scholarly journals Deciphering the COVID-19 Health Economic Dilemma (HED): A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9555
Author(s):  
Arielle Kaim ◽  
Tuvia Gering ◽  
Amiram Moshaiov ◽  
Bruria Adini
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Economic Dilemma

Lessons learnt from the initial stages of the COVID-19 outbreak indicate the need for a more coordinated economic and public health response. While social distancing has been shown to be effective as a non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) measure to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, the economic costs have been substantial. Insights combining epidemiological and economic data provide new theoretical predictions that can be used to better understand the health economy tradeoffs. This literature review aims to elucidate perspectives to assist policy implementation related to the management of the ongoing and impending outbreaks regarding the Health Economic Dilemma (HED). This review unveiled the need for information-based decision-support systems which will combine pandemic spread modelling and control, with economic models. It is expected that the current review will not only support policy makers but will also provide researchers on the development of related decision-support-systems with comprehensive information on the various aspects of the HED.

Decision Support Systems in Indian Organized Retail Sector

2010 ◽  
pp. 1043-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankush Sharma ◽  
Preeta Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
And Control

Retailing is in a rapid state of change due to speedy technological developments, changing competitive positions, varying consumer behaviour as well as their expectations and liberalized regulatory environment. In such a scenario, information is crucial to plan and control profitable retail businesses and it can be an important source of competitive advantage so long as it is affordable and readily available. DSS (Decision Support Systems) which provide timely and accurate information can be viewed as an integrated entity providing management with the tools and information to assist their decision making.

scholarly journals Health economic benefits through the use of diagnostic support systems and expert knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Willmen ◽  
Lukas Völkel ◽  
Simon Ronicke ◽  
Martin C. Hirsch ◽  
Jessica Kaufeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Diagnostic Decision

Abstract Background Rare diseases are difficult to diagnose. Due to their rarity, heterogeneity, and variability, rare diseases often result not only in extensive diagnostic tests and imaging studies, but also in unnecessary repetitions of examinations, which places a greater overall burden on the healthcare system. Diagnostic decision support systems (DDSS) optimized by rare disease experts and used early by primary care physicians and specialists are able to significantly shorten diagnostic processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate reductions in diagnostic costs incurred in rare disease cases brought about by rapid referral to an expert and diagnostic decision support systems. Methods Retrospectively, diagnostic costs from disease onset to diagnosis were analyzed in 78 patient cases from the outpatient clinic for rare inflammatory systemic diseases at Hannover Medical School. From the onset of the first symptoms, all diagnostic measures related to the disease were taken from the patient files and documented for each day. The basis for the health economic calculations was the Einheitlicher Bewertungsmaßstab (EBM) used in Germany for statutory health insurance, which assigns a fixed flat rate to the various medical services. For 76 cases we also calculated the cost savings that would have been achieved by the diagnosis support system Ada DX applied by an expert. Results The expert was able to achieve significant savings for patients with long courses of disease. On average, the expert needed only 27 % of the total costs incurred in the individual treatment odysseys to make the correct diagnosis. The expert also needed significantly less time and avoided unnecessary examination repetitions. If a DDSS had been applied early in the 76 cases studied, only 51–68 % of the total costs would have incurred and the diagnosis would have been made earlier. Earlier diagnosis would have significantly reduced costs. Conclusion The study showed that significant savings in the diagnostic process of rare diseases can be achieved through rapid referral to an expert and the use of DDSS. Faster diagnosis not only achieves savings, but also enables the right therapy and thus an increase in the quality of life for patients.

An overview of the posters presented at Watermatex 2000. II. Sensor/monitoring, control and decision support systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 381-386
Author(s):  
E. I. Volcke ◽  
L. Clement ◽  
M. Van De Steene ◽  
P. A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Combined Sewer Overflows ◽  
Poster Sessions ◽  
And Control ◽  
Sensor Monitoring

This paper gives an overview of the poster sessions on sensor/monitoring, control and decision support systems, as they have been presented during the Watermatex 2000 conference. The COST benchmark for the comparison of different control strategies has been analysed. Two different teams have performed research on the control of sewers to decrease combined sewer overflows. Extended methods for gauge monitoring accuracy are proposed. The use of adaptive controllers for improving control performance under varying process conditions is demonstrated in two applications. More advanced techniques for monitoring and control are also discussed. Applications are situated in the field of fault detection and control. Three posters on decision support systems have presented the methodology and architecture of specific applications. Rewarded posters are mentioned and have been selected for full paper publication in this issue of Wat. Sci. Tech.

Model blindness: A Framework for Understanding how Model-Based Decision Support Systems can Lead to Performance Degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 680-684
Author(s):  
Sweta Parmar ◽  
David A. Illingworth ◽  
Rickey P. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Model Based ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Model-Based Decision Support Systems (MDSS) are ubiquitous in many high-consequence domains like emergency management and military command and control. This paper proposes a framework of model-blindness imposed by MDSS via filtering relevant information and presenting irrelevant information to the decision-maker, causing performance degradation. The paper also defines novel categories of performance: model-limited, strategy-limited, and context-limited. We propose a theoretical confluence model of operator performance under model blindness and a framework to evaluate model blindness empirically. We report simulation results to demonstrate the impact of model blindness on performance and outline mitigation strategies for designers and developers of MDSS. The recommendations and insights can be used to evaluate the limitations associated with particular MDSS before implementation.

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