Ecotoxicity of In-Situ Produced Compost Intended for Landfill Restoration

Municipal solid waste (MSW) has become a matter of increasing global concern. Biological conversion is considered to be the most applicable disposal method, especially for the organic fraction of MSW. The aim of this study was to evaluate composting as a treatment method for the sustainable management and recycling of MSW and to test the ecotoxicity of the compost produced on the landfill surface. The ecotoxicity of the compost was investigated by means of a set of biological tests. The ecotoxicological impact of the compost was evaluated by plant growth tests with white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Plants were grown under controlled conditions for 21 days, in earthen pots, treated with MSW compost (MSWC) to study the effect of MSWC on plant biomass production. Sprouts and the number of growing plants occurring in the earthen pots were counted. The values obtained from three simultaneously conducted experiments were averaged and presented. Plants growing in the earthen pots with the compost exhibited increasing plant biomass while no changes were observed in their appearance; retarded growth or necrotic changes were not recorded. The ecotoxicity tests performed show that the analyzed compost produced in the composting plant situated on the landfill surface achieved high percentages of the germinating capacity of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds and can be therefore used in the subsequent reclamation of the landfill concerned.

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The Canopty Relationship of Pure and Mixed Populations of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.) and Wild Oats (Avena fatua L.)

Journal of Applied Ecology ◽

10.2307/2402456 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 589 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. A. Haizel

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Avena Fatua ◽

White Mustard ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Wild Oats ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Mixed Populations ◽

Relationship Of

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Relationship between various physiological and biochemical parameters activated by cadmium in Sinapis alba L. and Hordeum vulgare L.

Ecological Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.08.025 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

pp. 65-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Marianna Molnárová ◽

Agáta Fargašová

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

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Joint action of root-absorbed mixtures of auxin herbicides in Sinapis alba L. and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Weed Research ◽

10.1111/j.1365-3180.1987.tb00771.x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 337-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. C. STREIBIG

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Joint Action ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Auxin Herbicides

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Se(IV) phytotoxicity for monocotyledonae cereals (Hordeum vulgare L., Triticum aestivum L.) and dicotyledonae crops (Sinapis alba L., Brassica napus L.)

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.096 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 172 (2-3) ◽

pp. 854-861 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Marianna Molnárová ◽

Agáta Fargašová

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Brassica Napus ◽

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Sinapis Alba L

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Soil contamination in landfills: a case study of a landfill in Czech Republic

Solid Earth ◽

10.5194/se-7-239-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 239-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

D. Adamcová ◽

M. D. Vaverková ◽

S. Bartoň ◽

Z. Havlíček ◽

E. Břoušková

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Threshold Values ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Phytotoxicity Test ◽

Ecotoxicity Tests

Abstract. A phytotoxicity test was determined to assess ecotoxicity of landfill soil. Sinapis alba L. was used as a bioindicator of heavy metals. Soil samples 1–8, which were taken from the landfill body, edge of the landfill body, and its vicinity meet the limits for heavy metals Co, Cd, Pb, and Zn specified in the applicable legislation. Hg and Mn threshold values are not established in legislation, but values have been determined for the needs of the landfill operator. For heavy metals Cr, Cu, and Ni sample 2 exceeded the threshold values, which attained the highest values of all the samples tested for Cr, Cu, and Ni. For Cr and Ni the values were several times higher than values of the other samples. The second highest values for Cr, Cu, and Ni showed sample 6 and 7. Both samples exceeded the set limits. An increase in plant biomass was observed in plants growing on plates with soil samples, but no changes in appearance, slow growth, or necrotic lesions appeared. Ecotoxicity tests show that tested soils (concentration of 50 %) collected from the landfill body, edge of the landfill body, and its vicinity reach high percentage values of germination capacity of seeds of Sinapis alba L. (101–137 %). At a concentration of 25 %, tested soil samples exhibit lower values of germination capacity – in particular samples 3 to 8 – yet the seed germination capacity in all eight samples of tested soils ranges between 86 and 137 %.

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Soil contaminations in landfill: a case study of the landfill in Czech Republic

Solid Earth Discussions ◽

10.5194/sed-7-2927-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 2927-2952 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Adamcová ◽

M. D. Vaverková ◽

S. Bartoň ◽

Z. Havlíček ◽

E. Břoušková

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Germination Capacity ◽

Threshold Values ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Phytotoxicity Test ◽

Ecotoxicity Tests

Abstract. Phytotoxicity test was determined to assess ecotoxicity of landfill soil. Sinapis alba L. was used as heavy metals bioindicator. Soil samples 1–8, which were taken from the landfill body, edge of the landfill body and its vicinity meet the limits for heavy metals Co, Cd, Pb, and Zn specified in the applicable legislation. Hg and Mn threshold values are not established in legislation, but values have been determined for the needs of the landfill operator. For heavy metals Cr, Cu, and Ni sample 2 exceeded the threshold values, which attained the highest values of all the samples tested for Cr, Cu and Ni. For Cr and Ni the values were several times higher than values of the other samples. The second highest values for Cr, Cu, and Ni showed sample 6 and 7. Both samples exceeded the set limits. An increase in plant biomass was observed in plants growing on plates with soil samples, but no changes in appearance, slow growth or necrotic lesions appeared. Ecotoxicity tests show that tested soils (concentration of 50 %) collected from the landfill body, edge of the landfill body and its vicinity reach high percentage values of germination capacity of seeds of Sinapis alba L. (101–137 %). At a concentration of 25 %, tested soil samples exhibit lower values of germination capacity; in particular samples 3 to 8, yet the seed germination capacity in all 8 samples of tested soils range between 86 and 137 %.

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A talaj arzénterhelésének hatása a kísérleti növények arzéntartalmára nehézfémterheléses tartamkísérletben

Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok ◽

10.14232/jtgf.2017.3.119-125 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 119-125

Author(s):

László Szegedi ◽

Péter Tamás Nagy

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Medicago Sativa ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Sinapis Alba ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Sinapis Alba L ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Medicago Sativa L

Az 1994 őszén az Eszterházy Károly Egyetem Tass-pusztai Tangazdaságában csernozjom barna erdőtalajon szabadföldi kisparcellás nehézfémterheléses tartamkísérlet indult 8 elem (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) vízoldható sóival, 3 terhelési szinten (30, 90 és 270 kg elem/ha), 3 ismétlésben. Jelzönövényként 1998-ban borsó (Pisum sativum L.), 1999-ben silócirok (Sorghum bicolorL.), 2001-ben őszi árpa (Hordeum vulgare L.), 2002-ben fehérmustár (Sinapis alba L.), 2003- ban rostkender (Cannabis sativa L.) és 2005-ben lucerna (Medicago sativa L.) termesztésére került sor. A kísérlet során vizsgáltuk a talaj és a növények nehézfémtartalmát, amelynek ismeretében nyomon követhető a vizsgált elemek talajban való viselkedésének és talaj-növény rendszerben való mobilitásnak alakulása. Az arzén kifejezett depresszív hatása a kísérlet első két évében mutatkozott meg, a kísérlet további éveiben a vizsgált növények esetén mérséklődött, majd megszűnt. Az arzén a maximális terhelésnél sem dúsult a növényi szervekben, mindössze néhány növény vegetatív szerve mutatott némi akkumulációt. A kísérleti növények szemtermése védettnek bizonyult az arzénszennyezéssel szemben. A kísérleti eredmények alapján kijelenthető, hogy az arzén mozgása gátolt a talaj-növény rendszerben, mozgékonysága a kísérlet negyedik évétől jelentősen csökkent.

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