scholarly journals Ionosonde Data Analysis in Relation to the 2016 Central Italian Earthquakes

Geosciences ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ippolito ◽  
Loredana Perrone ◽  
Angelo De Santis ◽  
Dario Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Critical Frequency ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Critical Frequency Fof2 ◽  
Earthquake Predictions ◽  
Sporadic E Layer ◽  
Sporadic E ◽  
The Town ◽  
Different Parts

Ionospheric characteristics and crustal earthquakes that occurred in 2016 next to the town of Amatrice, Italy are studied together with the previous events that took place from 1984 to 2009 in Central Italy. The earthquakes with M larger than 5.5 and epicentral distances from the ionosonde less than 150 km were selected for the analysis. A multiparametric approach was applied using variations of sporadic E-layer parameters (the height and the transparency frequency) together with variations of the F2 layer critical frequency foF2 at the Rome ionospheric observatory. Only ionospheric data under quiet geomagnetic conditions were considered. The inclusion of new 2016 events has allowed us to clarify the earlier-obtained seismo-ionospheric empirical relationships linking the distance in space (km) and time (days) between the ionospheric anomaly and the impending earthquake, with its magnitude. The improved dependencies were shown to be similar to those obtained in previous studies in different parts of the world. The possibility of using the obtained relationships for earthquake predictions is discussed.

scholarly journals Ionospheric anomalies detected by ionosonde and possibly related to crustal earthquakes in Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Perrone ◽  
Angelo De Santis ◽  
Cristoforo Abbattista ◽  
Lucilla Alfonsi ◽  
Leonardo Amoruso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Ionospheric Station ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Sporadic E Layer ◽  
Sporadic E

Abstract. Ionosonde data and crustal earthquakes with magnitude M≥6.0 observed in Greece during the 2003–2015 period were examined to check if the relationships obtained earlier between precursory ionospheric anomalies and earthquakes in Japan and central Italy are also valid for Greek earthquakes. The ionospheric anomalies are identified on the observed variations of the sporadic E-layer parameters (h′Es, foEs) and foF2 at the ionospheric station of Athens. The corresponding empirical relationships between the seismo-ionospheric disturbances and the earthquake magnitude and the epicentral distance are obtained and found to be similar to those previously published for other case studies. The large lead times found for the ionospheric anomalies occurrence may confirm a rather long earthquake preparation period. The possibility of using the relationships obtained for earthquake prediction is finally discussed. Keywords. Ionosphere (Ionospheric disturbances)

scholarly journals Ionospheric transients observed at mid-latitudes prior to earthquake activity in Central Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nenovski ◽  
Ch. Spassov ◽  
M. Pezzopane ◽  
U. Villante ◽  
M. Vellante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Critical Frequency ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Earthquake Activity ◽  
Acoustic Gravity Waves ◽  
F Region ◽  
E Region ◽  
Sporadic E ◽  
Layer Development

Abstract. Ionograms from Rome (41.8N, 12.5E) and Sofia (42.4N, 23.2E) ionospheric stations during earthquake (EQ) activity with magnitude (M) between 5 and 6 in Central Italy are analyzed. It is found that several ionospheric disturbances occur in the intermediate E-F region before the EQ shock. In fact, besides sporadic E (Es) layer development (of type h) of short duration (transients), fmin increase, trace gaps near the critical frequencies, and E region trace disappearance are also observed within one to three hours before the EQ shock. Before the EQ shocks we find that the F2 region parameters are practically undisturbed. The only exception is the so-called fork trace that appears mostly near the critical frequency of the F2 region. Acoustic gravity waves (AGW) are suggested as one of the possible sources of transients observed in the ionosphere before the EQ shock.

scholarly journals Ionospheric precursors for crustal earthquakes in Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Perrone ◽  
L. P. Korsunova ◽  
A. V. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Magnitude ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Ionospheric Disturbances ◽  
Preparation Process ◽  
Earthquake Preparation ◽  
Crustal Earthquakes ◽  
Ionospheric Station ◽  
Preparation Period ◽  
Sporadic E Layer ◽  
Sporadic E

Abstract. Crustal earthquakes with magnitude 6.0>M≥5.5 observed in Italy for the period 1979–2009 including the last one at L'Aquila on 6 April 2009 were considered to check if the earlier obtained relationships for ionospheric precursors for strong Japanese earthquakes are valid for the Italian moderate earthquakes. The ionospheric precursors are based on the observed variations of the sporadic E-layer parameters (h'Es, fbEs) and foF2 at the ionospheric station Rome. Empirical dependencies for the seismo-ionospheric disturbances relating the earthquake magnitude and the epicenter distance are obtained and they have been shown to be similar to those obtained earlier for Japanese earthquakes. The dependences indicate the process of spreading the disturbance from the epicenter towards periphery during the earthquake preparation process. Large lead times for the precursor occurrence (up to 34 days for M=5.8–5.9) tells about a prolong preparation period. A possibility of using the obtained relationships for the earthquakes prediction is discussed.

The Tiber river delta plain (central Italy): Coastal evolution and implications for the ancient Ostia Roman settlement

The Holocene ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1105-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bellotti ◽  
G. Calderoni ◽  
F. Di Rita ◽  
M. D’Orefice ◽  
C. D’Amico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Tiber River ◽  
Military Posts ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
The Town

Geomorphologic, stratigraphic, faunistic, palynological and carbon isotope analyses were carried out in the area of the Tiber river mouth. The results depict a complex palaeoenvironmental evolution in the area of the Roman town of Ostia, ascertain the changes of the Tiber river delta over the last 6000 years and support a re-interpretation of some archaeologic issues. The wave-dominated Tiber delta evolved through three distinct phases. In the first step (5000–2700 yr BP) a delta cusp was built at the river mouth, which was located north of the present outlet. Subsequently (2700–1900 BP), an abrupt southward migration of the river mouth determined the abandonment of the previous cusp and the progradation of a new one. The third step, which is still in progress, is marked by the appearance of a complex cusp made up of two distributary channels. The transition from the first to the second evolution phase occurred in the seventh century bc and was contemporary to the foundation of Ostia, as suggested by historical accounts. However, the oldest archaeological evidence of the town of Ostia dates to the fourth century bc, when human activity is clearly recorded also by pollen data. We suggest that the first human settlement (seventh century bc) consisted of ephemeral military posts, with the aim of controlling the strategic river mouth and establishing the Ostia saltworks. Only after the fourth century bc the coastal environment was stable enough for the foundation and development of the town of Ostia.

scholarly journals Equatorial E Region Electric Fields and Sporadic E Layer Responses to the Recovery Phase of the November 2004 Geomagnetic Storm

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 12,517-12,533 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Moro ◽  
L. C. A. Resende ◽  
C. M. Denardini ◽  
J. Xu ◽  
I. S. Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Storm ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
E Region ◽  
Sporadic E Layer ◽  
Sporadic E
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