scholarly journals Power Split Supercharging: A Mild Hybrid Approach to Boost Fuel Economy

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6580
Author(s):  
Shima Nazari ◽  
Jason Siegel ◽  
Robert Middleton ◽  
Anna Stefanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Hybrid Device ◽  
Split Ratio ◽  
Equivalence Factor ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Mild Hybrid

This work investigates an innovative low-voltage (<60 V) hybrid device that enables engine boosting and downsizing in addition to mild hybrid functionalities such as regenerative braking, start-stop, and torque assist. A planetary gear set and a brake permit the power split supercharger (PSS) to share a 9 kW motor between supercharging the engine and direct torque supply to the crankshaft. In contrast, most e-boosting schemes use two separate motors for these two functionalities. This single motor structure restricts the PSS operation to only one of the supercharging or parallel hybrid modes; therefore, an optimized decision making strategy is necessary to select both the device mode and its power split ratio. An adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS), which uses the battery state of charge (SoC) history to adjust the equivalence factor, is developed for energy management of the PSS. The A-ECMS effectiveness is compared against a dynamic programming (DP) solution with full drive cycle preview through hardware-in-the-loop experiments on an engine dynamometer testbed. The experiments show that the PSS with A-ECMS reduces vehicle fuel consumption by 18.4% over standard FTP75 cycle, compared to a baseline turbocharged engine, while global optimal DP solution decreases the fuel consumption by 22.8% compared to the baseline.

scholarly journals Power Split Supercharging: A Mild Hybrid Approach to Boost Fuel Economy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Nazari ◽  
Jason Siegel ◽  
Robert Middleton ◽  
Anna Stefanopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Split Ratio ◽  
Bypass Valve ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Global Optimal ◽  
Mild Hybrid

This work studies a novel low voltage (&lt;60 V) hybrid system that supports engine boosting and downsizing in addition to start-stop, regenerative braking, and constrained torque assist/regeneration. The hybrid power split supercharger (PSS) shares a 9 kW motor between supercharging the engine or providing hybrid functionalities through a planetary gear set, a brake and a bypass valve. The PSS operation is limited to only one of the parallel hybrid or boosting modes at a time, necessitating a highly optimized decision making algorithm to select the device mode and power split ratio. In this work an adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS) is developed for energy management of the PSS. The A-ECMS effectiveness is compared against a dynamic programming (DP) solution with full drive cycle preview through hardware-in-the-loop experiments on an engine dynamometer testbed. The experiments show that the PSS with A-ECMS reduces a vehicle fuel consumption by 18.4% over standard FTP75 cycle compared to a baseline turbocharged engine, while global optimal DP solution decreases the fuel consumption by 22.8% compared to baseline.

scholarly journals Control of Timing Stability, and Suppression in Delayed Feedback Induced Frequency-Fluctuations by Means of Power Split Ratio and Delay Phase-Dependent Dual-Loop Optical Feedback

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4529
Author(s):  
Haroon Asghar ◽  
John G. McInerney
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Strength ◽  
Optical Feedback ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Split Ratio ◽  
Optical Delay ◽  
Quantum Dash ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Frequency Fluctuations ◽  
Mode Locked Lasers ◽  
Delayed Optical Feedback

We experimentally demonstrated a power split ratio and optical delay phase dependent dual-loop optical feedback to investigate the suppression of frequency-fluctuations induced due to delayed optical feedback. The device under investigation is self-mode-locked (SML) two-section quantum-dash (QDash) laser operating at ∼21 GHz and emitting at ∼1.55 m. The effect of two selective combinations of power split ratios (Loop-I: −23.29 dB and Loop-II: −28.06 dB, and Loop-I and Loop-II: −22 dB) and two optical delay phase settings ((i) stronger cavity set to integer resonance and fine-tuning the weaker cavity, (ii) weaker cavity set to integer resonance and fine-tuning of stronger cavity) on the suppression of cavity side-bands have been studied. Measured experimental results demonstrate that delayed optical feedback induced frequency-fluctuations can be effectively suppressed on integer resonance as well as on full delay range tuning (0–84 ps) by adjusting coupling strength −22 dB through Loop-I and Loop-II, respectively. Our findings suggest that power split ratio and delays phase-dependent dual-loop optical feedback can be used to maximize the performance of semiconductor mode-locked lasers.

Optimal power split ratio for autobalanced photodetection

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Yu Chang ◽  
Jow-Tsong Shy
Keyword(s):  
Split Ratio ◽  
Optimal Power ◽  
Power Split

scholarly journals Configuration optimization for improving fuel efficiency of power split hybrid powertrains with a single planetary gear

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanxin Pei ◽  
Xiaosong Hu ◽  
Yalian Yang ◽  
Xiaolin Tang ◽  
Cong Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Configuration Optimization ◽  
Hybrid Powertrains ◽  
Power Split

A Novel Three-Planetary-Gear Power-Split Hybrid Powertrain for Tracked Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaobo Qin ◽  
Yugong Luo ◽  
Zhong Cao ◽  
Keqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
Power Split

An Energy Efficient Power-Split Hybrid Transmission System to Drive Hydraulic Implements in Construction Machines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus Bertolin ◽  
Andrea Vacca
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Construction Machinery ◽  
Load Sensing ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Power Split ◽  
Truck Loading ◽  
Hybrid Transmission ◽  
Efficient Power

Abstract This paper proposes a novel hybrid power-split transmission to drive hydraulic implements in construction machinery. The highly efficient power-split hybrid transmission is combined with displacement controlled (DC) actuators to eliminate throttling losses within the hydraulic system and achieve higher fuel savings. The architecture design, sizing and power management are addressed. Simulation results considering a realistic truck-loading cycle on a mini excavator demonstrate the feasibility of the idea. A systematic comparison between the proposed system and the previously developed series-parallel hybrid is also carried out. The paper compares engine operation and fuel consumption of the previously mentioned hybrid system with the original non-hybrid load-sensing machine. It is shown that by implementing an efficient engine operation control, the proposed system can achieve up to 60.2% improvement in fuel consumption when compared to the original machine and consume 11.8% less than the previously developed series-parallel hybrid with DC actuation. Other advantages of the proposed solution include a much steadier engine operation, which opens to the possibility of designing an engine for optimal consumption and emissions at a single operating point as well as greatly reduce pollutant emissions. A steadier prime mover operation should also benefit fully electric machines, as the battery would not be stressed with heavy transients.

scholarly journals Smart Energy Management of Residential Microgrid System by a Novel Hybrid MGWOSCACSA Algorithm

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishwajit Dey ◽  
Fausto Pedro García Márquez ◽  
Sourav Kr. Basak
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Grey Wolf Optimizer ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
Sine Cosine Algorithm ◽  
The Impact

Optimal scheduling of distributed energy resources (DERs) of a low-voltage utility-connected microgrid system is studied in this paper. DERs include both dispatchable fossil-fueled generators and non-dispatchable renewable energy resources. Various real constraints associated with adjustable loads, charging/discharging limitations of battery, and the start-up/shut-down time of the dispatchable DERs are considered during the scheduling process. Adjustable loads are assumed to the residential loads which either operates throughout the day or for a particular period during the day. The impact of these loads on the generation cost of the microgrid system is studied. A novel hybrid approach considers the grey wolf optimizer (GWO), sine cosine algorithm (SCA), and crow search algorithm (CSA) to minimize the overall generation cost of the microgrid system. It has been found that the generation costs rise 50% when the residential loads were included along with the fixed loads. Active participation of the utility incurred 9–17% savings in the system generation cost compared to the cases when the microgrid was operating in islanded mode. Finally, statistical analysis has been employed to validate the proposed hybrid Modified Grey Wolf Optimization-Sine Cosine Algorithm-Crow Search Algorithm (MGWOSCACSA) over other algorithms used.

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