scholarly journals Laboratory Parameters of Hemostasis, Adhesion Molecules, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Correlation with Glycemic Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Palella ◽  
Rossella Cimino ◽  
Salvatore A. Pullano ◽  
Antonino S. Fiorillo ◽  
Elio Gulletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Pai 1

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by a prothrombotic state, predisposing to vascular complications. Some related markers, linking thrombophilia to hemostasis and inflammation, however, have been poorly explored in relation to patients’ glycemia. We therefore investigated the association of laboratory hemostatic parameters, circulating adhesion molecules (ADMs), white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with T2DM and glycemic control. Research design: In this study, 82 subjects, grouped into T2DM patients (n = 41) and healthy individuals (n = 41) were enrolled. To evaluate glycemic control, the T2DM cohort was expanded to 133 patients and sub-classified according to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% and ≥ 7% (n = 58 and n = 75, respectively). We assessed glycemia, HbA1c, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), platelet and leukocyte parameters, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and selectins (E-, P-, L-). Results: PT % activity, PAI-1, VCAM-1, WBC, and neutrophil counts were significantly higher in T2DM patients than in healthy subjects. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) was correlated with increased PT activity (p = 0.015), and higher levels of E-selectin (p = 0.009), P-selectin (p = 0.012), and NLR (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Both T2DM and poor glycemic control affect some parameters of hemostasis, inflammation, and adhesion molecules. Further studies are needed to establish their clinical utility as adjuvant markers for cardio-vascular risk in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Correlation between atherogenic factors in complicated and uncomplicated type 2 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Rajdeepak V. S. ◽  
Rekha G. ◽  
Jayashree S. C.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemia. The factors contributing to hyperglycemia include reduced insulin secretion, decreased glucose utilization and increased glucose production. The vascular complications of DM are subdivided into microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease). There is an observed disparity between various vascular complications of diabetes and the atherogenic factors.Methods: The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending outpatient and inpatient departments in Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and hospital, from September 2014 to September 2016 were selected for this study. All patients were subjected to detailed history, physical examination and laboratory investigations with respect to complications of diabetes mellitus.Results: In this study, 76% of the patients had poor glycemic control with elevated HbA1c >7%. 38% of patients had normal BMI. 36% of patients were overweight and 26% were obese. 62% of patients were either overweight or obese. Hypercholesterolemia was seen in 26% of patients with poor glycemic control. Hyperhomocysteinemia was present in 38% of patients with microvascular complications and 33% of patients with macrovascular complications.Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes mellitus showed a strong correlation between glycemic status and incidence of diabetes complications. Hypercholesterolemia and hyperhomocysteinemia have added to the increased incidence of complications as additional factors in metabolic derangements as a consequence of poor glycemic control.

scholarly journals Levels of soluble cell adhesion molecules in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with macrovascular complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 030006051989385
Author(s):  
Gehan A Hegazy ◽  
Zuhier Awan ◽  
Enayat Hashem ◽  
Nabil Al-Ama ◽  
Asmaa Basha Abunaji
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Soluble Adhesion Molecules

Objective Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a main risk factor for development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and endothelial dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate serum levels of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), and endothelium selectin (sE-selectin) in T2DM patients with macrovascular complications. Methods A cross-sectional study of 21 controls, 30 T2DM patients without CVDs, and 30 T2DM patients with CVDs was conducted. Serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules including sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sE-selectin were determined using ELISA. Results Serum levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sE-selectin were higher in T2DM patients than in controls. Levels of serum sVCAM-1 were higher in T2DM patients with CVDs compared with T2DM patients without CVDs. In T2DM patients with CVDs, significant positive associations were observed between sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and sE-selectin levels (r = 0.575, p = 0.001 and r = 0.378, p = 0.040). Conclusions Circulating levels of soluble adhesion molecules were elevated in T2DM patients, regardless of whether the patients had cardiovascular complications. Only sVCAM-1 was considered a useful marker for the prediction of CVDs in T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Utility of Triglyceride-Glucose index in predicting glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1444-1448
Author(s):  
Santosh Timalsina ◽  
Shishir Mahato ◽  
Sandesh Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tyg Index

Introduction: Insulin resistance (IR) and glycemic control are two very important aspects to be considered during management of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a simple and inexpensive parameter that correlates well with IR and glycemic control. Objectives: To explore the association of TyG index (and other TyG derived indices) with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and evaluate their predictive ability for glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methodology: This cross-sectional study comprised of 160 adult patients diagnosed with T2DM visiting the medical outpatient department of Chitwan Medical College, Bharatpur, Chitwan between July–December 2019. Socio-demographic data and anthropometric measurements were collected. Glycemic control was assessed by HbA1c. TyG index was calculated by the formula: ln [fasting TG (mg/dl) x fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to analyze the predictive ability of TyG-index for poor glycemic control. Results: One hundred and sixty patients (mean age: 53.6 ± 10.7 years, 55.0% males) were included in the study. Eighty (50.0%) had good glycemic control (HbA1c <7.0%). TyG index, along with TyG-BMI and TyG-WC (other TyG derived indices) were significantly increased in the poor glycemic control group. TyG index had a good predictive ability for poor glycemic control (AUC: 0.803, 95% CI: 0.731 – 0.874). A TyG cutoff ≥ 9.12 was optimal for predicting poor glycemic control, with 86.1% sensitivity and 61.5% specificity. Conclusion: TyG index could be a simple and cost-effective screening tool for assessment of glycemic control in patients with T2DM.

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