An Integration Mechanism between Demand and Supply Side Management of Electricity Markets

One of the main challenges in the emerging smart grid is to jointly consider the demand and supply, which is also reflected in the wholesale market (supply side) and the retail market (demand side). When integrating the demand and supply side into one framework, the mechanism for determining the market clearing price has been changed. This is due to the demand variations in the demand side in response to the market clearing price and the change of generation costs in the supply side from the demand variation. In order to find the best balance between the supply and demand under the demand response management scheme, this paper proposes a new integrated supply and demand coordination mechanism for the electricity market and smart pricing methods for generator and retailers. Another important contribution of this paper is to develop an efficient algorithm to find the match equilibrium between the demand and supply sides in the new proposed mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate that the new mechanism can effectively handle unpredictable demand under dynamic retail pricing and support the ISO to dispatch the generation economically. It can also help in achieving the goals of dynamic pricing such as maximizing the profits for retailers.

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Characteristics Analysis of the Heat-to-Power Ratio from the Supply and Demand Sides of Cities in Northern China

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13010242 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 242 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Shunyong Yin ◽

Jianjun Xia ◽

Yi Jiang

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Northern China ◽

Energy System ◽

Energy Structure ◽

Supply Side ◽

Power Ratio ◽

Demand Side ◽

Demand And Supply ◽

Heating Method ◽

Urban Energy

Combined heat and power (CHP), an efficient heating method with cascades use of energy, accounts for approximately 50% of the heat sources in northern China. Many researchers have made significant efforts to improve its energy efficiency and environmental effects with important achievements. Given that the system produces heat and electricity at the same time, this study focuses on the role of CHP in the holistic urban energy system and points out the mismatch between the demand and supply sides of urban energy systems by using the heat-to-power ratio as a parameter. The calculation method and characteristics of the supply side heat-to-power ratio of eight heating methods and the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio for 19 cities in northern China are displayed. After the analysis, it is concluded that (1) the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio in the cities varies from 1.0 to 5.9, which is affected by the location and social, economic, and industrial structures. (2) In most of the cities, with the current energy structure, the demand side heat-to-power ratios are always larger than the supply side heat-to-power ratios. (3) The reduction in heating demand, surplus heat recovery, and the use of a highly efficient electric heating method, such as the heat pump, can help solve the mismatch of the heat-to-power ratio between the demand and supply sides. These conclusions can guide the urban energy planning and system construction.

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LIMITATIONS ON THE ACTIVITY OF BUSINESS ANGELS IN FINANCING STARTUPS

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum - Oeconomia ◽

10.22630/aspe.2020.19.3.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 5-12

Author(s):

Edyta Cegielska

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Tax Incentives ◽

Public Institutions ◽

Supply Side ◽

Demand Side ◽

Business Angels ◽

Demand And Supply ◽

Tax Laws ◽

External Capital ◽

Theoretical Considerations

The article aims to identify limitations on the activity of business angels (also known as “angel investors”) in financing startups. Business angels are the main source of external capital for startups, aside from family and friends. However, the degree to which they are active in the economy, in Poland and in other countries, is bound by certain restrictions, a number of which are related to supply and demand. The article seeks to deepen the theoretical considerations of these limitations from the perspective of demand and supply constraints. The study demonstrates that on the demand side, the greatest limitations that hinder business angels from financing startups are overly-complicated tax laws and a lack of tax incentives for investment activities. On the supply side, it is the failure to meet investment criteria imposed by business angels. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that without the interference of public institutions it will be difficult to effectively reduce the limitations on the activity of business angels.

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The lure of populism: A conjoint experiment examining the interplay between demand and supply side factors

10.31235/osf.io/2r5u4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Henrik Serup Christensen ◽

Inga Saikkonen

Keyword(s):

Generational Differences ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Supply Side ◽

Demand Side ◽

Political Leaders ◽

Finnish Population ◽

Demand And Supply ◽

Political Dissatisfaction ◽

Conjoint Experiment ◽

Supply Side Factors

Several studies have examined the success of populist leaders in recent decades. These studies focus on both supply side factors that concern the traits of populist actors and demand side factors in the form of characteristics of the supporters. However, we still lack a solid understanding of how these supply and demand side factors interact to explain the support of populist leaders. We contribute to this literature by examining the interplay of two central supply side factors, people-centeredness and nativism, and two demand side factors, political dissatisfaction and generational differences, in determining populist support. We test these explanations by leveraging a choice-based conjoint analysis embedded in a representative sample of the Finnish population (n=1030). The results show that while both people-centeredness and nativism enhance the favourability of prospective political leaders, it is only nativism that it more appealing to the politically dissatisfied. In contrast to recent studies, we find no evidence that populist leader traits would be more favoured by younger generations. These results indicate that the interplay between supply and demand may well be more intricate than what previous studies suggest.

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Problems and Holistic Solutions for Agricultural Businesses in Chiang Mai

American International Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.46545/aijas.v2i1.6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Keyword(s):

Language Skills ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Supply Side ◽

Demand Side ◽

Chiang Mai ◽

Demand And Supply ◽

Industry Group ◽

The Government ◽

Integration Problems ◽

Production Problems

This research aims to study the problems and find solutions of major agro-industries in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The sample was divided into two parts: The supply side was the government agency, educational institutions and civil society. Demand side was Agro-Industry entrepreneurs. The methodology was focus on meeting the stakeholder debate, and group workshop, the first step of the research was selected the potential agro-industry group to study then in the operating phase, the survey was conducted to analyze and synthesize the problems of agro-industry and find solutions by group meetings in order to present a holistic problem-solving model. This process will provide opportunity for stakeholders and related agencies to collaborate and propose appropriate guidelines for action. The results show that, within demand side, the three most important issues are labor issues, marketing and production problems respectively. While the supply side, the top three issues are the integration problems, lacking of language skills / expertise, and lacking of database. Based on the analysis of both demand and supply side, there is a lack of concrete cooperation from relevant agencies, especially in policy cooperation. Therefore, a policy that responds to the problems of agro-industry is essential for all agencies to focus on and implement concrete measures to address sustainable issues.

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A Two-Sided Price-Decoupled Pay-As-Bid Auction Approach for the Clearing of Day-Ahead Electricity Markets

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016201006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 162 ◽

pp. 01006

Author(s):

Dávid Csercsik

Keyword(s):

Objective Function ◽

Electricity Markets ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Conventional Approach ◽

Small Scale ◽

Power Balance ◽

Market Clearing ◽

Multiunit Auctions ◽

Market Clearing Price ◽

Characteristic Features

In this paper we propose a possible alternative for conventional pay-as-clear type multiunit auctions commonly used for the clearing of day-ahead power exchanges, and analyse some of its characteristic features in comparison with conventional clearing. In the proposed framework, instead of the concept of the uniform market clearing price, we introduce limit prices separately for supply and demand bids, and in addition to the power balance constraint, we formulate constraints for the income balance of the market. The total traded quantity is used as the objective function of the formulation. The concept is demonstrated on a simple example and is compared to the conventional approach in small-scale market simulations.

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