scholarly journals FODMAP Fingerprinting of Bakery Products and Sourdoughs: Quantitative Assessment and Content Reduction through Fermentation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Johannes Pitsch ◽  
Georg Sandner ◽  
Jakob Huemer ◽  
Maximilian Huemer ◽  
Stefan Huemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Fermentation Temperature ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) are associated with digestive disorders and with diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome. In this study, we determined the FODMAP contents of bread, bakery products, and flour and assessed the effectiveness of sourdough fermentation for FODMAP reduction. The fermentation products were analyzed to determine the DP 2–7 and DP >7 fructooligosaccharide (FOS) content of rye and wheat sourdoughs. FOSs were reduced by Acetobacter cerevisiae, Acetobacter okinawensis, Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, and Leuconostoc citreum to levels below those in rye (−81%; −97%) and wheat (−90%; −76%) flours. The fermentation temperature influenced the sourdough acetic acid to lactic acid ratios (4:1 at 4 °C; 1:1 at 10 °C). The rye sourdough contained high levels of beneficial arabinose (28.92 g/kg) and mannitol (20.82 g/kg). Our study contributes in-depth knowledge of low-temperature sourdough fermentation in terms of effective FODMAP reduction and concurrent production of desirable fermentation byproducts.

scholarly journals Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation of 28 Barley and 12 Oat Cultivars

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Tse ◽  
Daniel J. Wiens ◽  
Jianheng Shen ◽  
Aaron D. Beattie ◽  
Martin J. T. Reaney
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Oat Cultivars

As barley and oat production have recently increased in Canada, it has become prudent to investigate these cereal crops as potential feedstocks for alcoholic fermentation. Ethanol and other coproduct yields can vary substantially among fermented feedstocks, which currently consist primarily of wheat and corn. In this study, the liquified mash of milled grains from 28 barley (hulled and hull-less) and 12 oat cultivars were fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae to determine concentrations of fermentation products (ethanol, isopropanol, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, α-glycerylphosphorylcholine (α-GPC), and glycerol). On average, the fermentation of barley produced significantly higher amounts of ethanol, isopropanol, acetic acid, succinic acid, α-GPC, and glycerol than that of oats. The best performing barley cultivars were able to produce up to 78.48 g/L (CDC Clear) ethanol and 1.81 g/L α-GPC (CDC Cowboy). Furthermore, the presence of milled hulls did not impact ethanol yield amongst barley cultivars. Due to its superior ethanol yield compared to oats, barley is a suitable feedstock for ethanol production. In addition, the accumulation of α-GPC could add considerable value to the fermentation of these cereal crops.

scholarly journals Les altérations des vins par les bacteries acétiques et les bactéries lactiques

OENO One ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Lafon-Lafourcade ◽  
Pascal Ribéreau-Gayon
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
Wine Making

<p style="text-align: justify;">Acetic acid and lactic acid bacteria were present at all stages of wine making. A lower pH and a highter ethanol concentration limit the risks of alteration. During the conservation, a low temperature, good use of S0<sub>2</sub> and frequent checkings ensure control of bacterial growth and metabolism.</p>

Mo1559 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE BIDIRECTIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME AND ASTHMA: A METAANALYSIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-895
Author(s):  
Kanchana Myneedu ◽  
Gian M. Galura ◽  
Chelsey Bravenec ◽  
Max J. Schmulson Wasserman ◽  
Marc Zuckerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Ensiling corn silage with different levels of a multi-species lactic acid bacteria inoculant

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
H. Mohammadzadeh ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
G. R. Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Lactic Acid Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Aerobic Stability

A multi-species lactic acid bacterial inoculant (Lactisil maize, LM) was applied to whole-crop corn at different maturities in laboratory silos, to evaluate its effects on biochemical characteristics and aerobic stability. The corn crop was harvested at hard dough (HD, 253.1 g/DM kg), one-third milkline (ML, 293.7 g/DM kg) and one-third milkline with a killing frost (MLF, 297.6 g/DM kg). Crops were chopped to a 2.5-cm theoretical cut length, subsampled and treated with two levels of inoculant (LB1 = 1.5 × 105 cfu/g forage, LB2 = 3 × 105 cfu/g forage) or untreated (WO). The chemical composition of MLF crops was very similar to that of ML crops. However, lower (P < 0.01) numbers of lactic acid bacteria and higher numbers of yeast were enumerated in MLF than in ML crops. Higher percentages of DM and neutral detergent fibre and higher pH, but lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of water soluble carbohydrate and crude protein were measured in ML and MLF crops than in HD crops. Application of the inoculant increased (P < 0.01) concentrations of volatile fatty acids, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in silages. Lactic acid concentration increased (P < 0.01) in HD treatments with an increasing level of inoculant. In contrast, the highest (P < 0.01) lactic acid concentration was measured in LB1 treatment compared with WO and LB2 in ML and MLF silages. Silages prepared from ML and MLF crops had higher (P < 0.01) lactic and acetic acid concentrations but lower (P < 0.01) butyric acid concentrations than did those prepared from HD. The pH in LB1 and LB2 silages was higher (P < 0.01) than that measured in WO silages. Aerobic stability was not influenced by inoculant treatment but low-DM silages were more (P < 0.01) resistant to spoilage. Frost-killed corn crops had a good potential to produce well fermented silage. Using LM resulted in silages with slightly higher fermentation products but it failed to improve aerobic stability of silage after 120 days of ensiling. These results indicated that inoculation of corn crops with LM for a short-duration ensilage period cannot enhance aerobic stability of silages due to insufficient acetic acid production from lactic acid conversion.

scholarly journals Validation of a specific quality of life questionnaire for functional digestive disorders

Gut ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Chassany ◽  
P Marquis ◽  
B Scherrer ◽  
N W Read ◽  
T Finger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Digestive Disorders ◽  
Functional Digestive Disorders ◽  
Irritable Bowel

BACKGROUNDDyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome are suitable conditions for assessment of quality of life. Their similarities justify the elaboration of a single specific questionnaire for the two conditions.AIMSTo examine the process leading to the validation of the psychometric properties of the functional digestive disorders quality of life questionnaire (FDDQL).METHODSInitially, the questionnaire was given to 154 patients, to assess its acceptability and reproducibility, analyse its content, and reduce the number of items. Its responsiveness was tested during two therapeutic trials which included 428 patients. The questionnaire has been translated into French, English, and German. The psychometric validation study was conducted in France, United Kingdom, and Germany by 187 practitioners. A total of 401 patients with dyspepsia or irritable bowel syndrome, defined by the Rome criteria, filled in the FDDQL and generic SF-36 questionnaires.RESULTSThe structure of the FDDQL scales was checked by factorial analysis. Its reliability was expressed by a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.94. Assessment of its discriminant validity showed that the more severe the functional digestive disorders, the more impaired the quality of life (p<0.05). Concurrent validity was supported by the correlation found between the FDDQL and SF-36 questionnaire scales. The final version of the questionnaire contains 43 items belonging to eight domains.CONCLUSIONSThe properties of the FDDQL questionnaire, available in French, English, and German, make it appropriate for use in clinical trials designed to evaluate its responsiveness to treatment among patients with dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome.

The Urinary 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid and Plasma Nitric Oxide Levels in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Preliminary Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Yazar ◽  
K Büyükafpar ◽  
G Polat ◽  
C Pata ◽  
A Kanýk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Group 1

Background and Aims: Postprandial increase of 3-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been implicated in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There is evidence that nitric oxide (NO) may act as a mediator of 5-HT-evoked secretions in the colon. Our aim is to investigate the role of urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and plasma NO levels (with diarrhoea) in IBS patients. Methods: Nineteen (with constipation) IBS patients (group 1), 22 IBS patients (group 2) and 18 healthy controls (group 3) were included in the study. The diagnosis of IBS was made according to the Rome I Criteria. The urine was collected for determination of 5-HIAA and venous blood was collected from each subject for the measurement of plasma NO levels. Results: The levels of urinary 5-HIAA mmol/day and plasma NO mmol/l of group 1 (22,4±2,2 and 29,4±2 respectively) were significantly higher than group 3(14,2 ± 2,3 and 21,3 ± 2,1 respectively) (p =0,036 and p =0,019 respectively). The NO level of group 1 was also significantly higher than group 2(21,8 ± 1,9) (p = 0,021). The 5-HIAA level of group 1 was higher than group 2 (15,2, ± 2,1) and the difference was marginally significant (p = 0,055). There was no difference between group 2 and group 3 with respect to 5-HIAA and NO levels. Conclusions: The results of this preliminary study lend support to the involvement of 5-HT in some symptomatology of diarrhoea predominant IBS. Furthermore, NO may be one of the effector mediators of the 5-HT-induced symptoms in these patients.

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