Effect of Biodiesel Mixture Derived from Waste Frying-Corn, Frying-Canola-Corn and Canola-Corn Cooking Oils with Various Ages on Physicochemical Properties
Waste frying, corn and canola cooking oil biodiesels were produced through the transesterification process and their properties were measured. Three different mixtures of biodiesel with the same blending ratio, namely, WCME1 (frying-corn biodiesel), WCME2 (frying-canola-corn biodiesel) and WCME3 (canola-corn biodiesel), were prepared. The effect of blending biodiesel with various ages (zero months (WCME3), eight months (WCME1), and 30 months (WCME2)) on kinematic viscosity and density was investigated under varying temperature and volume fraction. It was found that the kinematic viscosity of WCME2 remained within the ranges listed in ASTM D445 (1.9–6.0 mm2/s) and EN-14214 (3.5–5.0 mm2/s) at 30 months. It was also observed that both viscosity and density decreased as the temperature increased for each fuel sample. In order to improve the cold flow properties of the samples, the Computer-Aided Cooling Curve Analysis (CACCA) technique was used to explore the crystallization/melting profiles of pure methyl biodiesel as well their blends. The results show that pure WCME2 has the lowest cold flow properties compared to other samples. Furthermore, 10 correlations were developed, tested and compared with generalized correlations for the estimation of the viscosity and densities of pure biodiesels and their blends. These equations depend on the temperature and volume fraction of pure components as well as the properties of the fuel.
