Cooking Fuels in Lagos, Nigeria: Factors Associated with Household Choice of Kerosene or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

Background: Globally, an estimated 3.6 billion people rely on solid fuels for cooking over open fires or in simple cookstoves. Universal access to clean cooking fuels and technology by 2030 is a United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal. Methods: The Mediae Company created a home makeover television and radio show, Shamba Chef, designed to promote modern, cleaner, safer cooking methods and improved nutrition in Kenya, which reached 5 million homes in late 2017. This was accompanied by a mobile phone platform called iChef. Researchers evaluated the effects of Shamba Chef on cookstove purchase, use, and attitudes, beliefs, and intentions. Results: The study revealed dose–response effects of Shamba Chef exposure on several key outcomes. Exposure to the program was associated with an awareness of improved biomass stoves (OR 4.4; 95% CI 2.8 to 6.9), and aspirations to own an improved biomass stove (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4 to 2.9). Receiving information about modern stoves from two or more sources generated greater awareness of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.1). The qualitative study revealed that Shamba Chef explained how the stoves worked, communicated their benefits, and encouraged participants to trust and purchase those cookstoves. Conclusion: Shamba Chef was successful in influencing determinants of cookstove purchase and use, and there is evidence from the qualitative study that it influenced the purchase and use of improved biomass stoves.

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Application of Quality Function Deployment to Design a Liquefied Petroleum Gas Trolley

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.761.698 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 761 ◽

pp. 698-702

Author(s):

Mohamed Sultan Al Amin ◽

Halim Isa ◽

Idral Febrian ◽

Taufik ◽

Z. Nuradilah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Quality Function Deployment ◽

Effective Solution ◽

Excessive Force ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Quality Function ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Ergonomic Risk Factors ◽

Ergonomic Risk

In Malaysia, the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is widely used for domestic purposes. The delivery men who are in charge of delivering the LPG cylinders to the customers are exposed to the ergonomic risk factors associated with excessive force due to the heavy steel cylinders. There are devices used to assist the delivery task, however, the devices are not efficient to be used in non-elevated apartments. Due to this reason, this study aims to design an LPG cylinder trolley. Quality Function Deployment was integrated to design the LPG cylinder trolley, so that it can fulfill the delivery man's requirements, thus, an effective device to assist the delivery task is produced. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the integration of QFD is an effective solution in designing an effective LPG cylinder trolley.

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Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Charcoal, Biogas, and Liquefied Petroleum Gas as Cooking Fuels in Ghana

Journal of Industrial Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00350.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 539-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

George Afrane ◽

Augustine Ntiamoah

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Cooking Fuels ◽

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment

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MODELING THE DEMAND FOR HOUSEHOLD COOKING FUELS AND ASSESSING ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS IN A PERIURBAN AREA OF MADAGASCAR

EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (IJMR) ◽

10.36713/epra2381 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 405-414

Author(s):

Ralibera Andriamifidy Gerard ◽

Andrianaivoravelona Jaconnet Oliva ◽

Rakotosaona Rijalalaina ◽

Ramaroson Jean de Dieu

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Global Warming ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Global Warming Potential ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Cooking Fuel ◽

Poor Households ◽

Cooking Fuels ◽

End Use

This study is trying to look into the relationship between households' exploitation of ligneous resources for energy purposes and environmental problems, concerning a periurban area of Madagascar. The matter is threatening because households in developing countries will always depend on forest resources and environmental issues seem to be more and more complex. The main problems are associated with socio-economical, cultural, environmental, and technical factors, that is why it is complicated to find out the best way to manage the system. For this, two types of descriptive surveys including 60 questions were used to collect information and data on household behavior in terms of cooking fuel use and consumption. The population of the study consisted of 1,075 households and fuel retailers inside the studied area, also called The Municipality of Andranonahoatra. Then data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. After that, fuel consumption was modeled, using a linear multiple regression method to calculate the demand of each class of household and the pollutant gas emissions throughout the supply chain, i.e., production, transport, and end-use. For pollutant gases emitted by each fuel, the standards and literature results are used. The values obtained will be compared with the national and international emission levels. Findings of the study show significant positive relationships between socio-cultural and financial factors, and cooking fuel consumption, including fuelwood, charcoal, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). As a result, the elaborated models have estimated the average amount of fuel consumption in the Municipality at 117 kg/capita/year of charcoal, 23 kg/capita/year of fuelwood, and 0.6 kg/capita/year of LPG. Form there, in the environmental field, each inhabitant emits about, 0.8 t of CO2/capita/year, 9 kg of CH4/capita/year, 26 kg of Non-Methanic Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOC)/capita/year, 7 g of N2O/capita/year and 3.4 kg/capita/year of fine particles inhaled directly by the person preparing the meal. In other words, each person would prevent the sequestration of about 1.27 t of CO2/year. Using the Global Warming Potential, the emission is 1.1 tons CO2-equivalent/capita/year due to the use of cooking fuels. These models and assessments can help and incite governments and decision-makers to elaborate strategy aiming to protect the forest ecosystem while ensuring the energy supply of poor households in developing countries. KEYWORDS: cooking fuels, model, greenhouse gas, global warming potential.

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Women's experiences with mixed use of wood and gas cookstoves and fuels in rural Lambayeque, Peru

Revista del Cuerpo Médico del HNAAA ◽

10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2020.132.662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 134-140

Author(s):

Carolina Priscilla Cabrera-Torres ◽

Maribel Albertina Díaz-Váasquez ◽

Rosa Jeuna Diaz-Manchay ◽

Victoria Sattler ◽

Roseline Jean-Louis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exploratory Research ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Design Data ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Mixed Use ◽

Cooking Fuels ◽

Mitigate Climate Change ◽

Clean Cookstoves ◽

Gas Stoves

Introduction: Despite program efforts to encourage use of clean cookstoves and fuels to mitigate climate change, many communities continue to use wood-fueled open fires. Objectives: Describe experiences of participants with mixed use of cooking and fuel technologies (e.g. open fires and chimney stoves using wood and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stoves) in rural Lambayeque, Peru in 2018. Material and methods: Fifteen participants were interviewed using a qualitative exploratory research design. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Four categories emerged: decisions about acquiring cooking fuels are primarily based on cost; plastic trash is used to light wood-burning stoves; decisions to use gas over wood are based on quick food cooking time; and benefits and health problems are recognized, but mixed use of fuels persist. Conclusion: Use of both traditional wood cookstoves and plastic trash to ignite fires were used frequently because both are free or cheap. The environmental impact of cutting down trees isn't considered important, but interviewees did notice detriments to their wellbeing. Although gas stoves are used and benefits were mentioned, use of traditional stoves persists. We recommend that policy makers in Peru begin to address barriers to full adoption of new clean cooking technologies and consider governmental subsidies to meet families' spending priorities.

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Determinants of Household Energy Choice for Cooking in Northern Sudan: A Multinomial Logit Estimation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182111480 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (21) ◽

pp. 11480

Author(s):

Philbert Mperejekumana ◽

Huan Li ◽

Rucong Wu ◽

Jiaxin Lu ◽

Obid Tursunov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multinomial Logit Model ◽

Multinomial Logit ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Household Energy ◽

Credit Access ◽

Logit Estimation ◽

Cooking Energy ◽

Cooking Fuels ◽

Additional Level

Traditional biomass utilization is connected with negative environmental and human health impacts. However, its transition to cleaner cooking fuels is still low where the household’s fuels preferences play an important role in the process. To examine the factors that influence the household’s cooking fuel choice in Northern Sudan, a multinomial logit model (MNL) was used to analyze data collected from Kassala state in two selected districts, New Halfa and Nahr Atabara. The findings show that the most utilized fuels are still firewood and charcoal, which are used by 63.4% of all respondents. The results also revealed that socioeconomic factors have an impact on household fuel choice, where one additional unit of credit access may boost the possibility of choosing LPG by 22.7%. Furthermore, one additional level of education would reduce 5.4% of charcoal users while simultaneously raising 10% of current liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) users. Therefore, the study suggests initiating mobilization and training programs to raise awareness and encourage the usage of cleaner fuels. This study will provide policymakers with information on household cooking energy utilization while designing and developing policies related to energy. It will also contribute to the expanding body of literature concerning the transition to clean cooking fuels from traditional biomass.

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Development of Questionnaire for Assistive Device Design in LPG Cylinder Handling

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.465-466.1160 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 465-466 ◽

pp. 1160-1164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed Sultan Al Amin ◽

Z. Nuradilah ◽

Halim Isa ◽

A.M. Nor ◽

I. Febrian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Assistive Devices ◽

Assistive Device ◽

Excessive Force ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Steel Cylinder ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Design Requirements

In Malaysia, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is filled in a heavy steel cylinder and it is widely used for cooking purpose. Due to its dimensions and mass, the delivery men exposed to ergonomics risk factors associated with excessive force that can lead to injury to the back and the shoulders. There are assistive devices can be used to aid the delivery men; however, those devices are not efficient to transport the LPG cylinder to non-elevator apartments. Based on this reason, this study develops a questionnaire to determine design requirements of the assistive device for LPG cylinder handling. Structured interview using questionnaire survey was conducted among 25 delivery men. Based on the questionnaire survey, 76% of the delivery men required an assistive device that is safe, motorized, and push oriented for LPG cylinder handling. This study concluded that the developed questionnaire is reliable to determine design requirements of the assistive device for LPG cylinder handling.

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Correlates of Ghanaian households’ use of clean cooking fuels: insight from the 2014 demographic and health surveys

10.21203/rs.2.21295/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Seth Sylvester Dadzie ◽

Paul Lawer Kenney ◽

Nakua Kweku Emmanuel ◽

Agboh Nuake Kofi Herman ◽

Duah Ofori Henry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Health Surveys ◽

Sustainable Consumption ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Multivariable Model ◽

Sampling Weights ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cooking Energy ◽

Cooking Fuels

Abstract Background: Globally, about 2.9 billion persons, the majority of whom are from low and middle-income countries, depend on poorly combusted biomass and coal for cooking and heating. Given the negative toll the use of poorly combusted fuels have on people’s health and quality of life, homes are admonished to use for cooking clean fuels that promote optimal health such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), natural gases, electricity, and improved biomass cook-stoves. The use of clean cooking fuels has other co-benefits such as reduce deforestation and lower climate-changing emissions. Although information on the prevalence of access to clean cooking energy is known, studies on the social, economic, and geographic factors that may explain the low adoption in households are rare. In this paper, we aim to determine the major covariates of households’ access to clean cooking energy in Ghana.Methods: The study used the data of the cross-sectional demographic and health surveys conducted in 2014. Chi-square test of independence was used to identify the covariates that were statistically significant related to households’ use of CF&HPFs for the multivariable model. In the multivariable model, we reported prevalence ratios using the generalized linear model (glm), setting the family to “Poisson” and the link to “log.” The estimation adjusted for the study designed and the household sampling weights.Results: The main finding was that rich households were 8.85 times likely to use CF&HPFs compared to poor households. We further found that the following factors were associated with a higher probability of a Ghanaian household to use climate-friendly and health-promoting fuels for cooking: male-headed households, households’ headed by persons between 24years and 55 years, households with heads that were currently married or never married, households with heads that have attained at least a primary level education, households with less than eight members, households with at least two women, and households in Western, Central, Greater Accra, Volta, Eastern, Ashanti, Brong Ahafo, Upper East region. Conclusion: In view of these findings, we recommend: a national effort to subsidize and make affordable the purchase of LPG and the stoves that burn it even to the poorest household; education on efficient and sustainable consumption must be intensified and incorporated in the basic school’s curriculum to ensure the future generation are more environmental sustainability and health-conscious; creation of multiple LPG refilling outlets in all the regions in Ghana.

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Developing Visual Messages to Support Liquefied Petroleum Gas Use in Intervention Homes in the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) Trial in Rural Guatemala

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198121996280 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 109019812199628

Author(s):

Mayarí Hengstermann ◽

Anaité Díaz-Artiga ◽

Roberto Otzóy-Sucúc ◽

Ana Laura Maria Ruiz-Aguilar ◽

Lisa M. Thompson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Focus Group ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Household Air Pollution ◽

Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽

Traditional Foods ◽

Focus Group Discussions ◽

Group Discussions ◽

Flip Chart ◽

Cooking Fuels

Background Household air pollution adversely affects human health and the environment, yet more than 40% of the world still depends on solid cooking fuels. The House Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN) randomized controlled trial is assessing the health effects of a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and 18-month supply of free fuel in 3,200 households in rural Guatemala, India, Peru, and Rwanda. Aims We conducted formative research in Guatemala to create visual messages that support the sustained, exclusive use of LPG in HAPIN intervention households. Method We conducted ethnographic research, including direct observation ( n = 36), in-depth ( n = 18), and semistructured ( n = 6) interviews, and 24 focus group discussions ( n = 96) to understand participants’ experience with LPG. Sixty participants were selected from a pilot study of LPG stove and 2-months of free fuel to assess the acceptability and use of LPG. Emergent themes were used to create visual messages based on observations and interviews in 40 households; messages were tested and revised in focus group discussions with 20 households. Results We identified 50 codes related to household air pollution and stoves; these were reduced into 24 themes relevant to LPG stoves, prioritizing 12 for calendars. Messages addressed fear and reluctance to use LPG; preference of wood stoves for cooking traditional foods; sustainability and accessibility of fuel; association between health outcomes and household air pollution; and the need for inspirational and aspirational messages. Discussion We created a flip chart and calendar illustrating themes to promote exclusive LPG use in HAPIN intervention households.

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