-positive; and 4/4 rhabdomyosarcoma samples were negative. The 3 discordant samples tested negative with our current assay; the new multiplex assay detected EWS/FLI1 in 1 of these and SYT/SSX2 in 2, in agreement with the histological classification. Conclusions: This multiplex assay can detect 7 translocations commonly found in pediatric soft tissue tumors in a single-tube reaction, with increased clinical sensitivity relative to our current methods. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Ewing’s sarcoma in maxilla

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. e227819
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Astekar ◽  
Shipra Saxena ◽  
Aditi Murari ◽  
Bhari Sharanesha Manjunatha
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumour ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Cell Neoplasm ◽  
Age Range

Ewing sarcoma is a lesion of bone, described in small round cell neoplasm. This tumour resembles primitive neuroectodermal tumour both clinically and histologically. Major difference between these two is that the former arises in the bone and the later in soft tissue. It appears most frequently in males at the age range of of 5–25 years, 80% of which occurs within first two decades of life. Males are more commonly affected than females. Present paper reported with a case report of male patient with 24-year-old showing Ewing’s sarcoma of right maxilla.

scholarly journals SATB2 and MDM2 Immunoexpression and Diagnostic Role in Primary Osteosarcomas of the Jaw

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Adepitan A. Owosho ◽  
Adeola M. Ladeji ◽  
Olufunlola M. Adesina ◽  
Kehinde E. Adebiyi ◽  
Mofoluwaso A. Olajide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Marker ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Small Cell Variant ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
Mdm2 Amplification

Primary osteosarcomas of the jaw (OSJ) are rare, accounting for 6% of all osteosarcomas. This study aims to determine the value of SATB2 and MDM2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) in differentiating OSJ from other jawbone mimickers, such as benign fibro-osseous lesions (BFOLs) of the jaw or Ewing sarcoma of the jaw. Certain subsets of osteosarcoma harbor a supernumerary ring and/or giant marker chromosomes with amplification of the 12q13–15 region, including the murine double-minute type 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) genes. Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is an immunophenotypic marker for osteoblastic differentiation. Cases of OSJ, BFOLs (ossifying fibroma and fibrous dysplasia) of the jaw, and Ewing sarcoma of the jaw were retrieved from the Departments of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University and Lagos State University College of Medicine, Nigeria. All OSJ retrieved showed histologic features of high-grade osteosarcoma. IHC for SATB2 (clone EP281) and MDM2 (clone IF2), as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for MDM2 amplification, were performed on all cases. SATB2 was expressed in a strong intensity and diffuse staining pattern in all cases (11 OSJ, including a small-cell variant, 7 ossifying fibromas, and 5 fibrous dysplasias) except in Ewing sarcoma, where it was negative in neoplastic cells. MDM2 was expressed in a weak to moderate intensity and scattered focal to limited diffuse staining pattern in 27% (3/11) of cases of OSJ and negative in all BFOLs and the Ewing sarcoma. MDM2 amplification was negative by FISH in interpretable cases. In conclusion, the three cases of high-grade OSJs that expressed MDM2 may have undergone transformation from a low-grade osteosarcoma (LGOS). SATB2 is not a dependable diagnostic marker to differentiate OSJ from BFOLs of the jaw; however, it could serve as a valuable diagnostic marker in differentiating the small-cell variant of OSJ from Ewing sarcoma of the jaw, while MDM2 may be a useful diagnostic marker in differentiating OSJ from BFOLs of the jaw, especially in the case of an LGOS or high-grade transformed osteosarcoma.

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