improvement effect
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Author(s):  
Taeheon Lee ◽  
Chae-Bin Na ◽  
Dasom Kim ◽  
Hae Jung Han ◽  
Jongbok Yun ◽  
...  

Abstract. Objectives: To determine whether SNPs of osteoarthritis (OA)-related genes predict the effect of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum (CZ) extract in OA patients with OA. Subjects/methods: To analyze correlations between CZ extract effects in humans and their genotypes, 121 Korean patients with OA were recruited. Patients ingested 600 mg/day of the CZ extract GCWB106 (one tablet daily), including 250-mg CZ, or placebo (one tablet daily) for 12 weeks. Twenty SNPs were genotyped in 11 genes associated with OA pathogenesis, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and 9 genes involved in OA-related dietary intervention. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Korean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (K-WOMAC) were measured as indicators of GCWB106 effect. Statistical comparisons were performed using Kruskal-Wallis tests to identify associations between these scales and genotyped loci in patients with OA. Results: Three SNPs ( PPARG rs3856806, MMP13 rs2252070, and ZIP2 rs2234632) were significantly associated with the degree of change in VAS pain score. Homozygous CC genotype carriers of rs3856806, G allele carriers (GA or GG) of rs2252070, and T allele carriers (GT or TT) of rs2234632 showed lower VAS score (i.e., less severe symptoms) in the GCWB106 group (n=53) than the placebo group (n=57) (p=0.026, p=0.009, and p=0.025, respectively). Gene–gene interaction effects on GCWB106-mediated pain relief were then examined, and it was found that the addition of each genotype resulted in a greater decrease in VAS pain score in the GCWB106 group (p=0.0024) but not the placebo group (p=0.7734). Conclusions: These novel predictive markers for the pain-relieving effects of GCWB106 may be used in the personalized treatment of patients with OA.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Zeng ◽  
Yunhui Chen ◽  
Su Zhang ◽  
Huan Ren ◽  
Jialin Xia ◽  
...  

Methamphetamine (METH), an amphetamine-type psychostimulant, is highly abused worldwide. Chronic abuse of METH causes neurodegenerative changes in central dopaminergic neurons with numerous neuropsychiatric consequences. Neuronal apoptosis plays a critical role in METH-induced neurotoxicity and may provide promising pharmacological targets for preventing and treating METH addiction. In recent years, accumulating evidence has revealed that natural products may possess significant potentials to inhibit METH-evoked neuronal apoptosis. In this review, we summarized and analyzed the improvement effect of natural products on METH-induced neuronal apoptosis and their potential molecular mechanisms on modulating dopamine release, oxidative stress, mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptotic pathway, and neuroinflammation. Hopefully, this review may highlight the potential value of natural products in modulating METH-caused neuronal apoptosis and provide useful information for future research and developments of novel and efficacious pharmacotherapies in this field.


Polymers ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Traian Zaharescu ◽  
Carmen Mateescu

The EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer) hybrids with improved thermal and radiation strengths containing 1 and 5 phr of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (vinyl-POSS, Ov-POSS) and/or 2 phr of microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris (CV) and Spirulinaplatensis (SP)) powders were investigated in respect to their thermal stability after γ-irradiation. The material durability under accelerated degradation was qualified by chemiluminescence and gelation, which prove the contribution of inorganic filler and microalgae extracts on the increase of hybrid thermal stability, as well as the interaction between added components (POSS and CV or SP). The activation energies and the durabilities under accelerated degradation were calculated, indicating their suitable usage as appropriate materials in various applications. The reported results indicate the improvement effect of both microalgal powders on the oxidation strength, but the contribution of Spirulinaplatensis grabs attention on its efficient effects upon the prevention of degradation under accelerated aging conditions. The thermal performances of the tested EPDM based hybrids are remarkably ameliorated, if the certain formulation includes Ov-POSS (5 phr) and Spirulinaplatensis (2 phr), certifying its suitability for the pertinent applications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
Jae Ho Choi ◽  
Taekyun Shin ◽  
Myeong Seon Ryu ◽  
Hee-Jong Yang ◽  
Do-Youn Jeong ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-638
Author(s):  
Hye Jeong Koo ◽  
Ki Han Kwon

Purpose: This study intends to prove whether the efficacy already proven in the existing light therapy LED mask device is similarly exerted in the self-luminous LED sheet mask that does not require power.Methods: The experimental subjects of this study were women with an average age of 47.9 years, and the effect of improving 24-hour moisturizing lasting, skin elasticity, eye expression wrinkles, and facial (cheek) lifting was studied by prohibiting the use of cosmetics containing active ingredients that could affect the results and making them use an LED sheet type mask pack.Results: As a result of the experiment, the 24-hour moisturizing lasting power was 90.573% immediately after use and 37.384% after 24 hours, so it increased significantly (p<0.05), and skin elasticity was also increased by 7.087% immediately after use. After one week, it was increased significantly (p<0.025) to 11.181%. Expression wrinkles around the eyes were significantly reduced (p<0.05) to 1.621% immediately after use and 4.579% after 1 week of use. In the facial (cheek) lifting experiment, the cheek angle (°) was reduced to 2.065% immediately postuse compared to pre-use. Also, it was significantly decreased (p<0.05) with a result of 3.762% after 1 week of use, thus proving that the light therapy LED sheet mask is also effective for skin improvement.Conclusion: Using this research material as basic data, it is expected that various skincare products will be developed as well as mask packs with a simple and easy structure of effective light therapy.


2021 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
E. N. Shabolkina ◽  
N. V. Anisimkina

The development of bakery industry is possible due to the use of such non-traditional raw materials as durum wheat. The purpose of the current study was to estimate the effect of varietal traits of durum wheat when mixed with bread wheat according to the results of rheological parameters of dough, technological and bakery estimation of flour. There have been studied technological indicators of grain, rheological and physical parameters of dough, general bakery estimation. There has been established that the high gas-forming ability of durum wheat allows it to be used (30%) as bread wheat improver during baking. However, the positive effect was present not in all years of the study. There has been estimated an improvement effect due to mutual compensation of the missing components and complementarity of the bread and durum wheat varieties. There was found that in 2008, 2010 there was practically no improvement effect when durum wheat flour was added to the mixture in a ratio of 30:70%. There was established that in 2015 the maximum bread volume of 930 cm3 and a good bakery estimation (flat surface, oval shape, golden brown crust, as well as fine thin-walled porosity with elastic light crumb) were obtained by adding bread wheat varieties to durum wheat varieties, which during the year of the study there was formed weak grain (dilute of dough was 110 u.f.; valorigraphic number was 46 u.v.). In 2020, the varieties used in the mixtures of both spring bread and durum wheat were of high quality, and bakery estimation gave excellent indicators both in the control (the variety ‘Tulaykovskaya 108’ with 1300 cm3) and in the mixtures with 1140–1255 cm3; the appearance of bread and crumb in almost all variants had an excellent mark. The largest volume of bread, 1255 cm3, was obtained when the durum wheat variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ was added to the mixture. Adding durum wheat flour to the mixture in an amount of 30:70% when baking bread reduced its staleness by 6.5% relative to the control (bread wheat); bread remains fresh for a long time with an elastic, quickly regenerated crumb.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsong Wang ◽  
Chunxia Lu ◽  
Lan Zheng ◽  
Jun Zhang

Methamphetamine (MA) induced addiction and neuroinflammation has been implicated. Based on the neuroinflammation hypothesis, this study aims to investigate how exercise influences the craving of patients in MA withdrawal, and explore the mechanism of peripheral inflammation. A total of 90 patients in MA withdrawal were recruited. No difference was noted in the number of years of drug use and the frequency of drug use among patients, and the withdrawal time was within 2 months. The subjects were grouped based on the degree of craving induced by the cues: non-craving control group (NCC group), craving control group (CC group), and craving exercise group (CE group). The CE group was subjected to aerobic combined resistance training. Then, the ELISA method was used to detect plasma IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β concentrations; Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measurement of cue-induced cravings under Virtual Reality (VR) exposure (VR-VAS) and the Desires for Drug Questionnaire (DDQ) were used to assess cravings. Consequently, plasma IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, levels, and the VR-VAS and DDQ scores of MA withdrawal patients were significantly reduced after exercise. This study confirmed that 8 weeks of incremental load aerobic combined with resistance training reduces peripheral inflammation and significantly reduces the level of craving for MA.


Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3051
Author(s):  
Zhengcong Peng ◽  
Wenxu Feng ◽  
Guolin Cai ◽  
Dianhui Wu ◽  
Jian Lu

The purpose of this work was to study the enhancement effect of chitosan coating on inhibition of deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation by Litsea cubeba essential oil emulsion during malting. Firstly, the primary emulsion suitable for malting process was screened and the improvement effect of chitosan coating on the properties of primary emulsion was studied. On this basis, chitosan-based Litsea cubeba essential oil emulsion was applied to malting processing. The results showed that the primary emulsion of Litsea cubeba essential oil had good antifungal properties and a minimal effect on the germinability of barley compared with other primary emulsions. The addition of chitosan can improve the physical stability and antifungal ability of the emulsion and reduce the effect of the emulsion on barley germination. When 100 g of chitosan-based Litsea cubeba essential oil emulsion (40 mg/g) was applied to the malting process, the germination rate of barley was 87.7% and the DON concentration of finished malt was reduced to 690 μg/kg, which was 20.9% lower than that of the control. Meanwhile, the other indexes of malt produced by secondary emulsion treatment (after adding chitosan) increased significantly compared with those of malt produced by primary emulsion. This study was of great significance for the application of emulsion to inhibit the accumulation of mycotoxin during malting.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Liu ◽  
Dongqing Li ◽  
Feng Ming

Abstract As the foundation structure of highway engineering, the quality of the subgrade determines the service life of highway engineering. Under this condition, the filling soils are frequently improved for raising the stability of the subgrade. Proper utilization of lower-cost waste materials will reduce demand for natural materials and the cost of construction. In this study, the red Pisha sandstone (RPS) and carbide slag (CS) as green and sustainable materials to reinforce the silty clay. The improvement effect was evaluated through freeze-thaw cycles test, triaxial compression strength test, particle-size distribution test, X-ray diffraction test, and scanning electron microscopy test. The results indicated that the addition of 15wt.% RPS and 15wt.% CS increased about 136% of the triaxial compressive strength of silty clay. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the strength loss ratio and the deformation change slightly. It also has the excellent function of freezing and thawing resistance and shear strength. The key factors for the superior mechanical performance of RPS-CS stabilized silty clay are that more sand-size particles are beneficial to the hydration reactions of RPS and CS during the entire curing time, adequate flocculation and agglomeration of soil particles occurred. Many small-sized rounded and plate-like CSH gels filled most of the soils pores and isolated pores fractures became fewer in the samples, which produced a denser and less permeable material. The outcomes of this research will contribute to the utilization of red Pisha sandstone and carbide slag as a sustainable stabilizer in highway subgrade applications in seasonal frozen regions.


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