scholarly journals Species Composition of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Strawberry High Tunnels in Denmark

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Helene Nielsen ◽  
Lene Sigsgaard ◽  
Sverre Kobro ◽  
Nauja L. Jensen ◽  
Stine K. Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Field Margins ◽  
Thrips Species ◽  
High Tunnels ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Production Knowledge ◽  
Sampling Times

Thrips are a major pest in protected strawberry production. Knowledge of thrips species composition could be instrumental for improved thrips management, but very little is known about which species are present in strawberries grown in high-tunnels in Denmark. Thrips (adults and larvae) were sampled in two strawberry tunnels of the cultivars Murano and Furore from May to August 2018, in the middle and in the edges of the tunnels. The most abundant thrips species found in the tunnels were Frankliniella intonsa and Thrips tabaci adults. Frankliniella intonsa were also the most frequently found species of the immatures sampled, followed by T. tabaci larvae, and other species. The number of thrips differed between the two cultivars, sampling times and location in the tunnel. Frankliniella intonsa was more abundant in the middle of the tunnels, while T. tabaci was more abundant in the edge of the tunnels adjacent to the field margins. The number of thrips peaked by the end of July. Both chemical and biological control should consider species composition and occurrence; hence, a fundamental first step for thrips management is to identify the species present on the target crop.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of Thrips Species (Thysanoptera) on Flowering Herbs in Cracow, Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pobożniak ◽  
Sobolewska Anna
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Arnica Montana ◽  
Nepeta Cataria ◽  
Thrips Species

Biodiversity of Thrips Species (Thysanoptera) on Flowering Herbs in Cracow, PolandThrips specimens were collected from 2004 to 2006 from the Herb Collection of the Faculty of Horticulture, the Agricultural University in Cracow, Poland and from 2006 to 2008 from the Botanical Garden in Cracow, Poland. We collected 16,058 adult thrips belonging to 22 Thysanoptera taxa from the flowers and inflorescences of 37 species of herbs from both of the collections. Thrips species composition infesting the flowers and inflorescences of herbs were very similar and not dependent on the plant species and the area of research. Only the participation of particular species differed. The prevailing polyphagous species connected with flowers were:Thrips fuscipennis, Thrips flavus, Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips albopilosusandThrips major. Also, a high number ofThrips tabaciand random species connected with grass as well as predatory speciesAeolothripswere found. The flowers ofSalvia officinalis, Lavandula angustifolia, Nepeta catariaandArnica montanawere the most numerously infested by adult thrips.

Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with two morphological forms of Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis)

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Hurej ◽  
Halina Kucharczyk ◽  
Jacek P. Twardowski ◽  
Andrzej Kotecki
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Morphological Form ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Lupinus Mutabilis ◽  
Thrips Species

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine thrips abundance, species composition, sex ratio and seasonal dynamics of these insects on two morphological forms of Andean lupin (epigonal and semiepigonal). Thrips were studied in the lupine plants sown at two dates at the Experimental Research Station at Pawłowice, near Wrocław, Lower Silesia, Poland, during two growing seasons (2011-2012). The experiment was designed as a split-plot with four replicates for each morphological form and time of sowing. For the determination of thrips species’ composition, plants were collected from the central part of each plot when lupin was at the full blooming stage. In the laboratory, plants were shaken over a sheet of white paper. Once in each season thrips were also collected with a sweep net. In the laboratory larvae and adults were identified to species level and separated into males and females. During the whole lupin growing season, insects were also counted weekly on 10 consecutive plants in the middle row of each plot. Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips major and Aeolothrips intermedius were the dominant species in the full blooming stage of both semiepigonal and epigonal forms of Andean lupin. Thrips tabaci also occurred in greater numbers. There were no significant differences between numbers of thrips and number of species occurring on semiepigonal and epigonal plants sown at the same time. In the most numerous species, like F. intonsa and T. major, mainly females occurred in their population. In the population of A. intermedius males were abundant. Thrips occurring in Lupinus mutabilis, irrespective of the used form of lupin or sowing time, had one peak of abundance, i.e., the last ten days of June and the first ten days of July, when plants were at the blooming stage.

scholarly journals Species Composition and Occurrence of Thrips on Tomato and Pepper as Influenced by Farmers’ Management Practices in Uganda

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ssemwogerere ◽  
Mildred Kathrynn Nyaburu Ochwo-Ssemakula ◽  
Joe Kovach ◽  
Samuel Kyamanywa ◽  
Jeninah Karungi
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Seasonal Effect ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Scirtothrips Dorsalis ◽  
Thrips Species

Abstract A biological monitoring survey was carried out in central Uganda for two consecutive seasons to provide information on species composition and occurrence of thrips on tomato and pepper as influenced by farmers’ management practices. A total of 50 farms for each crop participated in the study. Data was collected on cropping system, crop variety, type of pesticide used, pesticide spray regime, and on thrips populations. Results indicated that a total of six thrips species: Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips tabaci, F. schultzei, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Ceratothrips ericae and Megalurothrips sjostedti infest tomato in the region. Pepper had the same thrips profile with the exception of F. schultzei. There was a distinct seasonal effect on thrips occurrence in the case of tomato. Higher thrips populations (61%) were recorded in the first season of the study as compared to the second. The majority of the thrips were recorded in the flowering stage of crop development for both crops, and 100% in the case of pepper. Generally, for both crops, plants in intercropped arrangements had higher thrips counts than the monocropped ones. Different tomato/pepper varieties sustained variable thrips populations. All the farmers applied pesticides to manage the complex of pests on the crops, albeit to variable extents. In this region, thrips populations were reduced when an increase in the number of pesticide applications in a given week was used.

scholarly journals Biological control of thrips pests (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in a commercial greenhouse in Hungary

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-451
Author(s):  
Péter Farkas ◽  
Nóra Bagi ◽  
Árpád Szabó ◽  
Márta Ladányi ◽  
Krisztiánné Kis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Thrips Species

AbstractPolyphagous thrips, like western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis and onion thrips Thrips tabaci, are major pests in various ornamental and vegetable crops in greenhouses throughout the world. In Hungary, both of these polyphagous thrips species frequently cause severe damage in many greenhouse crops, especially in commercial sweet pepper. Chemical control is not always feasible because of certain ecological characteristics of these thrips species. The commercially available phytoseiid predatory mites like Amblyseius swirskii and anthocorid flower bugs like Orius laevigatus are often used simultaneously for the biological control of severe thrips infestation in sweet pepper cultivation in Hungary. Our observations demonstrated that the polyphagous thrips assemblages were effectively controlled by the combined release of natural enemies, despite the fact that the establishment of O. laevigatus did not seem to be successful in the first year. Overall, the thrips population density remained below the economic threshold in both years. However, the low infestation level of thrips suggests that a single predator release strategy could be applied effectively and still maintain the thrips below the damage threshold in greenhouse sweet pepper.

scholarly journals The Species Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Populations on Maize (Zea Mays L.) in Southeastern Poland

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halina Kucharczyk ◽  
Paweł Bereś ◽  
Zbigniew Dąbrowski
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Maize Plant ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Thrips Species

The Species Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of Thrips (Thysanoptera) Populations on Maize (Zea MaysL.) in Southeastern PolandThrips species composition and seasonal abundance was studied on maize crops during two seasons (2006-2007), in southeastern Poland. Altogether 21 species have been identified, among themFrankliniella tenuicornis(Uzel 1895) andHaplothrips aculeatus(Fabricius 1803) which are a graminicolous species and were eudominants, comprising 96.8% in 2006 and 82.0% in 2007 of all collected specimens. Other species occurred only in low numbers. The frequent and numerous presence ofF. tenuicornisspecies in their immature stages in the samples, confirmed the role of the maize plant as the host.H. aculeatusprobably chose maize as a food source and substitute plant for breeding.

MELANIZATION OF EGGS AND LARVAE OF THE PARASITOID, EPIDINOCARSIS LOPEZI (DE SANTIS) (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), BY THE CASSAVA MEALYBUG, PHENACOCCUS MANIHOTI MATILE-FERRERO (HOMOPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Sullivan ◽  
Peter Neuenschwander
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Defense Reaction ◽  
Epidinocarsis Lopezi ◽  
Cassava Mealybug ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Host Tissues

AbstractThe encyrtid wasp Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) has been introduced into Africa as a biological control agent against the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero. This host has a defense reaction against the immature parasitoid that involves encapsulation and melanization. Under laboratory conditions, 37.5% of once-stung cassava mealybugs had been parasitized, as indicated by eggs and larvae of the parasitoid in dissected hosts. Of these parasitized cassava mealybugs, 89.6% contained melanized particles (egg, partially melanized larva, internal host tissues, exoskeleton wound scars). Some of the parasitoid larvae were only partially melanized, and either freed themselves from the melanized capsule or else shed it at the next molt. By the 3rd day of their development only 12.5% were completely melanized. In cassava mealybugs with melanized host tissue but no living parasitoid, the survival of the host was not affected by the melanization. The mealybug itself sometimes shed black particles at the next molt and these were found attached to the cast skins. When superparasitized in the laboratory, 68.6% of twice-stung cassava mealybugs contained parasitoids. Mummies collected from a field experiment showed that melanization rates of mummies increased with increasing parasitization rates. Thus, melanization in the cassava mealybug was commonly triggered when E. lopezi oviposited, but this defense reaction was mostly ineffective, permitting the introduced parasitoid to be a successful biological control agent in Africa against the cassava mealybug, a major pest on this important food crop.

ACTIVITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF CARABIDAE, ARACHNIDA, AND STAPHYLINIDAE IN NEW BRUNSWICK POTATO FIELDS

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1023-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Boiteau
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Potato Pests ◽  
Faunal Survey

AbstractA 3-year faunal survey of insecticide-free potato fields revealed that Carabidae were the most abundant ground arthropods followed by Arachnida and Staphylinidae. Generic and species composition of Carabidae did not vary substantially from year to year but abundance did. The arthropods were distributed along a gradient decreasing with distance from the edge of the field closest to the woodland. Results of yellow pan trappings indicated that all types of Carabidae present in the pitfalls could fly but that flight activity was variable among genera. More than 50% of Staphylinidae and 85% of the Carabidae were trapped in the yellow pans at the time of field colonization in June. The significance of these findings in relation to the potential of the arthropods for natural biological control of potato pests is discussed.

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