scholarly journals Analysis of Stress Factors for Female Professors at Online Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marialuz Arántzazu García-González ◽  
Fermín Torrano ◽  
Guillermo García-González
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Primary Stress ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The University ◽  
Mental Overload

The aim of this paper is to analyze the primary stress factors female professors at online universities are exposed to. The technique used for the prospective and exploratory analysis was the Delphi method. Two rounds of consultations were done with fourteen judges with broad experience in health and safety at work and university teaching who reached a consensus of opinion regarding a list of nine psychosocial risk factors. Among the most important risk factors, mental overload, time pressure, the lack of a schedule, and emotional exhaustion were highlighted. These risk factors are related to the usage and expansion of information and communication technology (ICT) and to the university system itself, which requires initiating more research in the future in order to develop the intervention programs needed to fortify the health of the affected teachers and protect them from stress and other psychosocial risks.

scholarly journals Estratégias pedagógicas na educação médica ante os desafios da Covid-19: uma revisão de escopo

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires ◽  
Dalvan Antônio de Campos ◽  
Zeno Carlos Tesser Junior ◽  
João Batista de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Bárbara de Oliveira Turatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Medical Learning ◽  
Key Topics ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The University

Abstract: Introduction: The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important. Several strategies were used by teachers worldwide to continue their teaching activities. Objective: to investigate the strategies and uses of ICT in medical education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Five databases were systematically assessed, using the terms “COVID-19”, “medical education”, “higher education” and “students”, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, resulting in 321 initial citations, with 18 final references after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Four key topics were identified in the literature: (1) Challenges for Medical Education prior to COVID-19; (2) Challenges in migrating to remote education; (3) Strategies to overcome challenges related to the learning environment; and (4) Strategies to overcome challenges related to assessments and exams. Conclusion: The use of ICT in medical education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed to be especially important, with considerations regarding the improvement in areas that were already used, the migration of some more articulated areas and experiences in clinical and procedural disciplines. There was also concern about the impacts of using ICT to replace the in-person presence of students in medical learning environments.

Towards Reducing Common Ergonomic Hazards and Alleviating Techno-Stress Associated with the Adoption of Information and Communication Technology

2013 ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Akinlolu Agboola
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
University Of Botswana ◽  
Network Connection ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The University

The paper examines how to alleviate ergonomic hazard and techno-stress associated with the adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The University of Botswana was used as a case study. Personal observation and interviews were used to elicit information from the staff and students of the University. The rate of adoption of ICT was very high in the University. Most daily routines of academic and administrative duties were done through the Webct and network connection to mopipi.ub.bw. However, a serious gap was discovered in ergonomic practices because design of workstations did not perfectly match the standard expected to facilitate functionality and usability. It is imperative for the university to adopt the provisions of occupational health and safety policy to harmonize the environment, tools, and workers to achieve maximum efficiency and optimal performance.

scholarly journals Clandestine Abortions in Cameroon: Risk Factors for Severe Complications

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Elie Nkwabong ◽  
Efuetnkeng Bechem ◽  
Joseph Nelson Fomulu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Dilatation And Curettage ◽  
The University

Objective (s): The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for severe complications (SC) of clandestine abortions.Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted between March 1st and August 31st, 2012 in the maternities of the University Teaching Hospital and the Central Hospital, Yaoundé (Cameroon). Files of women with clandestine abortions were recruited. Main variables studied were maternal age, parity, gestational age, the method used, the time interval between abortion and consultation, the complications presented. Data of women with SC were compared to those of women who had with non severe or no complications (NC). Fisher exact test and student t test were used for comparison. The significance level was p=0.05.Results: Amongst 94 women, 76 (80.9%) had SC against 18 (19.1%) with NC.Risk factors for SC were gestational age e”12 weeks (OR 2.7, 95%CI 0.8-8.9), abortion carried out with dilatation and curettage/evacuation (OR 2.4, 95%CI 0.6-9.2) or with intramuscular injection of a non specified medication (four cases against zero respectively), by a nurse (OR 1.4, 95%CI 0.5- 4.1), by a friend (nine cases against zero respectively) or a traditional healer (three cases against zero respectively). Other risk factors were abortion carried out in a primary health center (OR 1.5, 95%CI 0.4-4.7) and late consultation after abortion (P=0.0404).Conclusions: For prevention of severe post abortal complications, women and abortionists should be informed on these risk factors.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2014; Vol. 29(1) : 21-25

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Resistant Neisseria gonorrhea to Ceftriaxone and Ciprofloxacin using Partial Proportional Odds Model for patients seen at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRISCILLA KAPOMBE ◽  
LUNGOWE SITALI ◽  
PATRICK MUSONDA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Proportional Odds Model ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Proportional Odds ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhea ◽  
Partial Proportional Odds Model ◽  
The University ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Abstract Background Neisseria gonorrhea, the causative agent of Gonorrhea, has developed antibiotic resistance to the “last-line” Cephalosporin’s, Quinolones and Macrolides which is cause for concern. In Zambia, despite recommendations of discontinued use, Ciprofloxacin is used for treatment. The lack of an active surveillance system, appropriate and structured data management and analysis tools magnifies the problem because resistance patterns cannot be monitored. The study aimed to ascertain effectiveness of Ciprofloxacin a Quinolone in comparison with Ceftriaxone a Cephalosporin, in treatment of Gonorrhea using Susceptibility testing; and to identify possible risk factors associated with resistance. Methods Study design was parallel non-inferior quasi experimental study. Patients at the University Teaching Hospital with discharge and Gonorrhea symptoms who gave consent, were recruited. Fishers Exact Test for associations was used. Data was analyzed using Ordinal logistic regression as the Susceptibility was at 3 levels; Susceptible, Intermediate or Resistant with an assumed Ordinal nature. Proportionality assumption was checked, and when violated Partial Proportional Odds Model was used instead. Results A total of 104 isolates were obtained. The overall proportion of patients who had Susceptible, Intermediate and Resistant results were: 49 (47.1%), 55 (52.9%) and 0 (0) for Ceftriaxone and 70 (68.0%), 10 (9.7%) and 22 (22.3%) for Ciprofloxacin respectively. Adjusted estimates in partial Proportional Odds model showed that, Males were 4.1 (95% CI; 1.8, 9.4, p-value=0.001) times more likely to have Intermediate or Susceptible results compared to Resistance than females, or they were more likely to have Susceptible compared to Resistance or Intermediate result compared to females. Ciprofloxacin was 70% less likely than Ceftriaxone of having susceptible or intermediate results compared to resistance and this could be as high as 90% and as high as 40% p-values <0.001). Conclusion Level of Ciprofloxacin resistance detected from the Susceptibility testing, shows it is not an effective treatment for Gonorrhea. Ceftriaxone remains a satisfactory option for first-line treatment of Gonorrhea at UTH. Risk factors identified to be associated with resistance in this study were being female and use of Ciprofloxacin. Ethical Clearance Ethical clearance was obtained from University of Zambia Biomedical Ethics Research Committee (UNZABREC Ref # 033-06-17).

scholarly journals Pedagogical strategies in medical education to the challenges of Covid-19: scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires ◽  
Dalvan Antônio de Campos ◽  
Zeno Carlos Tesser Junior ◽  
João Batista de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Bárbara de Oliveira Turatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Medical Learning ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The University

Abstract: Introduction: The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important. Several strategies were used by teachers worldwide to continue their teaching activities. Objective: to investigate the strategies and uses of ICT in medical education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Five databases were systematically assessed, using the terms “COVID-19”, “medical education”, “higher education” and “students”, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, resulting in 321 initial citations, with 18 final references after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Four key topics were identified in the literature: (1) Challenges for Medical Education prior to COVID-19; (2) Challenges in migrating to remote education; (3) Strategies to overcome challenges related to the learning environment; and (4) Strategies to overcome challenges related to assessments and exams. Conclusion: The use of ICT in medical education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed to be especially important, with considerations regarding the improvement in areas that were already used, the migration of some more articulated areas and experiences in clinical and procedural disciplines. There was also concern about the impacts of using ICT to replace the in-person presence of students in medical learning environments.

A Smart University for a Smart City

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Nuzzaci ◽  
Loredana La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
University Teaching ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Communication Devices ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The University

The use of technological devices has changed the way individuals interact with their university environment. This paper examines the use of a smart context as a link between individuals and their university environment through an exemplification of the urgent problems deriving from different domains and technological systems, as well as of information and communication devices employed in university teaching-learning contexts, to improve the quality of higher education and individuals’ cultural life. When does the university become “smart”? It is not sufficient that universities define themselves as smart places to underline the main challenges they must face in their efforts to become and remain smart. The article recognizes a university as a “smart” institution when it has its roots in the understanding and critical awareness of the basic knowledge, in the identification of the more realistic competencies and the search for the meanings of a “smart university community” that pursues high quality. The paper concludes with an account of the experience of the ICT Centre of the University of Ferrara, who try to achieve these goals, implies the adoption of innovative perspectives, and discusses the building of a new culture putting in the middle a “smart university” and its cultural principles.

scholarly journals Burden and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia Aged 5 – 16 Years at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka - Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Nchimunya Machila ◽  
◽  
Chishala Chabala ◽  
Chisambo Mwaba ◽  
Catherine Chunda-Liyoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Dipstick Urinalysis ◽  
The University

Background: Improved medical care has led to the improved life expectancy of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients hence complications associated with SCA such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) are being seen more frequently. Globally, nephropathy of varying severity occurs in 5 to 18 % of the SCA population across all age groups with a third of the adults proceeding to develop CKD while over 30 % of paediatric SCA patients have CKD in Africa. The mortality rate in SCA patients CKD is high. This study sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors of CKD in SCA, information that was not available in Zambia prior to this study. This information will guide in targeting and timing of screening for CKD in SCA in children in our population. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of haematuria, proteinuria, abnormal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), CKD, and risk factors of CKD among the steady-state SCA patients aged 5 to 16 years at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), Lusaka. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of 197 children aged 5 to 16 years with SCA at the UTH - Lusaka conducted from August 2014 to July 2015. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Urine and blood samples were used to determine the urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) and full blood count /blood biochemistry respectively. CKD was defined and determined using the Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative 2012 guidelines employing urine ACR, dipstick urinalysis and eGFR. In this study, spot urine ACR and dipstick urinalysis were done and repeated three months later if initial tests were abnormal. Data was analysed using SPSS version 21. Chi-square and t-test were used to compare proportions between groups. Relation between study variables and CKD were examined using logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 9.6 years (SD ±3.6). Male to female ratio was 1:1. The median age at diagnosis of SCA was 22 months (IQR = 44). The prevalence of haematuria, proteinuria and CKD among the study participants was 14.2%, 36% and 36 % respectively. Low haemoglobin and elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were associated with CKD-AOR 0.62, 95% CI; 0.46-0.84 and 1.04, 95% CI; 1.01 – 1.08 respectively. Recurrent admissions (due to VOCs, severe anaemia and febrile illness) were also risk factors associated with CKD- AOR 0.52, 95% CI; 0.27-0.98. CKD was not associated with age at enrolment, sex, age at diagnosis of SCA, recurrent Vaso-occlusive crisis (VOCs) or abnormal liver function tests. Conclusion: The prevalence of CKD among the SCA patients at UTH- Lusaka is high (36%) with lower Haemoglobin, elevated MCV and recurrent admissions being risk factors for developing CKD. SCA patients should be screened for CKD routinely at least once a year. Interventions such as the early introduction of hydroxyurea, proactive blood transfusions and ACE inhibitors can reduce the risk of CKD and its progression to end-stage renal disease.

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