Life Cycle Air Emissions and Social Human Health Impact Assessment of Liquified Natural Gas Maritime Transport

Air pollution, which causes over seven million deaths per year, is the most significant and specifically related to health impacts. Nearly 90% of the urban population worldwide is exposed to pollution not meeting the World Health Organization guidelines for air quality. Many atmospheric carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter emitting sources, such as inefficient energy and polluting transportation, directly impact health. Natural gas maritime transport from various parts of the world (carbon supplied to consuming areas) has become more critical. Natural gas liquefaction offers a cleaner and more efficient transportation option and also increases its storage capacity. It is expected that natural gas will reduce the human health impact compared with other traditional fuels consumed. This research establishes a life cycle assessment model of air emission and social human health impact related to LNG maritime transport to investigate the impact of each type of fuel used for the numerous maritime carriers. In order to build a model for air emissions and social human health impact assessments based on hypotheses on various unknown criteria, a calculation model is used. The results revealed Conventional-2 fuel type has the lowest human health impact for annual mode calculations, followed by Conventional-1, Q-Max, and finally Q-Flex. The analysis method for the per year demonstrated discrepancies in the relative human health impact due to the variation of the annual LNG demand by each destination and not only per the trip needs. The results show the importance of using a relatively cleaner fuel type such as Conventional-2 in reducing the health impact of LNG maritime transportation. Moreover, it shows differences in the air emissions as well as the human health impact based on the destination’s location and annual LNG demand.

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Environmental and human health impact of different powertrain passenger cars in a life cycle perspective. A focus on health risk and oxidative potential of particulate matter components

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150171 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 150171

Author(s):

Federico Sisani ◽

Francesco Di Maria ◽

Daniela Cesari

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Impact ◽

Passenger Cars ◽

Oxidative Potential ◽

Human Health Impact ◽

Life Cycle Perspective ◽

Particulate Matter Components

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Assessment of human health impact based on life cycle assessment: A case study of Thai retread tire

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/773/1/012038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 773 ◽

pp. 012038

Author(s):

W Ounsaneha ◽

T Buadit ◽

C Rattanapan

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Impact ◽

Human Health Impact

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Confronting environmental pressure, environmental quality and human health impact indicators of priority air emissions

Atmospheric Environment ◽

10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.12.002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

pp. 1613-1621 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Loes M.J. Geelen ◽

Mark A.J. Huijbregts ◽

Henri den Hollander ◽

Ad M.J. Ragas ◽

Hans. A. van Jaarsveld ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Health Impact ◽

Air Emissions ◽

Environmental Pressure ◽

Human Health Impact ◽

Impact Indicators

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Comparative Human Health Impact Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Framework of Life Cycle Assessment

Risk Analysis ◽

10.1111/risa.12703 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. 1358-1374 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wouter Fransman ◽

Harrie Buist ◽

Eelco Kuijpers ◽

Tobias Walser ◽

David Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Impact Assessment ◽

Health Impact ◽

Engineered Nanomaterials ◽

Human Health Impact

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The Impact of Automobile Tires on the Environment from the Period of Raw Materials to the Disposal of Them

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.c4473.098319 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1929-1931

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Human Health ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Health Impact ◽

Processing Methods ◽

Human Health Impact ◽

The Press ◽

The Impact ◽

Automobile Tires

In this article, all stages on the life cycle of automobile tires and technical ISO standards are used to assess. One of the life cycle of the use of tires, this time allocated to chemical and mechanical connections. Developing countries account the amount of tires in the press and processing methods, as well as used tires on the environment and human health impact of information.

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A Novel Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Air Emissions and Human Health Impacts of Liquefied Natural Gas Supply Chain

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14196278 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 6278

Author(s):

Hussein Al-Yafei ◽

Murat Kucukvar ◽

Ahmed AlNouss ◽

Saleh Aseel ◽

Nuri C. Onat

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Impact ◽

Health Impacts ◽

Air Emissions ◽

The Social ◽

Human Health Impacts ◽

Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment

Global interest in LNG products and supply chains is growing, and demand continues to rise. As a clean energy source, LNG can nevertheless emit air pollutants, albeit at a lower level than transitional energy sources. An LNG plant capable of producing up to 126 MMTA was successfully developed and simulated in this study. A hybrid life cycle assessment model was developed to examine the social and human health impacts of the LNG supply chain’s environmental air emission formation. The Multiregional Input–Output (MRIO) database, the Aspen HYSYS model, and the LNG Maritime Transportation Emission Quantification Tool are the key sources of information for this extensive novel study. We began our research by grouping environmental emissions sources according to the participation of each stage in the supply chain. The MDEA Sweetening plant, LNG loading (export terminal), and LNG transportation stages were discovered to have the maximum air emissions. The midpoint air emissions data estimated each stage’s CO2-eq, NOx-eq, and PM2.5-eq emissions per unit LNG generated. According to the midpoint analysis results, the LNG loading terminal has the most considerable normalized CO2-eq and NOx-eq emission contribution across all LNG supply chain stages. Furthermore, the most incredible intensity value for normalized PM2.5-eq was recorded in the SRU and TGTU units. Following the midpoint results, the social human health impact findings were calculated using ReCiPe 2016 characterization factors to quantify the daily loss of life associated with the LNG process chain. SRU and TGTU units have the most significant social human health impact, followed by LNG loading (export terminal) with about 7409.0 and 1203.9 (DALY/million Ton LNG produced annually), respectively. Natural gas extraction and NGL recovery and fractionation units are the lowest for social human health consequences.

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