scholarly journals Factors of the Ecosystem Service Value in Water Conservation Areas Considering the Natural Environment and Human Activities: A Case Study of Funiu Mountain, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11074
Author(s):  
Chunyang Guo ◽  
Jianhua Gao ◽  
Boyan Zhou ◽  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Ecosystem Service Value ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Funiu Mountain ◽  
Water Conservation Area

Water conservation areas play an important role in regional ecological security patterns. The Funiu Mountain water conservation area is located in the densely populated central region of China, where human disturbance to the ecosystem is strong and ecosystem services are facing a very serious situation. Identifying and evaluating the factors leading to changes in the ecosystem service value (ESV) of the Funiu Mountain water conservation area can provide scientific guidance for ecological management and sustainable development. Using multi-source data and machine learning methods, our research reveals the characteristics of the spatio-temporal variation in the ESV, constructs a system of ESV influencing factors from the comprehensive perspectives of the natural environment and human activities, and discusses the comprehensive effects of the influencing factors on the Funiu Mountain area from 2000 to 2015. The results are as follows. (1) From 2000 to 2005, the ESV increased 375 million yuan, and from 2005 to 2015, it decreased 154 million yuan. (2) Hydrological regulation, biodiversity maintenance, soil conservation, gas regulation, and climate regulation were the main types of ecosystem services in the Funiu Mountain area. (3) The ESV was influenced by the comprehensive effects of the natural environment and human activities. Population was the most important influencing factor of the ESV; in addition, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), precipitation, and economic factors had important influences on the ESV. (4) With the intensification of human activities, humanistic factors have surpassed the relatively stable natural factors, becoming the main factors of the ESV. With economic development, the effect of human activities on the ESV may be further intensified in the future.

Linking soil water and solutes fluxes to soil properties and vegetation types: insights from a case-study in the high tropical Andes of Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastián Páez-Bimos ◽  
Veerle Vanacker ◽  
Marcos Villacis ◽  
Marlon Calispa ◽  
Oscar Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Tropical Andes ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Solute Fluxes ◽  
Doc Concentration ◽  
Water Conservation Area

<p>The high tropical Andes ecosystem, known as páramo, provides important hydrological services to densely populated areas in the Andean region. In order to manage these services sustainably, it is crucial to understand the biotic and abiotic processes that control both water quality and fluxes. Recent research in the páramo highlights a knowledge gap regarding the role played by soil-vegetation interactions in controlling soil-water processes and resulting water and solute fluxes.</p><p>Here, we determine the hydrological and geochemical fluxes in four soil profiles in the páramo of the Antisana´s water conservation area in northern Ecuador. Water fluxes were measured biweekly with field fluxmeters in the hydrological year Apr/2019- Mar/2020 under two contrasting vegetation types: tussock-like grass (TU) and cushion-forming plants (CU). Soil solution was collected in parallel with wick samplers and suction caps for assessing the concentrations of dissolved cations, anions and organic carbon (DOC). In addition, soil moisture was measured continuously in the upper meter of the soil profile, i.e. first three horizons (A, 2A and 2BC), using water content reflectometers. The vertical water flux in the upper meter of each soil profile was simulated using the 1D HYDRUS model. We carried out a Sobol analysis to identify sensitive soil hydraulic parameters. We then derived water fluxes by inverse modeling, based on the measured soil moisture. We validated the calculated water fluxes using the fluxmeter data. Solute fluxes were estimated by combining the water fluxes and the soil solution compositions.</p><p>Our preliminary results suggest that water fluxes and DOC concentration vary under different vegetation types. The fluxmeter data from the 2A horizon indicates that the cumulative water flux under TU (2.8 - 5.7 l) was larger than under CU (0.8 – 1.1 l) during the dry season (Aug-Sep and Dec-Jan). However, the opposite trend was observed in the wet season for maximum water fluxes. Moreover, the DOC concentration in the uppermost horizon was higher under CU (47.3 ±2.2 mg l<sup>-1</sup>) than under TU (3.1 ±0.2 mg l<sup>-1</sup>) vegetation during the monitoring period. We associate the water and solute responses under different vegetation types to the contrasting soil hydro-physical and chemical properties (e.g., saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic carbon content) in the uppermost soil horizon. Our study illustrates the existence of a spatial association between vegetation types, water fluxes and solute concentrations in Antisana´s water conservation area. By modelling the hydrological balance of the upper meter of the soil mantle, the water and solute fluxes will be estimated for soils with different vegetation cover.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of Soil Properties in Water Conservation Area 3 of the Everglades

2006 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1662-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Bruland ◽  
Sabine Grunwald ◽  
Todd Z. Osborne ◽  
K. Ramesh Reddy ◽  
Susan Newman
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Water Conservation Area

scholarly journals Impacts of Grain-for-Green and Grain-for-Blue Policies on Valued Ecosystem Services in Shandong Province, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Song ◽  
Xiangzheng Deng ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Zhaohua Li ◽  
Gui Jin
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Ecosystem Service Value ◽  
Grain For Green ◽  
Service Value

China launched a series of ecological restoration policies to mitigate its severe environmental challenges in the late 1990s. From the beginning, the effects and influences of the ecological restoration policies have been hotly debated. In the present study, we assessed the effects of two vital ecological restoration policies (Grain-for-Green and Grain-for-Blue) on valued ecosystem services in Shandong province. A new method based on the net primary productivity and soil erosion was developed to assess the ecosystem service value. In the areas implementing the Grain-for-Green and Grain-for-Blue policies, the ecosystem service value increased by 24.01% and 43.10% during 2000–2008, respectively. However, comparing to the average increase of ecosystem service value (46.00%) in the whole of Shandong province in the same period, Grain-for-Green and Grain-for-Blue did not significantly improve overall ecosystem services. The ecological restoration policy led to significant tradeoffs in ecosystem services. Grain-for-Green improved the ecosystem service function of nutrient cycling, organic material provision, and regulation of gases but decreased that of water conservation. Grain-for-Blue increased the water conservation function but led to a reduction in the function of soil conservation and nutrient cycling.

Calibration of modern pollen along a nutrient gradient in Everglades Water Conservation Area-2A

Wetlands ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Jensen ◽  
Sherri R. Cooper ◽  
Curtis J. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Nutrient Gradient ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Water Conservation Area

scholarly journals Difference assessment on ecological functions of artificial coniferous forests in water conservation area of Northwestern Hebei

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1348
Author(s):  
SUN Fei-fei ◽  
ZHANG Zeng-xiang ◽  
ZUO Li-jun ◽  
ZHAO Xiao-li ◽  
PAN Tian-shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Water Conservation Area

scholarly journals OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR REGION (NTT)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Sudini
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Tourism Potential

Besides the tourism sector can increase economic growth, it also does not damage the environment and even stimulates environmental conservation. The tourism sector has become a global trend in the past three decades. World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) in 1998. Problems: 1) What is the urgency of tourism in the NTT region? And 2) How do you deal with the challenges of developing tourism in the NTT region? This research is empirical legal research. The urgency of tourism in the NTT region, among others: paying attention to tourism in the province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT), which has the character of an archipelago, most of which consists of marine waters and is still lagging behind, it seems that the urgency of tourism in NTT is dominated by sea tourism or nature, such as national parks, Marine Conservation Areas, and Nature Parks (TWA). This is evident through the existence of 8 (eight) marine waters conservation areas owned by NTT Province. In addition, NTT Province also has a lot of potential in the marine sector, such as marine resources for capture and aquaculture; the potential for seaweed cultivation; potential of salt resources; and the potential for pearl cultivation, all of the marine potential is very supportive and influences the urgency of tourism for the East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province. Efforts that can be made in order to deal with these challenges include: first, make improvements in the infrastructure sector, for example there is good coordination between the central and regional governments and cities in the NTT Province with regard to policies on water conservation area management or marine tourism in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT); second, maximizing the tourism potential in NTT through professional human resource de-velopment, improved tourism management facilities and third, online tourism publications optimized so that tourists are interested in traveling to the NTT Province; and in addition, supervise/control the applicable laws and regulations in ALKI that cross the sea waters, so that the existence of the ALKI does not interfere with the conservation of waters in the Sawu Sea.

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