External Morphology of Larvae of Belgica antarctica Jacobs, 1900 (Diptera, Chironomidae) Obtained from Two Locations in Maritime Antarctica

The external morphology of the fourth-instar larva of the Antarctic endemic chironomid midge Belgica antarctica is described. Larvae were collected from Jougla Point (Wiencke Island) and an un-named island close to Enterprise Island, off the coast of the western Antarctic Peninsula. Light microscopy was used to examine and document photographically the structures of the mouthparts (mandible, mentum, premandible, labrum), antennae, pecten epipharyngis, clypeus, frontal apotome and posterior parapods. Measurements of the mouthparts are presented. The data obtained are compared with that available in the literature. A number of differences were identified relating to the size of the larvae, the number of teeth on the mandibles, the number of antennal segments and the length of the antennal blade. Malformations of the mandible and mentum are reported for the first time in this species. Features of larvae of taxonomic value that can be used to determine the species in larval stages are presented. These are of utility in using the larvae to reveal relationships with other species. Larvae are also important in ecological and genotoxicological studies, which require accurate species level identification.

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The Old World biting midge, Forcipomyia (Lepidohelea) pulcherrima SANTOS ABREU, new to the fauna of the United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Polish Journal of Entomology / Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne ◽

10.2478/v10200-012-0043-6 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 287-302

Author(s):

William L. Grogan ◽

Lawrence J. Hribar ◽

Francis G. Howarth

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Instar Larva ◽

The United States ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Old World ◽

Biting Midge ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT We provide the first United States records of the Old World biting midge, Forcipomyia (Lepidohelea) pulcherrima SANTOS ABREU (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), from California, Florida and Hawaii. The fourth instar larva of F. pulcherrima is also described and illustrated for the first time.

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Description of the immatures of the predaceous midge Bezzia blantoni Spinelli & Wirth (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2295.1.5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2295 (1) ◽

pp. 46-54 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MARIA M. RONDEROS ◽

GUSTAVO R. SPINELLI

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Phase Contrast Microscopy ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Contrast Microscopy ◽

Breeding Location ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron

The fourth instar larva and pupa of Bezzia blantoni Spinelli & Wirth (1989) are described, illustrated and photomicrographed by using phase-contrast microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The larva, which shows features typical to carnivorous larvae, is compared with that of B. roldani Spinelli & Wirth. The species is recorded for the first time from the Martín García island, located in the La Plata river between Argentina and Uruguay. Details of the biology traits, breeding location and feeding behavior are given.

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Description of the last instar larva and new contributions to the knowledge of the pupa of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya (Diptera, Culicomorpha, Ceratopogonidae)

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-3765201620150080 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 (3 suppl) ◽

pp. 1625-1633

Author(s):

FLORENTINA DÍAZ ◽

DANIELLE ANJOS-SANTOS ◽

AMPARO FUNES ◽

MARÍA M. RONDEROS

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Patagonian Steppe ◽

Contrast Microscope ◽

First Time ◽

Small Wetland ◽

Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The fourth instar larva of Dasyhelea mediomunda Minaya is described for the first time and a complete description of the pupa is provided, through use of phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Studied specimens were collected in a pond connected to a small wetland "mallin" on the Patagonian steppe, Chubut province, Argentina.

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Biology and morphology of immature stages of Meteorus trachynotus Vier. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z90-144 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (5) ◽

pp. 1000-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. C. Thireau ◽

J. Régnière ◽

C. Cloutier

Keyword(s):

Average Duration ◽

Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Head Region ◽

Larval Stages ◽

First Instar ◽

Immature Development ◽

First Time

The immature stages of Meteorus trachynotus Vier., developing in larvae of Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), are described. The egg of M. trachynotus is of the stalked type. There are three larval stages. The first instar has a caudal appendage which stops growing in the second instar and is lost when the larva exits from the host in the third instar. Only the first and third instars have sclerotized structures. The head region of the first instar bears a pair of hooklike appendages which are described for the first time. Cephalic sclerites of the last instar larva of other species of Meteorus are compared with those of M. trachynotus. The average duration of immature development at 23 °C was 18 days, the egg stage lasted 3 days, the first, second, and third instars lasted 5, 2.5, and 2.5 days, respectively, and the pupal stage lasted 5 days.

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Fine-scale variation in microhabitat conditions influence physiology and metabolism in an Antarctic insect

10.21203/rs.3.rs-642751/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Drew Evan Spacht ◽

Josiah D. Gantz ◽

Jack J Devlin ◽

Eleanor A. McCabe ◽

Richard E. Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Emergence ◽

Fine Scale ◽

Western Antarctic Peninsula ◽

Nutrient Input ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Belgica Antarctica ◽

Palmer Station ◽

Thermal Patterns ◽

The Antarctic ◽

Scale Variation

Abstract Microhabitats with distinct biotic and abiotic properties exist within landscapes, and this microhabitat variation can have dramatic impacts on the phenology and physiology of the organisms occupying them. The Antarctic midge Belgica antarctica inhabits diverse microhabitats along the Western Antarctic Peninsula that vary in macrophyte composition, hygric qualities, nutrient input, and thermal patterns. Here, we compare seasonal physiological changes in five populations of B. antarctica living in close proximity but in different microhabitats in the vicinity of Palmer Station, Antarctica. Thermal regimes among our sample locations differed in both mean temperature and thermal stability. Between the warmest and coldest sites, seasonal mean temperatures differed by 2.6˚C and degree day accumulations above freezing differed by a factor of 1.7. Larval metabolic and growth rates varied among the sites, and adult emergence occurred at different times. Distinct microhabitats also corresponded with differences in body composition, as lipid and carbohydrate content of larvae differed across sites. Further, seasonal changes in carbohydrate and protein content were dependent on site, indicating fine-scale variation in the biochemical composition of larvae as they prepare for winter. Together, these results demonstrate that variation in microhabitat properties influences the ontogeny, phenology, physiology, and biochemical makeup of midge populations living in close proximity. These results have implications for predicting responses of Antarctic ecosystems to environmental change.

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Description of the immature stages and redescription of the adults of Culex (Culex) lahillei Bachmann & Casal (Diptera: Culicidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2915.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2915 (1) ◽

pp. 29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MAGDALENA LAURITO ◽

WALTER RICARDO ALMIRÓN ◽

GUSTAVO CARLOS ROSSI

Keyword(s):

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

First Time

The pupa and fourth-instar larva of Culex (Culex) lahillei Bachmann & Casal are described and illustrated for the first time and the adults redescribed. Information is provided on the distribution, bionomics and taxonomy of the species.

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Morphological redescription of Culex (Microculex) davisi and Cx. (Mcx.) imitator (Diptera: Culicidae) including structures and stages not previously described

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4347.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4347 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

DEBORA NATALIA BANGHER ◽

MARINA STEIN

Keyword(s):

Male Genitalia ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Female Genitalia ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

First Time ◽

Time Information

The adults, male genitalia and fourth-instar larva of Culex (Microculex) imitator Theobald and Culex (Microculex) davisi Kumm, and the pupa of the latter species, are re-described. The female genitalia of both species and the pupa of Culex (Microculex) imitator are described for the first time. Information on distribution, bionomics and taxonomy is also included.

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Morphological description of the pupa and fourth-instar larva and redescription of the adults of Psorophora (Psorophora) pallescens Edwards (Diptera: Culicidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2306.1.5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2306 (1) ◽

pp. 51-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MARINA STEIN ◽

MAGDALENA LAURITO ◽

GUSTAVO CARLOS ROSSI ◽

WALTER RICARDO ALMIRÓN

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

The Other ◽

Morphological Description ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Male And Female ◽

First Time

The adult male and female of Psorophora (Psorophora) pallescens Edwards are redescribed. The pupa and fourth-instar larva are described for the first time. The male genitalia, pupa and fourth-instar larva are illustrated. Information on distribution, bionomics and taxonomy is also included. Psorophora pallescens adults differ from the other species of the subgenus in the coloration of the scutum and abdomen. The larva can be distinguished from Psorophora ciliata based on characters of the head, thorax and abdomen.

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Redescription of the female, male, larva and pupa of Sabethes (Sabethoides) glaucodaemon (Dyar & Shannon) (Diptera: Culicidae) and description of the female genitalia

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.12 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4789 (2) ◽

pp. 589-600

Author(s):

MARINA STEIN ◽

DEBORA N. BANGHER ◽

MAYCON SEBASTIÃO ALBERTO SANTOS NEVES ◽

CARLA N. ALVAREZ

Keyword(s):

Adult Female ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Adult Stage ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Female Genitalia ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male Larva ◽

First Time

Sabethes (Sabethoides) glaucodaemon was described for the first time by Dyar & Shannon (1925) based on the adult female. Later, descriptions of the male genitalia and parts of the fourth-instar larva and pupa were published by other authors. No one has described the female genitalia or made a complete description of the larva and pupa. The aim of this study was to redescribe Sa. glaucodaemon in the adult stage, including the male and female genitalia, and the pupa and fourth-instar larva. All stages are illustrated. Distinctions from Sa. (Sbo.) tridentatus are discussed.

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The immatures of Bezzia chilensis Spinelli & Ronderos, 2001 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.803.29024 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 803 ◽

pp. 141-154

Author(s):

Danielle Anjos-Santos ◽

Florentina Díaz ◽

Gustavo Ricardo Spinelli ◽

María Marcela Ronderos

Keyword(s):

Phase Contrast ◽

New Records ◽

Instar Larva ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Fourth Instar Larva ◽

Patagonian Steppe ◽

Contrast Microscope ◽

First Time ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope Data ◽

Electron Microscope Data

The fourth instar larva and the pupa ofBezziachilensisSpinelli & Ronderos, 2001 are described for the first time. The immature stages were collected from macrophytes and filamentous algae in streams of the Patagonian steppe, in the provinces of Neuquén and Chubut, Argentina. The described stages were photographed and illustrated with a phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. Data on the bionomics of the species, new records and tables for characters of the known larvae and pupae ofBezziaKieffer, 1899 from the Neotropical region are provided.

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