scholarly journals Variation in the Chemical Composition of Five Varieties of Curcuma longa Rhizome Essential Oils Cultivated in North Alabama

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
William N. Setzer ◽  
Lam Duong ◽  
Ambika Poudel ◽  
Srinivasa Rao Mentreddy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Traditional Herbal Medicine ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Chromatographic Techniques ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Bioactive Agents

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an important spice, particularly is Asian cuisine, and is also used in traditional herbal medicine. Curcuminoids are the main bioactive agents in turmeric, but turmeric essential oils also contain health benefits. Turmeric is a tropical crop and is cultivated in warm humid environments worldwide. The southeastern United States also possesses a warm humid climate with a growing demand for locally sourced herbs and spices. In this study, five different varieties of C. longa were cultivated in north Alabama, the rhizome essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation, and the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The major components in the essential oils were α-phellandrene (3.7–11.8%), 1,8-cineole (2.6–11.7%), α-zingiberene (0.8–12.5%), β-sesquiphellandrene (0.7–8.0%), ar-turmerone (6.8–32.5%), α-turmerone (13.6–31.5%), and β-turmerone (4.8–18.4%). The essential oil yields and chemical profiles of several of the varieties are comparable with those from tropical regions, suggesting that these should be considered for cultivation and commercialization in the southeastern United States.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Analysis of the Follicles of Four North American Magnolia Species

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schühly ◽  
Samir A. Ross ◽  
Zlatko Mehmedic ◽  
Nikolaus H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
North American ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Oil Analysis

The chemical composition of the essential oils obtained by steam distillation of fruits (follicles) of Magnolia fraseri Walt., M. tripetala L., M. acuminata L., and M. grandiflora L., collected in the Southeastern United States, were studied by GC/MS. A total of 35 out of 41 components were identified, most of which were monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Among the four investigated species, only few similarities in the compound patterns were found. The major constituents (> 10% of the essential oil) were found to be trans-nerolidol (20.0%) and 9-oxofarnesol (11.0%) in M. acuminata, β-pinene (26.3%) and β-myrcene (13.1%) in M. fraseri, β-elemene (12.2%) in M. grandiflora and bornyl acetate (17.0%), and β-caryophyllene (21.0%) and α-humulene in M. tripetala.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Therapeutic Effects of Essential Oils of Aniba Species from the Amazon: A Review

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1854
Author(s):  
Rafaela C. S. da Trindade ◽  
Júlia Karla A. M. Xavier ◽  
William N. Setzer ◽  
José Guilherme S. Maia ◽  
Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Amazonas State

Lauraceae families have great diversity in the world’s tropical regions and are represented mainly by aromatic shrubs and trees with significant production of essential oils (EOs). This work presents a review of the EO chemical profiles from specimens of Aniba, including their seasonal variations, geographical distributions, and biological activities in the Amazon biome. Based on the survey, 15 species were reviewed, representing 167 oil samples extracted from leaves, twig barks, and woods. Brazilian Amazon was the most representative geographic area in the number of specimens, highlighting the locations Belém, (Pará state, PA) (3 spp., 37 samples), Santarém (PA) (3 spp., 10 samples), Carajás (PA) (3 spp., 7 samples), and Manaus (Amazonas state, AM) (3 spp., 16 samples). The main compound classes identified in oils were benzenoids and phenylpropanoids, represented by 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate and methyleugenol, along with terpenoids, especially monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, such as linalool, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, β-selinene, and spathulenol. The EOs from Aniba showed considerable variation in the chemical profiles according to season and collection site. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the samples into two main groups according to chemical composition. This review highlights its comprehensive and up-to-date information on history, conservation, traditional uses, chemosystematics, pharmacological potential of Aniba species.

scholarly journals Comparative Response of Three Crop Species to Liming Several Soils of the Southeastern United States and of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-382
Author(s):  
Robert W. Pearson ◽  
Raúl Pérez-Escolar ◽  
F. Abruña ◽  
Zane F. Lund ◽  
E. J. Brenes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Comparative Response ◽  
General Response

Yield response of three plant species to liming was determined in pot tests using soils typical of the humid upland region of Puerto Rico and of the southeastern United States. Three general response patterns were observed, but they were not clearly related to either crop species or soil category: 1) Increasing yield with increasing soil pH to a maximum between 5 and 6, followed by little or no change at higher pH values; 2) no clear response; and 3) increasing yield with increasing pH to a maximum between 5 and 6, followed by a decrease at higher pH values. These results support the concept that satisfactory plant growth can be made on acid soils of tropical regions at somewhat lower pH levels than on soils of temperate regions. They also suggest that liming experience gained in temperate zones could be used with caution for acid soils of tropical regions.

Does Enhancing Mind Perception Affect Conspiracy Belief?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Noguera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Mind Perception ◽  
Mixed Anova ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Mind

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a novel mind perception manipulation. Mind perception is currently theorized to be an essential aspect of a number of human social psychological processes. Thus, a successful manipulation would allow for the causal study of those processes. This manipulation was created in an attempt to explore the downstream impact of mind perception on the endorsement of conspiracy theories. Conspiracy theories are steadily becoming more and more prominent in social discourse. Endorsement of conspiracy theories are beginning to show real world ramifications such as a danger to human health (e.g., in the anti-vaccination movement). A sample of college students (valid N = 53) from a large rural institution in the southeastern United States participated for course credit. These participants completed a mind perception pretest, were randomly assigned to either the manipulation in question (in which participants are asked to consider the ‘mind’ of several targets and write their thoughts about them) or the control condition, and then they completed a posttest. The mixed ANOVA revealed that the interaction term between Time and Condition was not significant. Because the manipulation did not work, other analyses were aborted, in accord with the pre-registration. My Discussion focuses on the procedures and potential shortcomings of this manipulation, in an effort to lay the groundwork for a successful one.

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