scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Low-Grade Heat Utilization Methods for Thermal Power Plants with Back-Pressure Steam Turbines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8519
Author(s):  
Nikolay Rogalev ◽  
Vladimir Kindra ◽  
Ivan Komarov ◽  
Sergey Osipov ◽  
Olga Zlyvko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Back Pressure ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Steam Production

Thermal power plants (TPPs) with back-pressure steam turbines (BPSTs) were widely used for electricity and steam production in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) due to their high efficiency. The collapse of the USSR in 1991 led to a decrease in industrial production, as a result of which, steam production in Russia was reduced and BPSTs were left without load. To resume the operation of TPPs with BPSTs, it is necessary to modernize the existing power units. This paper presents the results of the thermodynamic analysis of different methods of modernization of TPPs with BPSTs: the superstructure of the steam low-pressure turbine (LPT) and the superstructure of the power unit operating on low-boiling-point fluid. The influence of ambient temperature on the developed cycles’ efficiency was evaluated. It was found that the usage of low-boiling-point fluid is thermodynamically efficient for an ambient temperature lower than 7 °C. Moreover, recommendations for the choice of reconstruction method were formulated based on technical assessments.

Detection of Machinery Failure Signs From Big Time-Series Data Obtained by Flow Simulation of Intermediate-Pressure Steam Turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Komatsu ◽  
Hironori Miyazawa ◽  
Cheng Yiran ◽  
Masayuki Sato ◽  
Takashi Furusawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
The Status

Abstract The periodic maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) of turbine blades in thermal power plants are essential to maintain a stable power supply. During MRO, older and less-efficient power plants are put into operation, which results in wastage of additional fuels. Such a situation forces thermal power plants to work under off-design conditions. Moreover, such an operation accelerates blade deterioration, which may lead to sudden failure. Therefore, a method for avoiding unexpected failures needs to be developed. To detect the signs of machinery failures, the analysis of time-series data is required. However, data for various blade conditions must be collected from actual operating steam turbines. Further, obtaining abnormal or failure data is difficult. Thus, this paper proposes a classification approach to analyze big time-series data alternatively collected from numerical results. The time-series data from various normal and abnormal cases of actual intermediate-pressure steam-turbine operation were obtained through numerical simulation. Thereafter, useful features were extracted and classified using K-means clustering to judge whether the turbine is operating normally or abnormally. The experimental results indicate that the status of the blade can be appropriately classified. By checking data from real turbine blades using our classification results, the status of these blades can be estimated. Thus, this approach can help decide on the appropriate timing for MRO.

Detection of Machinery Failure Signs From Big Time-Series Data Obtained by Flow Simulation of Intermediate-Pressure Steam Turbines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Komatsu ◽  
Hironori Miyazawa ◽  
Cheng Yiran ◽  
Masayuki Sato ◽  
Takashi Furusawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
The Status

Abstract The periodic maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) of turbine blades in thermal power plants are essential to maintain a stable power supply. During MRO, older and less-efficient power plants are put into operation, which results in wastage of additional fuels. Such a situation forces thermal power plants to work under off-design conditions. Moreover, such an operation accelerates blade deterioration, which may lead to sudden failure. Therefore, a method for avoiding unexpected failures needs to be developed. To detect the signs of machinery failures, the analysis of time-series data is required. However, data for various blade conditions must be collected from actual operating steam turbines. Further, obtaining abnormal or failure data is difficult. Thus, this paper proposes a classification approach to analyze big time-series data alternatively collected from numerical results. The time-series data from various normal and abnormal cases of actual intermediate-pressure steam-turbine operation were obtained through numerical simulation. Thereafter, useful features were extracted and classified using K-means clustering to judge whether the turbine is operating normally or abnormally. The experimental results indicate that the status of the blade can be appropriately classified. By checking data from real turbine blades using our classification results, the status of these blades can be estimated. Thus, this approach can help decide on the appropriate timing for MRO.

Steam turbines of the T-50/60-8.8, K-63-8.8, and Tp-100/110-8.8 types destined for modernization of thermal power plants with K-50-90 and K-100-90 turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ye. Valamin ◽  
A. Yu. Kultyshev ◽  
Yu. A. Sakhnin ◽  
M. V. Shekhter ◽  
M. Yu. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Turbines

Mechanism of Upgrading Low-Grade Solar Thermal Energy and Experimental Validation

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Hong ◽  
Hongguang Jin ◽  
Jun Sui ◽  
Jun Ji
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Middle Temperature

Solar thermochemical processes inherently included the conversion of solar thermal energy into chemical energy. In this paper, a new mechanism of upgrading the energy level of solar thermal energy at around 200°C was revealed based on the second law thermodynamics and was then experimentally proven. An expression was derived to describe the upgrading of the energy level from low-grade solar thermal energy to high-grade chemical energy. The resulting equation explicitly reveals the interrelations of energy levels between middle-temperature solar thermal energy and methanol fuel, and identifies the interactions of mean solar flux and the reactivity of methanol decomposition. The proposed mechanism was experimentally verified by using the fabricated 5kW prototype of the receiver∕reactor. The agreement between the theoretical and the experimental results proves the validity of the mechanism for upgrading the energy level of low-grade solar thermal energy by integrating clean synthetic fuel. Moreover, the application of this new middle-temperature solar∕methanol hybrid thermochemical process into a combined cycle is expected to have a net solar-to-electric efficiency of about 27.8%, which is competitive with other solar-hybrid thermal power plants using high-temperature solar thermal energy. The results obtained here indicate the possibility of utilizing solar thermal energy at around 200°C for electricity generation with high efficiency by upgrading the energy level of solar thermal energy, and provide an enhancement to solar thermal power plants with the development of this low-grade solar thermochemical technology in the near future.

In-service degradation of 20Kh13 steel for blades of steam turbines of thermal power plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Nykyforchyn ◽  
Yu. M. Tkachuk ◽  
O. Z. Student
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
20Kh13 Steel ◽  
Service Degradation

scholarly journals Ash From Thermal Power Plants as Secondary Raw Material

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladica Čudić ◽  
Dragica Kisić ◽  
Dragoslava Stojiljković ◽  
Aleksandar Jovović
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
Secondary Raw Material ◽  
The Republic

Ash From Thermal Power Plants as Secondary Raw MaterialThe basic characteristic of thermal power plants in the Republic of Serbia is that they use low-grade brown coal (lignite) as a fuel. Depending on the location of coal mines, lignite may have different properties such as heating value, moisture, and mineral content, resulting in different residue upon combustion. Because of several million tonnes of ash and slag generated every year, their granularmetric particle size distribution, and transport and disposal methods, these plants have a negative impact on the environment. According to the waste classification system in the Republic of Serbia, ash and slag from thermal power plants are classified as hazardous waste, but with an option of usability. The proposed revision of waste legislation in Serbia brings a number of simple and modern solutions. A procedure is introduced which allows for end-of-waste criteria to be set, clarifying the point where waste ceases to be waste, and thereby introducing regulatory relief for recycled products or materials that represent low risk for the environment. The new proposal refocuses waste legislation on the environmental impacts of the generation and management of waste, taking into account the life cycle of resources, and develops new waste prevention programmes. Stakeholders, as well as the general public, should have the opportunity to participate in the drawing up of the programmes, and should have access to them.

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