Method-Specific Suicide Mortality Trends in Australian Men from 1978 to 2017

In 2017 Australia saw the highest overall suicide rate in the past 10 years, with male suicide rates three times higher than in women. Since the mid-1980s there have been major changes in suicide epidemiology in Australia with large shifts in method of suicide among both men and women. This study examined method-specific suicide trends in Australian men over the past 40 years by state. Suicide mortality data for the period 1978 to 2017 was obtained from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) National Mortality Database and log-linear Poisson regression analysis was used to analyse suicide mortality. This study found large differences between states in patterns and trends in suicide mortality from 1978 to 2017. Hanging, gas and firearms were the most common methods of suicide in Australia. We found statistically significant increasing trends in hanging suicide among men in all six states. The study findings highlight the growing concern of hanging-related suicide in all states in Australia since the late 1970s. New suicide prevention strategies focusing on the ubiquity and ease of hanging as a method will be needed in order for Australia to reduce suicide mortality in future.

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Trends in Melanoma Mortality in Brazil: A Registry-Based Study

JCO Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/go.20.00426 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1766-1771

Author(s):

Guilherme Nader Marta ◽

Rodrigo Ramella Munhoz ◽

Monica La Porte Teixeira ◽

Bernadette Cunha Waldvogel ◽

Veridiana Pires de Camargo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rates ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Demographic Information ◽

Mortality Trend ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Melanoma Mortality

PURPOSE A substantial increase in melanoma incidence has been consistently observed worldwide over the past decades. However, melanoma mortality rates have remained stable or declined over the past years in most regions. Given the paucity of melanoma mortality data for different Brazilian regions, we sought to describe melanoma mortality trends in southeastern Brazil and their relationship with demographic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional registry-based analysis was conducted to describe melanoma mortality trends in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, from 1996 to 2016. Demographic information from melanoma-related death records, including sex and age, was collected from the Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados database. The annual percentage change (APC) was calculated to identify mortality trends over the period. RESULTS An increasing melanoma mortality trend was detected among males, regardless of age (APC, 1.72%; P < .001), and was more pronounced for men ≥ 60 years old (APC, 2.63%; P < .001). Melanoma mortality rates have also increased for patients ≥ 60 years old, regardless of sex (APC, 1.11%; P < .001). A non–statistically significant increase in the overall melanoma mortality rate was observed over the 20-year period analyzed (APC, 0.36%; P = .4). CONCLUSION Our data suggest a stable melanoma mortality over the past two decades for the overall population studied; however, a significant increase in melanoma mortality rates has been demonstrated among males and in the population ≥ 60 years old, emphasizing the need to implement prevention strategies and expand access to effective therapies for this population.

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Widening Socioeconomic, Racial, and Geographic Disparities in HIV/AIDS Mortality in the United States, 1987–2011

Advances in Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/657961 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Gopal K. Singh ◽

Romuladus E. Azuine ◽

Mohammad Siahpush

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Geographic Disparities ◽

Socioeconomic Gradients ◽

Relative Risks ◽

Deprivation Group ◽

Log Linear ◽

Hiv Aids

This study examined the extent to which socioeconomic and racial and geographic disparities in HIV/AIDS mortality in the United States changed between 1987 and 2011. Census-based deprivation indices were linked to county-level mortality data from 1987 to 2009. Log-linear, least-squares, and Poisson regression were used to model mortality trends and differentials. HIV/AIDS mortality rose between 1987 and 1995 and then declined markedly for all groups between 1996 and 2011. Despite the steep mortality decline, socioeconomic gradients and racial and geographic disparities in HIV/AIDS mortality increased substantially during the study period. Compared to whites, blacks had 3 times higher HIV/AIDS mortality in 1987 and 8 times higher mortality in 2011. In 1987, those in the most-deprived group had 1.9 times higher HIV/AIDS mortality than those in the most-affluent group; the corresponding relative risks increased to 2.9 in 1998 and 3.6 in 2009. Socioeconomic gradients existed across all race-sex groups, with mortality risk being 8–16 times higher among blacks than whites within each deprivation group. Dramatic reductions in HIV/AIDS mortality represent a major public health success. However, slower mortality declines among more deprived groups and blacks contributed to the widening gap. Mortality disparities reflect inequalities in incidence, access to antiretroviral therapy, and patient survival.

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Contextual Effects on Male Suicide Mortality in Japan: Changes Over the Past 20 Years.

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyv096.023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. i94-i94

Author(s):

M. Suka ◽

T. Yamauchi ◽

H. Tachimori ◽

T. Takeshima

Keyword(s):

Contextual Effects ◽

Suicide Mortality ◽

The Past ◽

Male Suicide

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Fluctuations in Influenza Epidemics and Suicide Mortality: A Time-Series Regression of 13-Year Mortality Data

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3441827 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sun Jae Jung ◽

Sung-Shil Lim ◽

Jin-Ha Yoon

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Suicide Mortality ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Time Series Regression

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Global, regional, and national mortality trends in youth aged 15–24 years between 1990 and 2019: a systematic analysis

The Lancet Global Health ◽

10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00023-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bruno Masquelier ◽

Lucia Hug ◽

David Sharrow ◽

Danzhen You ◽

Colin Mathers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mortality Trends ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

National Mortality

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P087 Mortality trends from systemic lupus erythematosus in Cuba: 2001-2014

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keab247.085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Halbert Hernández Negrín

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Health Problem ◽

Time Trends ◽

Reference Population ◽

World Health ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Background/Aims There is little research on the mortality of Cuban patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with not enough impact to recognize SLE as a health problem in the country. Our aim was to identify time trends and geographic variability in the mortality of Cuban patients with SLE. Methods Mortality data of decedents over 15 years old were retrieved from the Cuban Ministry of Public Health mortality database, based on International Classification of Disease (ICD), Tenth Revision (ICD-10, code M32). We computed age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for each year and province as the estimated number of deaths per million inhabitants and its 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using World Health Organization reference population. The 2001-2014 time trends were analyzed using Jointpoint software. Results Between 2001 and 2014, 1,054 deaths from SLE were found, mostly women (89.0%), white (54.4%) with a median age of 43 years (interquartile range: 34-53). In 2014 the ASMR caused by SLE per million inhabitants was 14.4 (95% CI: 10.9 to 18.4) in women and 1.3 (95% CI: 0.5 to 3.2) in men. A growing time trend was identified in the ASMR by SLE throughout the period (average annual percentage change [AAPC]: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.6 to 2.6), highest in males (AAPC: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.7 to 9.7) than in females (AAPC: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.3 to 2.0). The highest mortality in women was concentrated in the provinces of Camagüey, Las Tunas and Granma, and in the case of men, in Havana and Ciego de Ávila. Conclusion The variation in the magnitude of the risk of dying from SLE over time and geographic areas indicates the possible influence of biological, environmental, socioeconomic and health systems factors. The growing trend in SLE mortality in Cuba demands its recognition as an important health problem and immediate actions that help mitigate it. Disclosure H. Hernández Negrín: None.

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Change in mean and extreme temperature at Yingkou station in Northeast China from 1904 to 2017

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/s10584-021-02981-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 164 (3-4) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoying Xue ◽

Guoyu Ren ◽

Xiubao Sun ◽

Panfeng Zhang ◽

Yuyu Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Northeast China ◽

Extreme Temperature ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Data Set ◽

The Past ◽

Significant Downward Trend ◽

Cold Events ◽

Temperature Indices ◽

Increasing Trends ◽

Change In Mean

AbstractThe understanding of centennial trends of extreme temperature has been impeded due to the lack of early-year observations. In this paper, we collect and digitize the daily temperature data set of Northeast China Yingkou meteorological station since 1904. After quality control and homogenization, we analyze the changes of mean and extreme temperature in the past 114 years. The results show that mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) all have increasing trends during 1904–2017. The increase of Tmin is the most obvious with the rate of 0.34 °C/decade. The most significant warming occurs in spring and winter with the rate of Tmean reaching 0.32 °C/decade and 0.31 °C/decade, respectively. Most of the extreme temperature indices as defined using absolute and relative thresholds of Tmax and Tmin also show significant changes, with cold events witnessing a more significant downward trend. The change is similar to that reported for global land and China for the past six decades. It is also found that the extreme highest temperature (1958) and lowest temperature (1920) records all occurred in the first half of the whole period, and the change of extreme temperature indices before 1950 is different from that of the recent decades, in particular for diurnal temperature range (DTR), which shows an opposite trend in the two time periods.

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Trends and sociodemographic inequalities in the use of caesarean section in Indonesia, 1987-2017

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003844 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. e003844

Author(s):

Rana Islamiah Zahroh ◽

George Disney ◽

Ana Pilar Betrán ◽

Meghan A. Bohren

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Health Facility ◽

Rate Ratio ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Past ◽

Life Saving ◽

Facility Type ◽

Increasing Trends

IntroductionCaesarean section (CS) rates are increasing globally. CS can be a live-saving procedure when medically indicated, but it comes with higher risks for women and newborns when done without medical indication. Crucially, inequalities in who receives CS exist, both within and across countries. Understanding factors driving increasing rates and inequalities of CS is imperative to optimise the use of this life-saving intervention. This study aimed to investigate trends of CS use and inequalities across sociodemographic characteristics in Indonesia over a 30-year period.MethodsSeven waves of the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey were used to estimate trends and inequalities in CS from 1987 to 2017. Relative and absolute inequalities across a range of sociodemographic characteristics were estimated and trends in inequalities were assessed through changes in rate ratio and rate difference.ResultsThe proportion of facility-based births in Indonesia has increased in the past 30 years, coinciding with an increase in CS rate (CSR) (1991 CSR: 1.6% (95% CI 1.3 to 1.9); 2017 CSR: 17.6% (95% CI 16.7 to 18.5)). Higher rates of CS are observed mostly in Western Indonesia, while lower CSRs are observed in Eastern Indonesia. Inequalities of CSRs in Indonesia are observed across type of health facility (public/private), regions, places of residence, wealth quintiles and maternal education, with the highest CSRs in more affluent and educated groups. Widening absolute inequalities of CS are observed across all sociodemographic characteristics, except facility type, where CSR gaps between public and private facilities have closed on both relative and absolute scales.ConclusionThis study provides evidence of increasing trends in CSRs and widening absolute inequalities in CSRs across different sociodemographic groups of women in Indonesia. The context of increasing CSRs across society, however, may have resulted in more stable relative inequalities. Improving understanding of the drivers of these trends in Indonesia and, particularly, of women’s and providers’ perspectives and preferences for childbirth, should be prioritised to optimise the use of CS.

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Identity crime and misuse in Australia: Results of the 2021 online survey

10.52922/sb78467 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Merran McAlister ◽

Christie Franks

Keyword(s):

National Identity ◽

Online Survey ◽

Personal Information ◽

Financial Loss ◽

Security Strategy ◽

The Past ◽

Australian Institute

This bulletin presents the findings of the latest survey of identity crime and misuse undertaken by the Australian Institute of Criminology as part of the Australian Government’s National Identity Security Strategy. In 2021, 9,956 people across Australia were surveyed about their experience of victimisation over their lifetime and during 2020. Nineteen percent of respondents had experienced misuse of their personal information in their lifetime and seven percent experienced it in the past year—a decline from 2019. Seventy-eight percent of respondents who reported victimisation in the past year experienced a financial loss as a result.

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