scholarly journals Carbon-Negative Hydrogen Production (HyBECCS) from Organic Waste Materials in Germany: How to Estimate Bioenergy and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Potential

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7741
Author(s):  
Johannes Full ◽  
Mathias Trauner ◽  
Robert Miehe ◽  
Alexander Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Negative Emissions

Hydrogen derived from biomass feedstock (biohydrogen) can play a significant role in Germany’s hydrogen economy. However, the bioenergy potential and environmental benefits of biohydrogen production are still largely unknown. Additionally, there are no uniform evaluation methods present for these emerging technologies. Therefore, this paper presents a methodological approach for the evaluation of bioenergy potentials and the attainable environmental impacts of these processes in terms of their carbon footprints. A procedure for determining bioenergy potentials is presented, which provides information on the amount of usable energy after conversion when applied. Therefore, it elaborates a four-step methodical conduct, dealing with available waste materials, uncertainties of early-stage processes, and calculation aspects. The bioenergy to be generated can result in carbon emission savings by substituting fossil energy carriers as well as in negative emissions by applying biohydrogen production with carbon capture and storage (HyBECCS). Hence, a procedure for determining the negative emissions potential is also presented. Moreover, the developed approach can also serve as a guideline for decision makers in research, industry, and politics and might also serve as a basis for further investigations such as implementation strategies or quantification of the benefits of biohydrogen production from organic waste material in Germany.

Waste materials for carbon capture and storage by mineralisation (CCSM) – A UK perspective

2012 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aimaro Sanna ◽  
Marco Dri ◽  
Matthew R. Hall ◽  
Mercedes Maroto-Valer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals The role of negative emissions in meeting China’s 2060 carbon neutrality goal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Fuhrman ◽  
Andres F Clarens ◽  
Haewon McJeon ◽  
Pralit Patel ◽  
Yang Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Carbon Neutrality ◽  
Net Zero ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Air Capture

Abstract China’s pledge to reach carbon neutrality before 2060 is an ambitious goal and could provide the world with much-needed leadership on how to limit warming to +1.5°C warming above preindustrial levels by the end of the century. But the pathways that would achieve net zero by 2060 are still unclear, including the role of negative emissions technologies. We use the Global Change Analysis Model to simulate how negative emissions technologies, in general, and direct air capture (DAC) in particular, could contribute to China’s meeting this target. Our results show that negative emissions could play a large role, offsetting on the order of 3 GtCO2 per year from difficult-to-mitigate sectors, such as freight transportation and heavy industry. This includes up to a 1.6 GtCO2 per year contribution from DAC, constituting up to 60% of total projected negative emissions in China. But DAC, like bioenergy with carbon capture and storage and afforestation, has not yet been demonstrated anywhere approaching the scales required to meaningfully contribute to climate mitigation. Deploying NETs at these scales will have widespread impacts on financial systems and natural resources, such as water, land and energy in China.

scholarly journals Decarbonising Industry via BECCS: Promising Sectors, Challenges, and Techno-economic Limits of Negative Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Tanzer ◽  
K. Blok ◽  
A. Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Biomass Supply ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Near Term

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews recent literature on the combined use of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in the industries of steel, cement, paper, ethanol, and chemicals, focusing on estimates of potential costs and the possibility of achieving “negative emissions”. Recent Findings Bioethanol is seen as a potential near-term source of negative emissions, with CO2 transport as the main cost limitation. The paper industry is a current source of biogenic CO2, but complex CO2 capture configurations raise costs and limit BECCS potential. Remuneration for stored biogenic CO2 is needed to incentivise BECCS in these sectors. BECCS could also be used for carbon–neutral production of steel, cement, and chemicals, but these will likely require substantial incentives to become cost-competitive. While negative emissions may be possible from all industries considered, the overall CO2 balance is highly sensitive to biomass supply chains. Furthermore, the resource intensity of biomass cultivation and energy production for CO2 capture risks burden-shifting to other environmental impacts. Summary Research on BECCS-in-industry is limited but growing, and estimates of costs and environmental impacts vary widely. While negative emissions are possible, transparent presentation of assumptions, system boundaries, and results is needed to increase comparability. In particular, the mixing of avoided emissions and physical storage of atmospheric CO2 creates confusion of whether physical negative emissions occur. More attention is needed to the geographic context of BECCS-in-industry outside of Europe, the USA, and Brazil, taking into account local biomass supply chains and CO2 storage siting, and minimise burden-shifting.

scholarly journals The Potential for Ocean-Based Climate Action: Negative Emissions Technologies and Beyond

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gattuso ◽  
Phillip Williamson ◽  
Carlos M. Duarte ◽  
Alexandre K. Magnan
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Ocean Productivity ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Climate Action ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
And Storage

The effectiveness, feasibility, duration of effects, co-benefits, disbenefits, cost effectiveness and governability of four ocean-based negative emissions technologies (NETs) are assessed in comparison to eight other ocean-based measures. Their role in revising UNFCCC Parties' future Nationally Determined Contributions is discussed in the broad context of ocean-based actions for both mitigation and ecological adaptation. All measures are clustered in three policy-relevant categories (Decisive, Low Regret, Concept Stage). None of the ocean-based NETs assessed are identified as Decisive at this stage. One is Low Regret (Restoring and increasing coastal vegetation), and three are at Concept Stage, one with low to moderate potential disbenefits (Marine bioenergy with carbon capture and storage) and two with potentially high disbenefits (Enhancing open-ocean productivity and Enhancing weathering and alkalinization). Ocean-based NETs are uncertain but potentially highly effective. They have high priority for research and development.

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