scholarly journals Comparative Study of Powertrain Hybridization for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Equipped with Diesel and Gas Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2072
Author(s):  
Ilya Kulikov ◽  
Andrey Kozlov ◽  
Alexey Terenchenko ◽  
Kirill Karpukhin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Heavy Duty Vehicles

This article describes a study that aimed to estimate the fuel-saving potential possessed by the hybridization of conventional powertrains intended for heavy-duty vehicles based on diesel and natural gas fueled engines. The tools used for this analysis constitute mathematical models of vehicle dynamics and the powertrain, including its components, i.e., the engine, electric drive, transmission, and energy storage system (ESS). The model of the latter, accompanied by experimental data, allowed for an analysis of employing a supercapacitor regarding the selection of its energy content and the interface between the traction electric drive and the ESS (in light of the wide voltage operating range of supercapacitors). The results revealed the influence of these factors on both the supercapacitor efficiency (during its operation within a powertrain) and the vehicle fuel economy. After implementation of the optimized ESS design within the experimentally validated vehicle model, simulations were conducted in several driving cycles. The results allowed us to compare the fuel economy provided by the hybridization for diesel and gas powertrains in different driving conditions, with different vehicle masses, taking into account the onboard auxiliary power consumption.

scholarly journals On the Investigation of Energy Efficient Torque Distribution Strategies through a Comprehensive Powertrain Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4549
Author(s):  
Sara Salamone ◽  
Basilio Lenzo ◽  
Giovanni Lutzemberger ◽  
Francesco Bucchi ◽  
Luca Sani
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Torque Distribution ◽  
Driving Cycles ◽  
Energy Models ◽  
Battery State Of Charge

In electric vehicles with multiple motors, the torque at each wheel can be controlled independently, offering significant opportunities for enhancing vehicle dynamics behaviour and system efficiency. This paper investigates energy efficient torque distribution strategies for improving the operational efficiency of electric vehicles with multiple motors. The proposed strategies are based on the minimisation of power losses, considering the powertrain efficiency characteristics, and are easily implementable in real-time. A longitudinal dynamics vehicle model is developed in Simulink/Simscape environment, including energy models for the electrical machines, the converter, and the energy storage system. The energy efficient torque distribution strategies are compared with simple distribution schemes under different standardised driving cycles. The effect of the different strategies on the powertrain elements, such as the electric machine and the energy storage system, are analysed. Simulation results show that the optimal torque distribution strategies provide a reduction in energy consumption of up to 5.5% for the case-study vehicle compared to simple distribution strategies, also benefiting the battery state of charge.

scholarly journals Improving the Fuel Economy and Battery Lifespan in Fuel Cell/Renewable Hybrid Power Systems Using the Power-Following Control of the Fueling Regulators

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8310
Author(s):  
Nicu Bizon ◽  
Mihai Oproescu ◽  
Phatiphat Thounthong ◽  
Mihai Varlam ◽  
Elena Carcadea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Hybrid Power Systems ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Load Demand

In this study, the performance and safe operation of the fuel cell (FC) system and battery-based energy storage system (ESS) included in an FC/ESS/renewable hybrid power system (HPS) is fully analyzed under dynamic load and variable power from renewable sources. Power-following control (PFC) is used for either the air regulator or the fuel regulator of the FC system, or it is switched to the inputs of the air and hydrogen regulators based on a threshold of load demand; these strategies are referred to as air-PFC, fuel-PFC, and air/fuel-PFC, respectively. The performance and safe operation of the FC system and battery-based ESS under these strategies is compared to the static feed-forward (sFF) control used by most commercial strategies implemented in FC systems, FC/renewable HPSs, and FC vehicles. This study highlights the benefits of using a PFC-based strategy to establish FC-system fueling flows, in addition to an optimal control of the boost power converter to maximize fuel economy. For example, the fuel economy for a 6 kW FC system using the air/fuel-PFC strategy compared to the strategies air-PFC, fuel-PFC, and the sFF benchmark is 6.60%, 7.53%, and 12.60% of the total hydrogen consumed by these strategies under a load profile of up and down the stairs using 1 kW/2 s per step. For an FC/ESS/renewable system, the fuel economy of an air/fuel-PFC strategy compared to same strategies is 7.28%, 8.23%, and 13.43%, which is better by about 0.7% because an FC system operates at lower power due to the renewable energy available in this case study.

scholarly journals Parametric performance maps for design and selection of Liquid Air Energy Storage system for mini to micro-grid scale applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 5053-5060
Author(s):  
Alessio Tafone ◽  
Emiliano Borri ◽  
Gabriele Comodi ◽  
Alessandro Romagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Analysis of the Use of Electric and Hybrid Drives on SWATH Ships

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6486
Author(s):  
Andrzej Łebkowski ◽  
Wojciech Koznowski
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Hydrodynamic Resistance ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Electric Drive System ◽  
Drive Systems

The article presents issues related to the possibility of using electric and hybrid systems to drive Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull (SWATH) vessels. Ships of this type have significantly less sway and heave compared to monohull crafts and catamarans. Thanks to the synergistic combination of the hydrodynamic properties of SWATH hull and electric drive systems, they can be an interesting proposition for use in transport of passengers and offshore wind farms service crews. The paper presents comparative test results of an electric drive system powered by Hybrid Energy Storage System, which are a combination of systems consisting of batteries (BAT), hydrogen fuel cells (FC) and diesel generators (D). For the presented configurations of propulsion systems, mathematical models taking into account the hydrodynamic resistance of the hull of the vessel have been developed and implemented in the Modelica simulation environment. The tests carried out for various configurations of the drive system have shown reduced energy consumption by the DIESEL-ELECTRIC drive system (by approx. 62%), as well as the reduction of harmful greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere (by approx. 62%) compared to the conventional DIESEL drive.

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