scholarly journals A Scan-to-BIM Methodology Applied to Heritage Buildings

Heritage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocha ◽  
Mateus ◽  
Fernández ◽  
Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Data Alignment ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Restoration Work

Heritage buildings usually have complex (non-parametric) geometries that turn their digitization through conventional methods in inaccurate and time-consuming processes. When it comes to the survey and representation of historical assets, remote sensing technologies have been playing key roles in the last few years: 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry surveys save time in the field, while proving to be extremely accurate at registering non-regular geometries of buildings. However, the efficient transformation of remote-sensing data into as-built parametric smart models is currently an unsolved challenge. A pragmatic and organized Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) methodology is essential in order to obtain a consistent model that can bring benefits and integrate conservation and restoration work. This article addresses the creation of an HBIM model of heritage assets using 3D laser scanning and photogrammetry. Our findings are illustrated in one case study: The Engine House Paços Reais in Lisbon. The paper first describes how and what measures should be taken to plan a careful scan-to-HBIM process. Second, the description of the remote-sensing survey campaign is conducted accordingly and is aimed at a BIM output, including the process of data alignment, cleaning, and merging. Finally, the HBIM modeling phase is described, based on point cloud data.

scholarly journals USING 3D LASER SCANNING TO ANALYZE HERITAGE STRUCTURES: THE CASE STUDY OF EGYPTIAN PALACE

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Marzouk
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Health State ◽  
3D Laser Scanning ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Heritage Building ◽  
Potential Risks

Preservation of heritage buildings should be carried out to get a better understanding of the behavior of their structures and keep them in a good condition. As such, corrective diagnosis of heritage buildings health conditions would help to identify potential risks and take remedy actions. This paper presents a framework for heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) application in Egyptian Heritage buildings. The framework is capable of utilizing processed point clouds using 3D laser scanning to create different purpose BIM models at the different levels of development to simulate the structural performances under different types of actions. The paper illustrates an extensive structural analysis for Tosson palace in Cairo – Egypt to assess its health state to assure its sustainability for future use.

scholarly journals 3D Point Cloud to BIM: Semi-Automated Framework to Define IFC Alignment Entities from MLS-Acquired LiDAR Data of Highway Roads

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2301
Author(s):  
Mario Soilán ◽  
Andrés Justo ◽  
Ana Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Belén Riveiro
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Industry Foundation Classes ◽  
Cloud Processing ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Key Steps

Building information modeling (BIM) is a process that has shown great potential in the building industry, but it has not reached the same level of maturity for transportation infrastructure. There is a standardization need for information exchange and management processes in the infrastructure that integrates BIM and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Currently, the Industry Foundation Classes standard has harmonized different infrastructures under the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) 4.3 release. Furthermore, the usage of remote sensing technologies such as laser scanning for infrastructure monitoring is becoming more common. This paper presents a semi-automated framework that takes as input a raw point cloud from a mobile mapping system, and outputs an IFC-compliant file that models the alignment and the centreline of each road lane in a highway road. The point cloud processing methodology is validated for two of its key steps, namely road marking processing and alignment and road line extraction, and a UML diagram is designed for the definition of the alignment entity from the point cloud data.

scholarly journals The Use of Interactive Virtual BIM to Boost Virtual Tourism in Heritage Sites, Historic Jeddah

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Ahmad Baik
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Historic District ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
3D Environment ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Buildings

Today, moving from a two-dimensional environment to a more advanced interactive three-dimensional (3D) environment in the industries of architecture, engineering, and construction has become one of the most significant topics of interest. This is due to several primary advantages that the 3D environment can offer. Building information modeling (BIM) can be used as a highly advanced system to present a desired reality in a 3D interactive environment accompanied with 3D reality captured data, such as the point cloud data. As such, these 3D environments can be employed for more advanced uses, such as virtual reality and augmented reality technologies (VR and AR). Recently, BIM has been employed in the context of heritage (known as HBIM, or Heritage Building Information Modeling) for different purposes, such as to provide as-built information with the ability to interact with the end user and uploading information (e.g., historical photographs, documents about materials, or any past restoration projects) into the BIM model. This research will focus on providing an interactive rich virtual 3D model for heritage management. This virtual environment can be employed in cultural tourism and used for the abovementioned purposes. The research project has been adopted in the case of the Zainal Historical House (Bayt Zainal) located in the Historic District of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. This house is described as one of the significant historical buildings in the historic district. The key aim for selecting this case study is to bridge the gap in architectural knowledge regarding these heritage buildings and their hybrid structural systems (i.e., integration of steel or concrete with the traditional “Mangbi” stone technique).

scholarly journals Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esranur Kömürcü ◽  
◽  
Nuray Benli Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Historic Building ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Restoration Work

Cultural heritage conservation and restoration work is a complex process that includes documentation, data collection, interpretation and production. By integrating the BIM (Building Information Modeling) methodology into this process, the concept of HBIM (Historic Building Information Modeling) has been formed. In this article, the progress of this process with the HBIM methodology in the restoration, protection and management studies of cultural heritage buildings and sites requiring collective and holistic work, the evaluation of access to the information obtained, and the provision of interdisciplinary information exchange were analyzed. By using the SWOT analysis method, the opportunities and threats offered by using the HBIM working methodology were evaluated and the strengths and weaknesses of the HBIM technology were determined. As a result of the SWOT analysis, it has been determined that the HBIM application will positively contribute to the heritage structures and increase in the direction of potential opportunities by eliminating the weaknesses.

scholarly journals Validation of Close-Range Photogrammetry for Architectural and Archaeological Heritage: Analysis of Point Density and 3D Mesh Geometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3571
Author(s):  
Juan Moyano ◽  
Juan Enrique Nieto-Julián ◽  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
David Marín-García
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
3D Mesh ◽  
Close Range Photogrammetry ◽  
Point Density ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Heritage Buildings ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Capture Techniques

The 3D digitization and Building Information Modeling (BIM), which is based on parametric objects, have considerably advanced by developing massive data capture techniques. Thus, reverse engineering currently plays a major role as these technologies capture accurately and efficiently the geometry, color and textures of complex architectural, archaeological and cultural heritage. This paper aims to validate close-range Structure from Motion (SfM) for heritage by analyzing the point density and the 3D mesh geometry in comparison with Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). The accuracy of the results and the geometry mainly depends on the processing performed on the point set. Therefore, these two variables are significant in the 3D reconstruction of heritage buildings. This paper focuses on a 15th century case study in Seville (Spain): the main façade of Casa de Pilatos. Ten SfM surveys were carried out varying the capture method (simple and stereoscopic) and the number of shots, distances, orientation and procedure. A mathematical analysis is proposed to verify the point spatial resolution and the accuracy of the 3D model geometry by section profiles in SfM data. SfM achieved acceptable accuracy levels to generate 3D meshes despite disordered shots and the number of images. Hence, stereoscopic photography using new instruments improved the results of close-range photogrammetry while reducing the required number of photographs.

scholarly journals Application of Remote Sensing Data for Evaluation of Rockfall Potential within a Quarry Slope

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robiati ◽  
Eyre ◽  
Vanneschi ◽  
Francioni ◽  
Venn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Terrestrial Lidar ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Geometrical Properties ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Mechanical Characterisation ◽  
Aerial Vehicle

In recent years data acquisition from remote sensing has become readily available to the quarry sector. This study demonstrates how such data may be used to evaluate and back analyse rockfall potential of a legacy slope in a blocky rock mass. Use of data obtained from several aerial LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and photogrammetric campaigns taken over a number of years (2011 to date) provides evidence for potential rockfall evolution from a slope within an active quarry operation in Cornwall, UK. Further investigation, through analysis of point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning, was undertaken to characterise the orientation of discontinuities present within the rock slope. Aerial and terrestrial LiDAR data were subsequently used for kinematic analysis, production of surface topography models and rockfall trajectory analyses using both 2D and 3D numerical simulations. The results of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based 3D photogrammetric analysis enabled the reconstruction of high resolution topography, allowing one to not only determine geometrical properties of the slope surface and geo-mechanical characterisation but provide data for validation of numerical simulations. The analysis undertaken shows the effectiveness of the existing rockfall barrier, while demonstrating how photogrammetric data can be used to inform back analyses of the underlying failure mechanism and investigate potential runout.

scholarly journals Automatic Space Analysis Using Laser Scanning and a 3D Grid: Applications to Industrial Plant Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9087
Author(s):  
Donghyun Kim ◽  
Soonwook Kwon ◽  
Chung-Suk Cho ◽  
Borja García de Soto ◽  
Daeyoon Moon
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Space Analysis ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Grid Applications ◽  
Floor Plans ◽  
Point Data

While industrial plant projects are becoming bigger, and global attention to the plant as a construct is increasing, space arrangement in plant projects is inefficient because of the complex structure of required facilities (e.g., complex MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) installations, specialized tools, etc.,). Furthermore, problems during installation, operation, and maintenance stages caused by inconsistencies between floor plans and actual layout are on the rise. Although some of these conflicts can be addressed through clash detection using BIM (building information modeling), quality BIM models are scarce, especially for existing industrial plants. This study proposes a way to address the complexities caused by changes during plant construction and securing space for the installation of equipment during the construction and lifecycle of built facilities. 3D cloud point data of space and equipment were collected using 3D laser scanning to conduct space matching. In processing the space matching, data were simplified by applying the 3D grid and by comparing the data, easier identification of the space for target equipment was accomplished. This study also proposed a pre-processing method based on sub-sampling that optimizes the point cloud data and verifies the processing speed and accuracy. Lastly, it finds free space for various equipment layouts required in industrial plant projects by space analysis, proposed algorithms, and processes for obtaining the coordinates of valid space for equipment arrangement. The proposed method of this study is expected to help solve the problems derived from arrangement and installation of new equipment in a complex plant site.

scholarly journals THE INTEGRATION OF A SCAN-TO-HBIM PROCESS IN BIM APPLICATION: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADD-IN TO GUIDE USERS IN AUTODESK REVIT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Banfi
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Point Cloud Data ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Generative Process ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Heritage Buildings

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In recent years, the generative process of building information modeling (BIM) digital models oriented to the digitisation of heritage buildings has been supported by the development of new modeling tools, able to integrate the point cloud data produced by laser scanning and digital photogrammetry in major modeling software applications such as Autodesk Revit and Graphisoft Archicad. Architectural and structural elements of churches, castles, and historical monuments such as complex vaults, arches, decorations and ornaments, irregular walls with a variable section and wall stratigraphy require higher levels of detail (LOD) and information (LOI) than new buildings. Consequently, the structure of a BIM model oriented to represent heritage buildings (HBIM) required the definition of a new digital process capable of converting the traditional techniques to the generation of 'unique' digital models able to connect different type of information. Consequently, the generation of 'new' 3D objects able to follow the constructive logic of the detected artefact has required the establishment of new grades of generation (GOG) and accuracy (GOA) to reduce the time and cost of the scan-to-BIM process. The main challenge of this research was the integration of these new modeling requirements in BIM software through the development of an add-in for one of the most used BIM software (Autodesk Revit). Through the generation of the complex vaulted system of the Basilica of Collemaggio (L’Aquila, Italy) and one of the most famous monuments of northern Italy (Arch of Peace in Milan, Italy), the following research shows how it was possible to support users in the HBIM generation, reducing the modeling impact of complex shapes from point cloud data and increasing information sharing for different BIM-based analysis, disciplines and users.</p>

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