scholarly journals Recognizing Emotions through Facial Expressions: A Largescale Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7420
Author(s):  
Artemisa R. Dores ◽  
Fernando Barbosa ◽  
Cristina Queirós ◽  
Irene P. Carvalho ◽  
Mark D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Additional Consideration ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Affective Content ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Neutral Face ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
White Adults

Experimental research examining emotional processes is typically based on the observation of images with affective content, including facial expressions. Future studies will benefit from databases with emotion-inducing stimuli in which characteristics of the stimuli potentially influencing results can be controlled. This study presents Portuguese normative data for the identification of seven facial expressions of emotions (plus a neutral face), on the Radboud Faces Database (RaFD). The effect of participants’ gender and models’ sex on emotion recognition was also examined. Participants (N = 1249) were exposed to 312 pictures of white adults displaying emotional and neutral faces with a frontal gaze. Recognition agreement between the displayed and participants’ chosen expressions ranged from 69% (for anger) to 97% (for happiness). Recognition levels were significantly higher among women than among men only for anger and contempt. The emotion recognition was higher either in female models or in male models depending on the emotion. Overall, the results show high recognition levels of the facial expressions presented, indicating that the RaFD provides adequate stimuli for studies examining the recognition of facial expressions of emotion among college students. Participants’ gender had a limited influence on emotion recognition, but the sex of the model requires additional consideration.

Normal Recognition of Emotion in a Prosopagnosic

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p5067 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley C Duchaine ◽  
Holly Parker ◽  
Ken Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Face Perception ◽  
Solid Support ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Identity Recognition ◽  
Facial Identity ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

In the leading model of face perception, facial identity and facial expressions of emotion are recognized by separate mechanisms. In this report, we provide evidence supporting the independence of these processes by documenting an individual with severely impaired recognition of facial identity yet normal recognition of facial expressions of emotion. NM, a 40-year-old prosopagnosic, showed severely impaired performance on five of six tests of facial identity recognition. In contrast, she performed in the normal range on four different tests of emotion recognition. Because the tests of identity recognition and emotion recognition assessed her abilities in a variety of ways, these results provide solid support for models in which identity recognition and emotion recognition are performed by separate processes.

Emotion Recognition of Facial Expressions Presented in Profile

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412110184
Author(s):  
Paola Surcinelli ◽  
Federica Andrei ◽  
Ornella Montebarocci ◽  
Silvana Grandi
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Profile View ◽  
The Face ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Face Stimuli ◽  
Affective Information

Aim of the research The literature on emotion recognition from facial expressions shows significant differences in recognition ability depending on the proposed stimulus. Indeed, affective information is not distributed uniformly in the face and recent studies showed the importance of the mouth and the eye regions for a correct recognition. However, previous studies used mainly facial expressions presented frontally and studies which used facial expressions in profile view used a between-subjects design or children faces as stimuli. The present research aims to investigate differences in emotion recognition between faces presented in frontal and in profile views by using a within subjects experimental design. Method The sample comprised 132 Italian university students (88 female, Mage = 24.27 years, SD = 5.89). Face stimuli displayed both frontally and in profile were selected from the KDEF set. Two emotion-specific recognition accuracy scores, viz., frontal and in profile, were computed from the average of correct responses for each emotional expression. In addition, viewing times and response times (RT) were registered. Results Frontally presented facial expressions of fear, anger, and sadness were significantly better recognized than facial expressions of the same emotions in profile while no differences were found in the recognition of the other emotions. Longer viewing times were also found when faces expressing fear and anger were presented in profile. In the present study, an impairment in recognition accuracy was observed only for those emotions which rely mostly on the eye regions.

scholarly journals Review: Posed vs. Genuine Facial Emotion Recognition and Expression in Autism and Implications for Intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Webster ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Cartoon Characters

Different styles of social interaction are one of the core characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Social differences among individuals with ASD often include difficulty in discerning the emotions of neurotypical people based on their facial expressions. This review first covers the rich body of literature studying differences in facial emotion recognition (FER) in those with ASD, including behavioral studies and neurological findings. In particular, we highlight subtle emotion recognition and various factors related to inconsistent findings in behavioral studies of FER in ASD. Then, we discuss the dual problem of FER – namely facial emotion expression (FEE) or the production of facial expressions of emotion. Despite being less studied, social interaction involves both the ability to recognize emotions and to produce appropriate facial expressions. How others perceive facial expressions of emotion in those with ASD has remained an under-researched area. Finally, we propose a method for teaching FER [FER teaching hierarchy (FERTH)] based on recent research investigating FER in ASD, considering the use of posed vs. genuine emotions and static vs. dynamic stimuli. We also propose two possible teaching approaches: (1) a standard method of teaching progressively from simple drawings and cartoon characters to more complex audio-visual video clips of genuine human expressions of emotion with context clues or (2) teaching in a field of images that includes posed and genuine emotions to improve generalizability before progressing to more complex audio-visual stimuli. Lastly, we advocate for autism interventionists to use FER stimuli developed primarily for research purposes to facilitate the incorporation of well-controlled stimuli to teach FER and bridge the gap between intervention and research in this area.

scholarly journals Brain Network Involved in the Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion in the Early Blind

i-Perception ◽  
10.1068/ic956 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 956-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kitada ◽  
Yuko Okamoto ◽  
Akihiro T Sasaki ◽  
Takanori Kochiyama ◽  
Motohide Miyahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Gender differences in facial emotion recognition in persons with chronic schizophrenia

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Weiss ◽  
Christian G. Kohler ◽  
Colleen M. Brensinger ◽  
Warren B. Bilker ◽  
James Loughead ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Recognition Test ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Recognition Errors

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present study was to investigate possible sex differences in the recognition of facial expressions of emotion and to investigate the pattern of classification errors in schizophrenic males and females. Such an approach provides an opportunity to inspect the degree to which males and females differ in perceiving and interpreting the different emotions displayed to them and to analyze which emotions are most susceptible to recognition errors.MethodsFifty six chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients (38 men and 18 women) completed the Penn Emotion Recognition Test (ER40), a computerized emotion discrimination test presenting 40 color photographs of evoked happy, sad, anger, fear expressions and neutral expressions balanced for poser gender and ethnicity.ResultsWe found a significant sex difference in the patterns of error rates in the Penn Emotion Recognition Test. Neutral faces were more commonly mistaken as angry in schizophrenic men, whereas schizophrenic women misinterpreted neutral faces more frequently as sad. Moreover, female faces were better recognized overall, but fear was better recognized in same gender photographs, whereas anger was better recognized in different gender photographs.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study lend support to the notion that sex differences in aggressive behavior could be related to a cognitive style characterized by hostile attributions to neutral faces in schizophrenic men.

scholarly journals Student Prize-Winning Abstracts 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
Sharpley Hsieh ◽  
Olivier Piguet ◽  
John R. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotion Detection ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Neural Networks ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
Recognition Of Emotions ◽  
Valence And Arousal

AbstractIntroduction: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurode-generative brain disease characterised clinically by abnormalities in behaviour, cognition and language. Two subgroups, behavioural-variant FTD (bvFTD) and semantic dementia (SD), also show impaired emotion recognition particularly for negative emotions. This deficit has been demonstrated using visual stimuli such as facial expressions. Whether recognition of emotions conveyed through other modalities — for example, music — is also impaired has not been investigated. Methods: Patients with bvFTD, SD and Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as healthy age-matched controls, labeled tunes according to the emotion conveyed (happy, sad, peaceful or scary). In addition, each tune was also rated along two orthogonal emotional dimensions: valence (pleasant/unpleasant) and arousal (stimulating/relaxing). Participants also undertook a facial emotion recognition test and other cognitive tests. Integrity of basic music detection (tone, tempo) was also examined. Results: Patient groups were matched for disease severity. Overall, patients did not differ from controls with regard to basic music processing or for the recognition of facial expressions. Ratings of valence and arousal were similar across groups. In contrast, SD patients were selectively impaired at recognising music conveying negative emotions (sad and scary). Patients with bvFTD did not differ from controls. Conclusion: Recognition of emotions in music appears to be selectively affected in some FTD subgroups more than others, a disturbance of emotion detection which appears to be modality specific. This finding suggests dissociation in the neural networks necessary for the processing of emotions depending on modality.

Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion by Persons with Mental Retardation

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mcalpine ◽  
Nirbhay N. Singh ◽  
Kathy A. Kendall ◽  
Cynthia R. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

scholarly journals Foveal processing of emotion-informative facial features

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazire Duran ◽  
ANTHONY P. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Initial Fixation ◽  
Gaze Behaviour

Certain facial features provide useful information for recognition of facial expressions. In two experiments, we investigated whether foveating informative features of briefly presented expressions improves recognition accuracy and whether these features are targeted reflexively when not foveated. Angry, fearful, surprised, and sad or disgusted expressions were presented briefly at locations which would ensure foveation of specific features. Foveating the mouth of fearful, surprised and disgusted expressions improved emotion recognition compared to foveating an eye or cheek or the central brow. Foveating the brow lead to equivocal results in anger recognition across the two experiments, which might be due to the different combination of emotions used. There was no consistent evidence suggesting that reflexive first saccades targeted emotion-relevant features; instead, they targeted the closest feature to initial fixation. In a third experiment, angry, fearful, surprised and disgusted expressions were presented for 5 seconds. Duration of task-related fixations in the eyes, brow, nose and mouth regions was modulated by the presented expression. Moreover, longer fixation at the mouth positively correlated with anger and disgust accuracy both when these expressions were freely viewed (Experiment 3) and when briefly presented at the mouth (Experiment 2). Finally, an overall preference to fixate the mouth across all expressions correlated positively with anger and disgust accuracy. These findings suggest that foveal processing of informative features is functional/contributory to emotion recognition, but they are not automatically sought out when not foveated, and that facial emotion recognition performance is related to idiosyncratic gaze behaviour.

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