scholarly journals Characterization of Asparagine Deamidation in Immunodominant Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide Potential Immunotherapy for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7566
Author(s):  
Maria-Eleni Androutsou ◽  
Agathi Nteli ◽  
Areti Gkika ◽  
Maria Avloniti ◽  
Anastasia Dagkonaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Protein Sequences ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Asparagine Deamidation ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Mannan (polysaccharide) conjugated with a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide, namely (KG)5MOG35–55, represents a potent and promising new approach for the immunotherapy of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The MOG35–55 epitope conjugated with the oxidized form of mannan (poly-mannose) via a (KG)5 linker was found to inhibit the symptoms of MOG35–55-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice using prophylactic and therapeutic vaccinated protocols. Deamidation is a common modification in peptide and protein sequences, especially for Gln and Asn residues. In this study, the structural solution motif of deaminated peptides and their functional effects in an animal model for MS were explored. Several peptides based on the MOG35–55 epitope have been synthesized in which the Asn53 was replaced with Ala, Asp, or isoAsp. Our results demonstrate that the synthesized MOG peptides were formed to the deaminated products in basic conditions, and the Asn53 was mainly modified to Asp. Moreover, both peptides (wild type and deaminated derivative) conjugated with mannan (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) independently inhibited the development of neurological symptoms and inflammatory demyelinating spinal cord lesions in MOG35–55-induced EAE. To conclude, mannan conjugated with a deamidated product did not affect the efficacy of the parent peptide.

scholarly journals Neuregulin-1 beta 1 is implicated in pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hardeep Kataria ◽  
Christopher G Hart ◽  
Arsalan Alizadeh ◽  
Michael Cossoy ◽  
Deepak K Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Multiple sclerosis is characterized by immune mediated neurodegeneration that results in progressive, life-long neurological and cognitive impairments. Yet, the endogenous mechanisms underlying multiple sclerosis pathophysiology are not fully understood. Here, we provide compelling evidence that associates dysregulation of neuregulin-1 beta 1 (Nrg-1β1) with multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and progression. In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis, we demonstrate that Nrg-1β1 levels are abated within spinal cord lesions and peripherally in the plasma and spleen during presymptomatic, onset and progressive course of the disease. We demonstrate that plasma levels of Nrg-1β1 are also significantly reduced in individuals with early multiple sclerosis and is positively associated with progression to relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The functional impact of Nrg-1β1 downregulation preceded disease onset and progression, and its systemic restoration was sufficient to delay experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis symptoms and alleviate disease burden. Intriguingly, Nrg-1β1 therapy exhibited a desirable and extended therapeutic time window of efficacy when administered prophylactically, symptomatically, acutely or chronically. Using in vivo and in vitro assessments, we identified that Nrg-1β1 treatment mediates its beneficial effects in EAE by providing a more balanced immune response. Mechanistically, Nrg-1β1 moderated monocyte infiltration at the blood-CNS interface by attenuating chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans and MMP9. Moreover, Nrg-1β1 fostered a regulatory and reparative phenotype in macrophages, T helper type 1 (Th1) cells and microglia in the spinal cord lesions of EAE mice. Taken together, our new findings in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis have uncovered a novel regulatory role for Nrg-1β1 early in the disease course and suggest its potential as a specific therapeutic target to ameliorate disease progression and severity.

Identification of a Val I 45 IIe substitution in the human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein: lack of association with multiple sclerosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Rodriguez ◽  
B. Della Gaspera ◽  
B. Zalc ◽  
J-J. Hauw ◽  
B. Fontaine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Target Antigen ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Potential Implication ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Major Target ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a major target antigen in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and it has been suggested that it may as well play a key role in the demyelination process in multiple sclerosis (MS). As MOG variants could be pathogenic in autoimmune demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, we analysed the coding sequence of MOG in MS patients and described a G→A transition occurring in exon 3 of the human MOG gene. The mutation predicts that isoleucine substitutes for a valine at codon I 45 (Val 145 lle) in the transmembrane region of the protein. This is the first aminoacid substitution reported in human MOG. The polymorphism can be detected by restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA or reverse-transcribed PCR amplified products, making it a simple tool to detect a potential implication of MOG alleles in susceptibility to MS by association study. The analysis of 83 unrelated MS patients and 82 unrelated healthy controls showed that the polymorphism is found in similar proportions in MS patients (18%) and controls (14.6%). It is therefore unlikely that the MOG Val 145 lle variant is responsible for genetic susceptibility to MS.

scholarly journals Σχεδιασμός, σύνθεση και αξιολόγηση νανοσωματιδίων με εγκλωβισμό πεπτιδίων των πρωτεινών της μυελίνης

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ηρώ Τριανταφυλλάκου
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Το αντικείμενο της παρούσας ΔΔ ήταν η ανάπτυξη πολυμερικών νανοσωματιδίων με εγκλωβισμένα πεπτιδικά ανάλογα που εμπλέκονται στην εμφάνιση και εξέλιξη της σκλήρυνσης κατά πλάκας (ΣΚΠ, Multiple Sclerosis, MS), καθώς και η βιολογική αξιολόγηση αυτών. Συγκεκριμένα, αναπτύχθηκαν σωματίδια πολυ(γλυκολικού-γαλακτικού) οξέος [poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid, PLGA] με εγκλωβισμένα πεπτίδια με βάση τον επίτοπο 35-55 της μυελικής γλυκοπρωτεΐνης των ολιγοδενδριτών (Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein, ΜΟG) με βάση την αλληλουχία που συναντάται στους μύες (rMOG), συζευγμένα ή μη με μόρια σακχαριτών. Η σύζευξη των πεπτιδικών αναλόγων με μόρια σακχαριτών όπως η μαννόζη και η γλυκοζαμίνη στόχευσε στην πιθανή αλληλεπίδραση με τους υποδοχείς μαννόζης που βρίσκονται στα δενδριτικά κύτταρα, κύρια αντιγονοπαρουσιαστικά κύτταρα που εμπλέκονται στην ΣΚΠ, με τους οποίους υποδοχείς παρουσιάζουν ισχυρή προσδετική ικανότητα και με σκοπό την ανάπτυξη ανοσοανοχής απέναντι στην νόσο.Η διατριβή περιλαμβάνει τον σχεδιασμό και την ανάπτυξη PLGA νανοσωματιδίων που θα φέρουν εγκλωβισμένα τα πεπτιδικά ανάλογα, παρέχοντας αυξημένη σταθερότητα στα πεπτιδικά ανάλογα και παρέχοντας την δυνατότητα βραδείας αποδέσμευσης από την πολυμερική μήτρα. Τα νανοσωματίδια που αναπτύχθηκαν μελετήθηκαν ως προς τα φυσικοχημικά τους χαρακτηριστικά ώστε να βελτιστοποιηθεί η μεθοδολογία σύνθεσης. Επιπλέον, πραγματοποιήθηκε μελέτη της βραδείας αποδέσμευσης και ποσοτικός προσδιορισμός τόσο της αρχικά εγκλωβισμένης ουσίας όσο και της ημερήσιας αποδέσμευσης σε φυσιολογικό ορό in vitro. Τέλος, τα συντεθειμένα νανοσωματίδια αξιολογήθηκαν βιολογικά in vivo στο πειραματικό μοντέλο της ΣΚΠ, την πειραματική αυτοάνοση εγκεφαλομυελίτιδα (Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, EAE) με χρήση δύο μοντέλων ανοσοποίησης, προφυλακτικού και θεραπευτικού σε θηλυκούς μύες του γένους C57BL/6. Οι ιστοί που ελήφθησαν από τους μύες μελετήθηκαν για διηθήσεις και καταστροφές της λευκής ουσίας που οφείλονται στην ασθένεια ενώ μελετήθηκαν και τα επίπεδα κυτταροκινών στον ορό αίματος στα διάφορα στάδια εξέλιξης της νόσου.

scholarly journals Antiinflammatory Properties of a Plant-Derived Nonsteroidal, Dissociated Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. 5184-5184
Author(s):  
Geert van Loo ◽  
Mozes Sze ◽  
Nadia Bougarne ◽  
Jelle Praet ◽  
Conor McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Compound A (CpdA), a plant-derived phenyl aziridine precursor, was recently characterized as a fully dissociated nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting via activation of the glucocorticoid receptor, thereby down-modulating nuclear factor-κB-mediated transactivation, but not supporting glucocorticoid response element-driven gene expression. The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of CpdA in inhibiting the disease progress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-characterized animal model of multiple sclerosis. CpdA treatment of mice, both early and at the peak of the disease, markedly suppressed the clinical symptoms of EAE induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide immunization. Attenuation of the clinical symptoms of EAE by CpdA was accompanied by reduced leukocyte infiltration in the spinal cord, reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and reduced neuronal damage and demyelination. In vivo CpdA therapy suppressed the encephalogenicity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide-specific T cells. Moreover, CpdA was able to inhibit TNF- and lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear factor-κB activation in primary microglial cells in vitro, in a differential mechanistic manner as compared with dexamethasone. Finally, in EAE mice the therapeutic effect of CpdA, in contrast to that of dexamethasone, occurred in the absence of hyperinsulinemia and in the absence of a suppressive effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Based on these results, we propose CpdA as a compound with promising antiinflammatory characteristics useful for therapeutic intervention in multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Antiinflammatory Properties of a Plant-Derived Nonsteroidal, Dissociated Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulator in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-931
Author(s):  
Geert van Loo ◽  
Mozes Sze ◽  
Nadia Bougarne ◽  
Jelle Praet ◽  
Conor McGuire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Compound A (CpdA), a plant-derived phenyl aziridine precursor, was recently characterized as a fully dissociated nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent, acting via activation of the glucocorticoid receptor, thereby down-modulating nuclear factor-κB-mediated transactivation, but not supporting glucocorticoid response element-driven gene expression. The present study demonstrates the effectiveness of CpdA in inhibiting the disease progress in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-characterized animal model of multiple sclerosis. CpdA treatment of mice, both early and at the peak of the disease, markedly suppressed the clinical symptoms of EAE induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide immunization. Attenuation of the clinical symptoms of EAE by CpdA was accompanied by reduced leukocyte infiltration in the spinal cord, reduced expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and reduced neuronal damage and demyelination. In vivo CpdA therapy suppressed the encephalogenicity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide-specific T cells. Moreover, CpdA was able to inhibit TNF- and lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear factor-κB activation in primary microglial cells in vitro, in a differential mechanistic manner as compared with dexamethasone. Finally, in EAE mice the therapeutic effect of CpdA, in contrast to that of dexamethasone, occurred in the absence of hyperinsulinemia and in the absence of a suppressive effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Based on these results, we propose CpdA as a compound with promising antiinflammatory characteristics useful for therapeutic intervention in multiple sclerosis and other neuroinflammatory diseases.

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