Integrated Algorithm for Selecting the Location and Control of Energy Storage Units to Improve the Voltage Level in Distribution Grids

This paper refers to the issue that mainly appears in distribution grids, where renewable energy sources (RES) are widely installed. In such grids, one of the main problems is the coordination of energy production time with demand time, especially if photovoltaic energy sources are present. To face this problem, battery energy storage units (ESU) can be installed. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to optimizing the use of ESU. This paper contains a simple description of available solutions for the application of ESU as well as an original proposal for selecting the optimal location and control of ESU. The ESU selection method is based on the use of a genetic algorithm and the ESU control method utilizes the fuzzy logic. The combination of the aforementioned methods/algorithms of ESU application is named an integrated algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm was validated by multivariate computer simulations with the use of the real low-voltage grid model. The DIgSILENT PowerFactory environment was employed to develop the simulation model of the integrated algorithm. The proposal was utilized to improve the voltage level in the distribution grid and to install the optimal number of ESU. Based on daily load variations for selected load profiles, it was shown that after the ESU application the voltage deviations in the analyzed network were significantly limited. Moreover, the analysis proves that both the location of ESU in the grid and the control of their active and reactive power are important from the point of view of reducing overall costs.

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Operation and control of a stand-alone power system with integrated multiple renewable energy sources

Wind Engineering ◽

10.1177/0309524x211024126 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0309524X2110241

Author(s):

Nindra Sekhar ◽

Natarajan Kumaresan

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Solar Pv ◽

Power Requirement ◽

Squirrel Cage ◽

Hysteresis Controller ◽

Squirrel Cage Induction Generator ◽

And Control

To overcome the difficulties of extending the main power grid to isolated locations, this paper proposes the local installation of a combination of three renewable energy sources, namely, a wind driven DFIG, a solar PV unit, a biogas driven squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG), and an energy storage battery system. In this configuration one bi-directional SPWM inverter at the rotor side of the DFIG controls the voltage and frequency, to maintain them constant on its stator side, which feeds the load. The PV-battery also supplies the load, through another inverter and a hysteresis controller. Appropriately adding a capacitor bank and a DSTATCOM has also been considered, to share the reactive power requirement of the system. Performance of various modes of operation of this coordinated scheme has been studied through simulation. All the results and relevant waveforms are presented and discussed to validate the successful working of the proposed system.

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Electric energy storage units for distributed energy systems

Power and Autonomous equipment ◽

10.32464/2618-8716-2019-2-4-219-230 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 219-230

Author(s):

P. A. Khlyupin

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Storage ◽

Energy Efficient ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Electric Energy ◽

Electric Machines ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Storage Unit ◽

Electric Energy Storage ◽

Storage Units

Introduction: there is much concern about power supply to small and remote villages and industrial facilities, such as crude oil and gas fields, in the present-day power industry. Systems using renewable energy sources are the most innovative solutions to this problem. The need for electric energy storage units complicates the use of renewable energy sources. Versatile types of storage units, working on different principles, are in use now. Flywheels, working on the principle of mechanical accumulation of energy, are of particular interest.Methods: both traditional and advanced designs of electric energy accumulation systems are analyzed in the article. Recent advancements in machine building, power engineering and structural materials are contributed into structural elements of an electric energy accumulation system.Results and discussion: basic strengths and weaknesses of electric energy storage units were identified in the course of the analysis. The author substantiated the need for new effective electric energy storage units working on the principle of mechanical accumulation of potential and kinetic energy. The conclusion is that advanced engineering solutions, such as flywheels and energy efficient reversible electric machines, can boost the efficiency of electric power storage systems. The solution underlying the design of an energy efficient storage unit is offered to electric power industry players.Conclusion: the storage unit under development has flywheels and energy efficient reversible electric machines. It improves the energy efficiency of both classical power generation systems and those using renewable energy sources.

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Modeling and Control of Grid-Connected Solar-Wind Hybrid Micro-Grid System with Multiple-Input Ćuk DC-DC Converter for Household & High Power Applications

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.58.191 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 191-224

Author(s):

Peter Anuoluwapo Gbadega ◽

Olufunke Abolaji Balogun

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Energy Storage ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Maximum Power ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Modeling And Control ◽

Multiple Input ◽

Micro Grid ◽

And Control

There is a continuous global need for more energy, which must be cleaner than energy produced from the conventional generation technologies. As such, this need has necessitated the increasing penetration of distributed generation technologies and primarily on renewable energy sources. This paper presents a dynamic modeling and control strategy for a sustainable micro-grid, principally powered by multiple renewable energy sources (solar energy, wind energy and Fuel cell), micro sources (such as diesel generator, micro-gas turbine etc.) and energy storage scheme. More importantly, a current-source-interface, multiple-input dc-dc converter is utilized to coordinate the sustainable power sources to the main dc bus. Thus, for tracking maximum power available in solar energy, maximum power point tracking algorithm is applied. The proposed system is designed to meet load demand, manage power flow from various sources, inject excess power into the grid, and charge the battery from the grid as needed. More so, the proposed converter architecture has reduced number of power conversion stages with less component count, and reduced losses compared to existing grid-connected hybrid systems. This improves the efficiency and reliability of the system. The utilization of energy storage is essential owing to the intermittent nature of the renewable energy sources and the consequent peak power shift between the sources and the load. Following this further, a supervisory control system is designed to handle various changes in power supply and power demand by managing power intermittency, power peak shaving, and long-term energy storage. The entire hybrid system is described given along with comprehensive simulation results that reveal the feasibility of the whole scheme. The system model is designed and simulated in MATLAB SimPowerSystem in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

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Optimal Power Flow Techniques under Characterization of Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources: A Comprehensive Analysis

Journal of Engineering ◽

10.1155/2017/9539506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Baseem Khan ◽

Pawan Singh

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Power Flow ◽

Optimal Power Flow ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Reactive Power Optimization ◽

Optimal Power ◽

And Control

The exhaustive knowledge of optimal power flow (OPF) methods is critical for proper system operation and planning, since OPF methods are utilized for finding the optimal state of any system under system constraint conditions, such as loss minimization, reactive power limits, thermal limits of transmission lines, and reactive power optimization. Incorporating renewable energy sources optimized the power flow of system under different constraints. This work presents a comprehensive study of optimal power flows methods with conventional and renewable energy constraints. Additionally, this work presents a progress of optimal power flow solution from its beginning to its present form. Authors classify the optimal power flow methods under different constraints condition of conventional and renewable energy sources. The current and future applications of optimal power flow programs in smart system planning, operations, sensitivity calculation, and control are presented. This study will help the engineers and researchers to optimize power flow with conventional and renewable energy sources.

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