scholarly journals Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis Working toward Zero-Waste and Its Indication to Low Carbon City Development

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6644
Author(s):  
Ruixi Zhao ◽  
Lu Sun ◽  
Xiaolong Zou ◽  
Yi Dou
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
City Development ◽  
Zero Waste ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Waste Sector

Low carbon city development and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission mitigation in urban communities are urgent. There is great potential to improve the GHG inventory at the community level. Meanwhile, building zero-waste cities and improving waste treatment efficiency have been significant environmental issues due to the rapid increase of waste generation. This research aims to develop a community-scale GHG emission inventory of the waste sector and improve its accuracy and consistency through applying the bottom-up approach. This study covers both direct and indirect emissions categories of the waste sector with the goal of building a zero-waste community. Honjo Waseda community, located in Japan, was used as a case study community. Energy consumption waste treatment sectors were evaluated and calculated through first-hand field data. GHG emission estimation of the waste sector included waste incineration, residential wastewater, and waste transport. The highest emissions originated from Beisiagate supermarket due to the large waste amount produced, and the CO2-biomass carbon emissions reached approximately 50% of the total emissions. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis of the implementation of new technologies was also conducted. This study created proposals for GHG emission reduction toward a zero-waste community through the comparison of three cases. Case 1 was business as usual; Case 2 proposed a combination of incineration bio-gasification (MBT); Case 3 introduced a combination of solid recovered fuel (SRF) and a bio-gasification system. SRF contributed the most to emission reduction, and Case 3 exhibited the highest energy recovery. Furthermore, comparing the GHG emissions produced by the use of SRF for power generation and heat supply revealed that using SRF as a heat supply reduced more GHG emissions than using SRF for power generation.

Costs and Benefits of the Transition to Low-carbon Economyin Russia: Perspectives up to 2050

2014 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bashmakov ◽  
A. Myshak
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Emissions Mitigation ◽  
Very High

This paper investigates costs and benefits associated with low-carbon economic development pathways realization to the mid XXI century. 30 scenarios covering practically all “visions of the future” were developed by several research groups based on scenario assumptions agreed upon in advance. It is shown that with a very high probability Russian energy-related GHG emissions will reach the peak before 2050, which will be at least 11% below the 1990 emission level. The height of the peak depends on portfolio of GHG emissions mitigation measures. Efforts to keep 2050 GHG emissions 25-30% below the 1990 level bring no GDP losses. GDP impact of deep GHG emission reduction - by 50% of the 1990 level - varies from plus 4% to minus 9%. Finally, very deep GHG emission reduction - by 80% - may bring GDP losses of over 10%.

Formulation of Low-Carbon City Development Roadmap: Technical Elements and Recommendations

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1750023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiyang ZHUANG ◽  
Zhen'ge ZHOU
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
National Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
City Development ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Derivative Function ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Low Carbon City

Promoting low-carbon development (LCD) is one of the basic requirements of building new-type urbanization with Chinese characteristics. Research on the formulation of low-carbon city development roadmap (hereinafter referred to as the “Roadmap”) is a necessity for systematic control of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and the construction of low-carbon cities. Based on the actual conditions of cities as well as the regional and national development strategies, the Roadmap panoramically describes the strategic objectives, development plans, and key sectors' initiatives for the transformation of city development through planning techniques and solutions. Generally, the formulation of a low-carbon roadmap involves six steps: understanding the present situation of GHG emissions; analyzing the future emission scenarios; setting LCD targets; developing action plans for key sectors; assessing mitigation potential of low-carbon technologies/projects; and proposing measures for implementation. This paper, based on the practical experience in low-carbon city roadmap development and the needs of divisional management, establishes an analytical structure of GHG inventory for seven sectors, so as to link the key sectors for LCD, namely the seven major sectors for emissions reduction proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Moreover, this paper integrates sectorial (industrial) low-carbon technology needs assessment (TNA) into the formulation of the Roadmap. It also provides several recommendations for better incorporating the two methods into the Roadmap: firstly, to strengthen the core function of GHG inventory by enhanced accounting quality and scientific and systematic analysis of the temporal and sectorial distribution of GHG emissions so as to serve the Roadmap formulation and decision-making. Secondly, to reinforce the derivative function of GHG inventory that serves the LCD planning, assessment, and decision-making by improving the quality and continuity of GHG inventory. Thirdly, to develop the derivative function of GHG inventory by integrating the improved GHG inventory and TNA into the formulation of the Roadmap.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN ELECTRICITY AND TRANSPORT SECTORS BASED ON CARBON INTENSITY AND COSTS

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Štreimikienė
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Energy Technologies

The aim of the paper is to address the EU policy for achieving low carbon economy by assessing energy technologies in electricity and road transport sector based on costs and impact on climate change and to indicate the most competitive electricity and transport technologies taking into account EU policy targets in GHG emission reduction, utilization of renewable and energy efficiency improvements. The main tasks of the paper are: to develop the multi-criteria framework for comparative assessment of energy technologies by applying MCDM methods for the electricity generation and transport technologies assessment. The interval TOPSIS method is employed in order to tackle the uncertain criteria. The assessment framework allows the comparison of electricity generation technologies and road transport technologies in terms of their GHG emission reduction and economic impacts and facilitates decision making process in energy sector seeking to implement EU energy policies. The main indicators selected for technologies assessment are: private costs and life cycle GHG emissions. The ranking of energy technologies based on private costs and GHG emissions allowed prioritizing these technologies taking into account the lowest GHG emission reduction costs.

scholarly journals Measurement and Enhancement of Environmental Responsibility Level of an Energy Enterprise in the Context of Energy Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shanshan Hou ◽  
Liang Tang ◽  
Jiuyang Xue ◽  
Jingnan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Environmental Responsibility ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Transformation ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
Company Limited

Energy transformation requires energy producers to pursue energy conservation and emission reduction, control greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and produce and supply clean low-carbon energy. Based on the principle of balanced scorecard, this paper selects the data on China Shenhua Energy Company Limited (China Shenhua) of 2015–2019, systematically analyzes the influence of energy transformation on environmental protection effect of energy enterprises, and measures the environmental responsibility level (ERL). The results show that, in the context of energy transformation, Chine Shenhua always attaches great importance to ecoenvironment protection, vigorously develops clean, safe, and efficient energy, implements key tasks like green mine construction and ultra-low emission upgrading, promotes pollution control and ecoenvironment governance, takes measures of energy conservation and emission reduction, and continuously steps up the level of carbon emissions control, thereby steadily improving ecological civilization.

scholarly journals Abatement cost for selectivity negative emissions technology in power plant Indonesia with aim/end-use model

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Z D Nurfajrin ◽  
B Satiyawira
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
End Use

Abstract The Indonesian government has followed up the Paris Agreement with Law No. 16 of 2016 by setting an ambitious emission reduction target of 29% by 2030, and this figure could even increase to 41% if supported by international assistance. In line with this, mitigation efforts are carried out in the energy sector. Especially in the energy sector, it can have a significant impact when compared to other sectors due to an increase in energy demand, rapid economic growth, and an increase in living standards that will push the rate of emission growth in the energy sector up to 6. 7% per year. The bottom-up AIM/end-use energy model can select the technologies in the energy sector that are optimal in reducing emissions and costs as a long-term strategy in developing national low-carbon technology. This model can use the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) approach to evaluate the potential for GHG emission reductions by adding a certain amount of costs for each selected technology in the target year compared to the reference technology in the baseline scenario. In this study, three scenarios were used as mitigation actions, namely CM1, CM2, CM3. The Abatement Cost Curve tools with an assumed optimum tax value of 100 USD/ton CO2eq, in the highest GHG emission reduction potential, are in the CM3 scenario, which has the most significant reduction potential, and the mitigation costs are not much different from other scenarios. For example, PLTU – supercritical, which can reduce a significant GHG of 37.39 Mtoe CO2eq with an emission reduction cost of -23.66 $/Mtoe CO2eq.

How to Lead Low-Carbon City Construction Development by Low Carbon Ideology

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 3202-3206
Author(s):  
Xiao Li Fan
Keyword(s):  
Space Structure ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
City Development ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Architecture Framework ◽  
City Construction ◽  
Low Carbon City ◽  
Climate Crisis

Climate crisis has become the main concern of International community. China is undergoing the quick growing period of urbanization. The fast urbanization inevitably encountered a lot of problems and defects. Our carbon emission occupy more and more percentage of the whole world. To change the traditional way of constructing activity and work towards low-carbon city development mode is the most important task of China city development. From the causes of low carbon cities construction and its significance, this essay focuses on the space structure, traffic mode, land use and landscape architecture framework of constructing a low-carbon city. Low carbon urban construction planning is also presented.

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