Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Can Promote Brassica napus L. and Arabidopsis thaliana L. Root Hair Development through Nitric Oxide and Ethylene Pathways

Here, we report that multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) can promote plant root hair growth in the species analyzed in this study; however, low and excessive concentrations of MWCNTs had no significant effect or even an inhibiting influence. Further results show that MWCNTs can enter rapeseed root cells. Meanwhile, nitrate reductase (NR)-dependent nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene syntheses, as well as root hair formation, were significantly stimulated by MWCNTs. Transcription of root hair growth-related genes were also modulated. The above responses were sensitive to the removal of endogenous NO or ethylene with a scavenger of NO or NO/ethylene synthesis inhibitors. Pharmacological and molecular evidence suggested that ethylene might act downstream of NR-dependent NO in MWCNTs-induced root hair morphogenesis. Genetic evidence in Arabidopsis further revealed that MWCNTs-triggered root hair growth was abolished in ethylene-insensitive mutants ein2-5 and ein3-1, and NR mutant nia1/2, but not in noa1 mutant. Further data placed NO synthesis linearly before ethylene production in root hair development triggered by MWCNTs. The above findings thus provide some insights into the molecular mechanism underlying MWCNTs control of root hair morphogenesis.

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Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes can Promote Root Hair Development Through Nitric Oxide and Ethylene Pathways

10.21203/rs.3.rs-74113/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gan Zhao ◽

Yingying Zhao ◽

Wang Lou ◽

Dyaaaldin Abdalmegeed ◽

Rongzhan Guan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Root Hair ◽

Hair Growth ◽

Plant Root ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Root Cells ◽

Root Hair Development ◽

Root Hair Growth ◽

Hair Development

Abstract Background: Although carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have the risk of polluting the ecological system, it still cannot deny its huge potential in agriculture. Studying the effects of CNTs on plant growth will help to make new assessments of the application of CNTs in agriculture. Results: Here, we observed that the stimulation of plant root hair growth triggered by multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) with appropriate concentrations is a universal event; however, low or excessive had no significant effect or even inhibition. Further results showed that MWCNTs could enter rapeseed root cells. Meanwhile, nitrate reductase (NR)-dependent nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene syntheses, as well as root hair formation were significantly stimulated by MWCNTs. Transcription of root hair growth related genes were also modulated. Above responses were obviously blocked by the removal of endogenous NO and ethylene with a scavenger of NO or NO/ethylene synthetic inhibitors. Similarly, MWCNTs-triggered root hair growth was obviously impaired in ein2-5 and ein3-1, two ethylene-insensitive mutants, and nia1/2, a nitric reductase defective mutant, but not in noa1 mutant, with impaired in NO-associated protein 1. Further molecular data placed NR-dependent NO synthesis linearly before ethylene production in root hair development triggered by MWCNTs.Conclusion: Above results revealed that MWCNTs could promote root hair growth. Ethylene and NR-dependent NO were required for MWCNTs-induced root hair morphogenesis via regulating genes related to root hair development, and ethylene might act downstream of NO in this process. Since root hair is one of important components for root organogenesis, above findings open a new window for the possible usage of CNTs in agriculture.

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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes applied through seed-priming influence early germination, root hair, growth and yield of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.8818 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anjali Joshi ◽

Simranjeet Kaur ◽

Keya Dharamvir ◽

Harsh Nayyar ◽

Gaurav Verma

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Hair Growth ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Early Germination ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Root Hair Growth ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Hormonal regulation of root hair growth and responses to the environment in Arabidopsis

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/eraa048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 2412-2427 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kris Vissenberg ◽

Naomi Claeijs ◽

Daria Balcerowicz ◽

Sébastjen Schoenaers

Keyword(s):

Root Hair ◽

Hormonal Regulation ◽

Hair Growth ◽

Root Hairs ◽

Feedback Loops ◽

Root Hair Development ◽

Heterogeneous Soil ◽

Root Hair Growth ◽

Hair Development ◽

Signalling Cascade

Abstract The main functions of plant roots are water and nutrient uptake, soil anchorage, and interaction with soil-living biota. Root hairs, single cell tubular extensions of root epidermal cells, facilitate or enhance these functions by drastically enlarging the absorptive surface. Root hair development is constantly adapted to changes in the root’s surroundings, allowing for optimization of root functionality in heterogeneous soil environments. The underlying molecular pathway is the result of a complex interplay between position-dependent signalling and feedback loops. Phytohormone signalling interconnects this root hair signalling cascade with biotic and abiotic changes in the rhizosphere, enabling dynamic hormone-driven changes in root hair growth, density, length, and morphology. This review critically discusses the influence of the major plant hormones on root hair development, and how changes in rhizosphere properties impact on the latter.

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Two-ligand priming mechanism for potentiated phosphoinositide synthesis is an evolutionarily conserved feature of Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine exchange proteins

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e16-04-0221 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (14) ◽

pp. 2317-2330 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jin Huang ◽

Ratna Ghosh ◽

Ashutosh Tripathi ◽

Max Lönnfors ◽

Pentti Somerharju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Hair ◽

Hair Growth ◽

Higher Plants ◽

Plant Evolution ◽

Amino Terminal ◽

Root Hair Development ◽

Genetic Module ◽

Root Hair Growth ◽

Phosphatidylinositol Transfer ◽

Carboxy Terminal

Lipid signaling, particularly phosphoinositide signaling, plays a key role in regulating the extreme polarized membrane growth that drives root hair development in plants. The Arabidopsis AtSFH1 gene encodes a two-domain protein with an amino-terminal Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (PITP) domain linked to a carboxy-terminal nodulin domain. AtSfh1 is critical for promoting the spatially highly organized phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate signaling program required for establishment and maintenance of polarized root hair growth. Here we demonstrate that, like the yeast Sec14, the AtSfh1 PITP domain requires both its phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)- and phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho)-binding properties to stimulate PtdIns-4-phosphate [PtdIns(4)P] synthesis. Moreover, we show that both phospholipid-binding activities are essential for AtSfh1 activity in supporting polarized root hair growth. Finally, we report genetic and biochemical evidence that the two-ligand mechanism for potentiation of PtdIns 4-OH kinase activity is a broadly conserved feature of plant Sec14-nodulin proteins, and that this strategy appeared only late in plant evolution. Taken together, the data indicate that the PtdIns/PtdCho-exchange mechanism for stimulated PtdIns(4)P synthesis either arose independently during evolution in yeast and in higher plants, or a suitable genetic module was introduced to higher plants from a fungal source and subsequently exploited by them.

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