Diffusion of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Across the  Sediment-Water Interface and In Seawater at Aquaculture Areas of Daya Bay, China

At present, Nansi Lake restoration is maily focused on reducing extraneous pollution, however, it is unclear about the endogenous pollution. In this study, twelve intact sediment cores were collected from four sub-lakes (Nanyang Lake, Dushan Lake, Zhaoyang Lake and Weishan Lake) in Nansi Lake, and the fluxes of NH4+-N, PO43--P, NO3--N, TN and TP at sediment-water interface were calculated based on static incubation of sediment cores with a laboratory-scale benthic chamber. The incubation results showed fluxes of PO43--P, NO3--N, TN and TP in Nanyang Lake were the highest and as follows: 2.73, 7.55, 44.43 and 3.06 mg/m2.d, respectivly, and the flux of NH4+-N in Nanyang Lake, Dushan Lake and Zhaoyang Lake had little difference ranged from 8.99 to 10.19 mg/m2.d. This study indicated that during the sampling period sediment acted as a source of nitrogen as well as phosphorus to the overlying water body in Nansi Lake.

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Determination of Water Quality Characteristics and Nutrient Exchange Flux at the Sediment–Water Interface of the Yitong River in Changchun City, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w13243555 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 3555

Author(s):

Ke Zhao ◽

Hang Fu ◽

Qian Wang ◽

Hai Lu

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Interstitial Water ◽

Diffusion Flux ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Water Interface ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Overlying Water ◽

Nitrogen Pollutants ◽

Exchange Flux

In this paper, the characteristics of water pollution in Yitong River were analyzed by the comprehensive pollution index method. Combined with the pore water concentration gradient method and Fick’s first law, the release characteristics of nutrients at the sediment–water interface of Yitong River (Jilin Province, China) were studied. The results showed that the distribution trend of nitrogen and phosphorus content in the overlying and interstitial water of the Yitong River was the same, and the highest values appeared at the S3 and S5 points in the urban section. The water quality was mainly affected by nitrogen pollutants in domestic sewage. The evaluation results of the water quality comprehensive pollution index showed that the pollution degree of interstitial water in urban areas was much higher than that of the overlying water, and the endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants had the risk of diffusion to the overlying water. The exchange flux analysis of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in water showed that the diffusion flux of NH4+-N ranged from 0.03 to 6.52 mg·(m2·d)−1, and the sediment was the “source” of ammonia nitrogen pollutants. The range of TDN diffusion flux was −1.57 to 11.6 mg·(m2·d) −1, and the difference between points was large. The sediment was both the “source” and “sink” of nitrogen pollutants. The range of TDP diffusion flux was −0.05 to 0.22 mg·(m2·d) −1. Except for point S8, the TDP diffused from sediment into the water body. Among all the sampling points, the diffusion fluxes of NH4+-N, TDN, and TDP at the S3 point were the largest, the release rate of endogenous pollutants was the most rapid, and the pollution to the water quality was the most serious. The results are of great significance to the exchange flux of nutrients at the sediment–water interface of rivers and the prevention and control of water eutrophication. It also provides a reference for the study of nutrient exchange flux at the sediment–water interface of rivers and other surface water bodies worldwide.

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