Fractionation, Bioaccessibility, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil of an Urban Recreational Area Amended with Composted Sewage Sludge

USE OF EFFLUENTS AND COMPOSTED SEWAGE SLUDGE ON THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF HEAVY METALS IN A TROPICAL SOIL DAVILLA ALESSANDRA DA SILVA ALVES1; ISABELA SEIXO DE BRITO LOUZADA1; MARCIO HENRIQUE LANZA1; MARIA MARCIA PEREIRA SARTORI2 E HELIO GRASSI FILHO1 1 UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais. Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]; 2 UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Produção e Melhoramento vegetal. Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of irrigation with treated effluent of domestic origin (EET) and different doses of composted sewage sludge (CSS) on soil chemical attributes and heavy metals bioavailability after five years of application. The experimental design was completely randomized, in an arrangement of subdivided plots, with ten replications. The plots contain two types of water for irrigation (EET - treated domestic effluent and AP- potable water) and in subplots doses of organic compound (CSS - 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250%), whose fertilizer quantities were based on the nitrogen fertilization required for the cultures, as reference. Results showed that levels of heavy metals As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Ni, Se and Zn did not exceed the limits and the maximum permissible content in the soil. Fertilization with composted sewage sludge associated with effluent irrigation positively impacted soil chemical quality in organic matter content, pH, bases sum (SB), base saturation (V%) and CEC. Responses obtained in this study showed a direct relationship between the type of water for irrigation and doses of compound in all evaluated parameters. Keywords: reuse, wastewater, biosolids, sustainability. ALVES, D. A. S.1; LOUZADA, I. S. B.1; LANZA, M. H.1; SARTORI, M. M. P.2; GRASSI FILHO, H.1 UTILIZAÇÃO DE EFLUENTE E LODO DE ESGOTO COMPOSTADO NA BIODISPONIBILIDADE DE METAIS PESADOS EM UM SOLO TROPICAL RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os impactos da irrigação com o efluente de esgoto tratado (EET) e diferentes doses de lodo de esgoto compostado (CSS) nos atributos químicos do solo e na biodisponibilidade de metais pesados após cinco anos de aplicação. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com dez repetições. As parcelas contêm dois tipos de água para irrigação (EET - efluente doméstico tratado e AP - água potável) e nas subparcelas as doses do composto orgânico (CSS - 50, 100, 150, 200 e 250%), cujas quantidades do fertilizante foram baseadas na exigência da adubação nitrogenada para as culturas, como referência. Os resultados mostraram que os teores de metais pesados: As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Ni, Se e Zn não ultrapassaram os limites e o teor máximo permissível no solo. A adubação com lodo de esgoto compostado associado à irrigação do efluente impactou positivamente a qualidade química do solo (teor de matéria orgânica), soma base (SB), saturação por bases (V%) e CTC. As respostas obtidas neste estudo mostraram que houve relação direta entre o tipo de água para irrigação com as doses do composto sobre todos os parâmetros avaliados. Palavras-chave: reuso, água residuária, biossólido, sustentabilidade.

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Identification of the Chemical Forms of Heavy Metals in Municipal Sewage Sludge as a Critical Element of Ecological Risk Assessment in Terms of Its Agricultural or Natural Use

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17134640 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (13) ◽

pp. 4640 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Malwina Tytła

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Ecological Risk Assessment ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Risk Index ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Critical Element ◽

Chemical Forms

The present study aimed to demonstrate that identification of the chemical forms of heavy metals in sewage sludge produced in municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) is a critical element of ecological risk assessment, especially in terms of its agricultural or natural use. The concentrations of seven heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Hg) were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP-OES) and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS). The chemical forms of heavy metals were analyzed in accordance with the sequential extraction method proposed by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR). Sludge samples were collected at the five municipal WWTPs located in the largest industrial area in the country, i.e., the Upper Silesian Industrial Region (southern Poland, central Europe). The ecological risk was assessed by calculating the Potential Ecological Risk Factor (ER), Risk Index (RI), Risk Assessment Code (RAC), Individual Contamination Factor (ICF), Global Risk Index (GRI) as well as the author’s indices, i.e., Individual Ecological Risk (IER) and Global Ecological Risk (GER). To demonstrate the differences between the level of ecological risk posed by the different heavy metals, sludge samples were collected at two specific points of the processing line. Considering the chemical forms of heavy metals, the highest ecological risk was posed by Zn, Cd and Ni, while in the case of their total concentrations, by Cd and Hg. The obtained results confirm that quantitative determination of the total content of heavy metals in sewage sludge is not a sufficient criterion in assessment of the ecological risk that these elements pose to the natural environment and living organisms. Moreover, multivariate statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between the concentrations of heavy metals, which indicates that they plausibly originate from the same source of pollution.

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Chemical Fractionation and Plant Uptake of Heavy Metals in Soils Amended with Co‐Composted Sewage Sludge

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq1991.00472425002000020009x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 387-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 180

Author(s):

J. T. Sims ◽

J. S. Kline

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Plant Uptake ◽

Chemical Fractionation ◽

Composted Sewage Sludge ◽

Heavy Metals In Soils

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Influence of Temperature on Characteristics of Particulate Matter and Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals during Sewage Sludge Pyrolysis

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14195838 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (19) ◽

pp. 5838

Author(s):

Binbin Li ◽

Haihong Fan ◽

Songxiong Ding ◽

Yixuan Luan ◽

Yiming Sun

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Ecological Risk Assessment ◽

Pyrolysis Temperature ◽

Inorganic Particles ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Influence Of Temperature On

The formation process of Particulate Matter (PM) during sludge pyrolysis at different temperatures (300–700 °C) and the ecological risks of heavy metals were studied. The results showed that the particulate matter is mainly condensed on the quartz film in a carbon-based organic matter when the pyrolysis temperature was between 200–500 °C in a volatilization process. Inorganic particles was found in the particulate matter when the temperature was raised to 500–700 °C in a decomposition stage. Heavy metals were enriched in particulate matter with increase in pyrolysis temperature. When the temperature reached 700 °C, the concentration of Pb and Cd in the particulate matter significantly increased. The ecological risk assessment showed that heavy metals in the sewage sludge had considerable ecological toxicity. When the pyrolysis temperature reached 700 °C, the ecological toxicity of those heavy metals enriched in the particulate matter decreased considerably.

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Removal of Heavy Metals and Sewage Sludge Using the Mud Snail, Cipangopaludina chinensis malle at a REEVE, in Paddy Fields as Artificial Wetlands

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1987.0157 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 19 (12) ◽

pp. 281-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Y. Kurihara ◽

T. Suzuki

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Artificial Wetlands ◽

Sludge Compost ◽

Mud Snail ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Zn And Cu In ◽

Metal Incorporation ◽

Composted Sewage Sludge

The effects of the application of reed-sewage sludge compost on the heavy metal incorporation and the growth of young snails born from the adult mud snails, Cipanqopaludina chinensis malleata REEVE, put into submerged paddy soil were investigated. The biomass and growth of the snails in paddy soil with compost were superior to those in soil without compost. The Zn and Cu concentrations in the flesh portion of snails were extremely high as compared with those in the paddy soil surrounding the snails. This may be because snails ingest sewage sludge which is a main organic component of the composts and sewage sludge usually contains large amounts of Zn and Cu, suggesting that this type of snail may be useful in eliminating sewage sludge and Zn and Cu in paddy soil when composted sewage sludge has been applied.

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Risk assessment of soil contamination with heavy metals from sewage sludge and ash after its incineration

10.5004/dwt.2020.25837 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 199 ◽

pp. 297-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jolanta Latosińska

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Contamination

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The Ecological Risk Assessment and the Chemical Speciation of Heavy Metals in Ash after the Incineration of Municipal Sewage Sludge

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12166517 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 6517 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jolanta Latosińska ◽

Przemysław Czapik

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Contamination ◽

Ecological Risk ◽

Ecological Risk Assessment ◽

Risk Index ◽

Soil Environment ◽

Sewage Sludge Ash ◽

Sludge Ash

Popular incineration of sewage sludge results in the increase in heavy metals content in ash. The knowledge of the total content of heavy metals in sewage sludge ash does not demonstrate a potential hazard. The toxicity of heavy metals in great measure depends on the form of their occurrence. The prevailing norms do not require the ecological risk assessment of the environmental burden with heavy metals for the choice of the method of the utilization of sewage sludge ash. The paper presents the research results on the mobility of heavy metals in sewage sludge ash after its incineration. The geo-accumulation index (IGAI), the potential ecological risk index (PERI) and the risk assessment code (RAC) were used for the evaluation of the potential soil contamination with heavy metals. The authors also suggested a new formula, which took into consideration more factors influencing the risk of the contamination of a water-soil environment with heavy metals—the water and soil environment risk index (WSERI). The calculated indices for sewage sludge ash indicate the risk of soil contamination with heavy metals.

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