Targeted Versus Nontargeted Communication About Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems in Three Smoker Groups

Background: This study used an audience segmentation and message targeting approach to identify three distinct smoker groups—Older Freedom Smokers (OFS), Reluctant Smokers (RS), and Young Enthusiasts (YE)—and examined whether an electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) message targeting each smoker group (targeted message) was associated with more health-enhancing outcomes than messages targeting other groups (nontargeted messages). Methods: An online experiment was conducted among 580 adult smokers with 180 OFS, 200 RS, and 200 YE. Each smoker group viewed a targeted message and two nontargeted messages in a random order. Following the presentation of each message, participants reported their perceived message effectiveness, message reactions, ENDS- and cigarette-related beliefs, and behavioral intentions. Results: The targeted vs. nontargeted messages mostly did not produce more health-enhancing outcomes on perceptions of absolute and comparative risks of ENDS and cigarettes, response efficacy of ENDS, and self-efficacy as well as intentions to quit smoking. Conclusions: Our targeted messages did not appear to be a better choice over nontargeted messages to communicate about ENDS to smokers. Given the increasing call to accurately inform the public of the risk differences among various tobacco products, future studies should continue to explore whether targeted messages could be employed to communicate about the comparative risks of ENDS.

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Government intervention in the market for electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). The known, the unknown and challenges

Drugs and Alcohol Today ◽

10.1108/dat-02-2020-0006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 283-294

Author(s):

Ayda A. Yurekli ◽

Patricia Kovacevic ◽

Emil Sunley ◽

Karthik Ranganathan

Keyword(s):

Simulation Analysis ◽

Health Impact ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Economic Research ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

Premature Deaths ◽

Nicotine Delivery ◽

The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to describe the various government measures that regulate the market for novel tobacco harm reduction products (THRPs), with an emphasis on e-cigarettes [electronic nicotine delivery systems (“ENDS”)], and evaluates the public health impact of excise taxes levied on these products. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews the economic research on the impact ENDS. Using cited evidence, the paper compares the tax treatment of ENDS and cigarettes and provides a simulation of potential lives that can be saved under alternative tax treatment of ENDS. Findings ENDS are considerably less harmful than cigarettes. Imposing the same tax burden on them (per unit of “harm”) as on cigarettes leads to poorer health outcomes. Differential tax treatment of ENDS will encourage more cigarette smokers to switch to ENDS and could save millions of lives worldwide. Research limitations/implications Country experiences with regulatory measures on ENDS are limited to those with high THRP penetration. The paper’s simulation analysis used evidence from a limited number of studies. Rigorous economic analysis is needed to understand how ENDS could save lives and could prevent expected one billion premature deaths by the end of this century. Originality/value The paper uses research evidence in its analysis of the impact that the differential taxation of cigarettes and ENDS would have. It also provides a rough estimate of the number of lives that could be saved if more smokers who are trying to quit can make the switch to ENDS.

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New Zealand tobacco retailers’ understandings of and attitudes towards selling Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: a qualitative exploration

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055173 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2019-055173 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jerram Bateman ◽

Lindsay Robertson ◽

Louise Marsh ◽

Louise Thornley ◽

Janet Hoek

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Risks And Benefits ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Nicotine Delivery ◽

Qualitative Exploration ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Incorrect Information

IntroductionIn 2017, the New Zealand Government signalled its intent to legalise the widespread sale of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), which many New Zealand retailers have actually sold for several years. Although ENDS uptake may reduce the harm smokers face, it requires them to adopt an entirely new practice; we therefore explored how effectively existing non-specialist tobacco retailers could advise and support potential quitters.MethodsUsing in-depth interviews with 18 tobacco retailers (prior to legislative change), we explored knowledge of ENDS, attitudes towards selling ENDS and supporting customers’ cessation attempts, perceptions of ENDS’ risks and benefits, and views on the proposed legislation.ResultsParticipants generally had poor knowledge of ENDS products and provided either no advice or gave incorrect information to customers. They believed that the main benefit consumers would realise from using ENDS rather than tobacco would be cost savings; relatively, few saw ENDS as smoking cessation devices. Those who stocked ENDS did so despite reporting very low customer demand, and saw tobacco as more important to their business than ENDS, citing higher repeat business, ancillary sales and rebates. Participants typically supported liberalising ENDS availability, though several expressed concerns about potential youth uptake.ConclusionsTobacco retailers’ limited understanding of ENDS, and the higher value they placed on tobacco, suggests they may have little capacity or inclination to support ENDS users to quit smoking. Licensing schemes for both ENDS and smoked tobacco could simultaneously reduce supply of smoked tobacco while requiring ENDS retailers to meet minimum knowledge standards.

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Electronic nicotine delivery systems: the need for continued regulatory innovation

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056622 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056622

Author(s):

Brian J Miller ◽

Andrew B Meshnick ◽

Boris D Lushniak

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Harm Reduction ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

The Public ◽

Nicotine Concentration ◽

Nicotine Delivery ◽

Reduction Approach

The recent surge in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or electronic cigarette use among both adolescents and adults challenged tobacco regulatory frameworks worldwide. In this article, we review recent US Food and Drug Administration regulatory approaches to tobacco products, including attempts to regulate nicotine concentration and address youth use. We examine recent drives to promote a harm reduction approach in other product markets such as opioids, where the use of methadone and related therapies promote the public health. We describe the potential of a harm reduction framework for ENDS regulation based on tiered nicotine exposure standards coupled with risk-based product distribution controls that would enable ENDS products to meet the ‘Appropriate for the Protection of the Public Health’ standard required for tobacco product market entry. A harm reduction approach to ENDS regulation could help countries achieve the laudable public health goals of transitioning existing combustion cigarette users to ENDS products while preventing adolescent ENDS use and subsequent nicotine addiction.

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Effect of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems on Cigarette Abstinence in Smokers with no Plans to Quit: Exploratory Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

10.1101/2021.06.22.21259359 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jonathan Foulds ◽

Caroline O Cobb ◽

Miao-Shan Yen ◽

Susan Veldheer ◽

Phoebe Brosnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Exploratory Analysis ◽

Smoking Reduction ◽

Double Blind ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Nicotine Delivery ◽

Penn State ◽

Virginia Commonwealth University

Introduction: The extent to which use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) for smoking reduction leads to cigarette abstinence in smokers with no plans to quit smoking is unclear. This exploratory analysis examined the effects of ENDS delivering different amounts of nicotine on cigarette abstinence up to 24-week follow-up, in comparison to placebo or a behavioral substitute. Methods: This four-arm parallel-group, randomized placebo-controlled trial took place at two academic medical centers in USA (Penn State Hershey and Virginia Commonwealth University). Participants were current adult smokers (N=520) interested in reducing but not planning to quit. They received brief advice and were randomized to one of four 24-week conditions, receiving either an eGo-style ENDS paired with 0, 8 or 36 mg/ml nicotine liquid (double-blind) or a cigarette-shaped tube, as a cigarette substitute (CS). Self-reported daily cigarette consumption and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) were measured at all study visits. Outcomes included intent-to-treat, self-reported 7-day cigarette abstinence, biochemically confirmed by exhaled CO at 24 weeks after randomization. Results: At 24 weeks, significantly more participants in the 36 mg/ml condition (14/130, 10.8%) than in the 0 mg/ml condition (1/130, 0.8%) and the CS condition (4/130, 3.1%) were abstinent (relative risk = 14 [95% CI=1.9-104.9] and 3.5 [95% CI=1.2-10.4], respectively). The abstinence rate in the 8 mg/ml condition was 4.6% (6/130). Conclusions: When smokers seeking to reduce smoking tried ENDS, few quit smoking in the short term. However, if smokers continued to use an ENDS with cigarette-like nicotine delivery, a greater proportion completely switched to ENDS, as compared with placebo or a cigarette substitute.

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Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Rejection Measure

PsycTESTS Dataset ◽

10.1037/t77883-000 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Scott R. Weaver ◽

J. Wesley Heath ◽

David L. Ashley ◽

Jidong Huang ◽

Terry F. Pechacek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Nicotine Delivery

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Injuries associated with electronic nicotine delivery systems

Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery ◽

10.1097/ta.0000000000002834 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Tom Vyncke ◽

Edward De Wolf ◽

Henk Hoeksema ◽

Jozef Verbelen ◽

Petra De Coninck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Nicotine Delivery

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Guidance to Employers on Integrating E-Cigarettes/Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Into Tobacco Worksite Policy

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1097/jom.0000000000000420 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 334-343 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Laurie P. Whitsel ◽

Neal Benowitz ◽

Aruni Bhatnagar ◽

Chris Bullen ◽

Fred Goldstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Nicotine Delivery

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Statewide vaping product excise tax policy and use of electronic nicotine delivery systems among US young adults, 2014–2019

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056653 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056653

Author(s):

Dae-Hee Han ◽

Dong-Chul Seo ◽

Hsien-Chang Lin

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Tax Policy ◽

State Level ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ◽

Us States ◽

Excise Tax ◽

Nicotine Delivery ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

State Changes

ObjectivesAn increasing number of US states have required a tax on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) in the past few years. This study evaluated the effect of statewide vaping product excise tax policy on ENDS use among young adults.MethodsWe used the two recent waves (2014–2019) of the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. A total of 17 896 US young adults were analysed. Difference-in-differences approach along with weighted multilevel logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association of vaping product excise tax policy adoption with current ENDS use, accounting for the clustering of respondents within the same states.ResultsThere was an increase in current ENDS use prevalence from 2014–2015 (3.4%) to 2018–2019 (5.4%). The presence of a tax on ENDS products was significantly associated with reduced current ENDS use (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.64, 95% CI=0.43 to 0.95). Importantly, respondents living in states with the policy showed significantly lower increase in ENDS use prevalence during the study period (interaction between within-state changes and between-state differences: AOR=0.57, 95% CI=0.35 to 0.91), controlling for other state-level policies and sociodemographic characteristics.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that adopting a vaping product excise tax policy may help reduce ENDS use and suppress the increase of ENDS use prevalence among young adults. Considering that there are still a number of US states that have not implemented vaping product excise tax policy, wider adoption of such policy across the nation would likely help mitigate ENDS use prevalence.

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