scholarly journals Automatic Recognition of Dendritic Solidification Structures: DenMap

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Nenchev ◽  
Joel Strickland ◽  
Karl Tassenberg ◽  
Samuel Perry ◽  
Simon Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Primary Dendrite ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Recognition Algorithm ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Correlation Algorithm ◽  
Dendritic Core ◽  
Template Image ◽  
And Control

Dendrites are the predominant solidification structures in directionally solidified alloys and control the maximum length scale for segregation. The conventional industrial method for identification of dendrite cores and primary dendrite spacing is performed by time-consuming laborious manual measurement. In this work we developed a novel DenMap image processing and pattern recognition algorithm to identify dendritic cores. Systematic row scan with a specially selected template image over an image of interest is applied via a normalised cross-correlation algorithm. The DenMap algorithm locates the exact dendritic core position with a 98% accuracy for a batch of SEM images of typical as-cast CMSX-4® microstructures in under 90 s per image. Such accuracy is achieved due to a sequence of specially selected image pre-processing methods. Coupled with statistical analysis the model has the potential to gather large quantities of structural data accurately and rapidly, allowing for optimisation and quality control of industrial processes to improve mechanical and creep performance of materials.

Primary dendrite array morphology in Al-7 wt% Si alloy samples directionally solidified aboard the International Space Station

2021 ◽  
Vol 562 ◽  
pp. 126077
Author(s):  
Masoud Ghods ◽  
Supriya R. Upadhyay ◽  
Ravi S. Rajamure ◽  
Surendra N. Tewari ◽  
Richard N. Grugel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Primary Dendrite ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
International Space

scholarly journals Mechanisms Applied by Protein Inhibitors to Inhibit Cysteine Proteases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Livija Tušar ◽  
Aleksandra Usenik ◽  
Boris Turk ◽  
Dušan Turk
Keyword(s):  
Binding Site ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Protein Inhibitors ◽  
Active Site Cleft ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Binding Mechanisms

Protein inhibitors of proteases are an important tool of nature to regulate and control proteolysis in living organisms under physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we analyzed the mechanisms of inhibition of cysteine proteases on the basis of structural information and compiled kinetic data. The gathered structural data indicate that the protein fold is not a major obstacle for the evolution of a protease inhibitor. It appears that nature can convert almost any starting fold into an inhibitor of a protease. In addition, there appears to be no general rule governing the inhibitory mechanism. The structural data make it clear that the “lock and key” mechanism is a historical concept with limited validity. However, the analysis suggests that the shape of the active site cleft of proteases imposes some restraints. When the S1 binding site is shaped as a pocket buried in the structure of protease, inhibitors can apply substrate-like binding mechanisms. In contrast, when the S1 binding site is in part exposed to solvent, the substrate-like inhibition cannot be employed. It appears that all proteases, with the exception of papain-like proteases, belong to the first group of proteases. Finally, we show a number of examples and provide hints on how to engineer protein inhibitors.

Application of cross-correlation algorithm in moving target range-gated three-dimensional laser active imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 0617003
Author(s):  
范有臣 Fan Youchen ◽  
赵洪利 Zhao Hongli ◽  
孙华燕 Sun Huayan ◽  
郭惠超 Guo Huichao ◽  
赵延仲 Zhao Yanzhong
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Moving Target ◽  
Correlation Algorithm ◽  
Active Imaging

scholarly journals A New Cross-Correlation Algorithm Based on Distance for Improving Localization Accuracy of Partial Discharge in Cables Lines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianjie Rao ◽  
Kai Zhou ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Guangya Zhu ◽  
Pengfei Meng
Keyword(s):  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Propagation Distance ◽  
Test System ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Localization Accuracy ◽  
Correlation Algorithm ◽  
Cable Lines

Locating the partial discharge (PD) source is one of the most effective means to locate local defects in power cable lines. The sampling rate and the frequency-dependent characteristic of phase velocity have an obvious influence on localization accuracy based on the times of arrival (TOA) evaluation algorithm. In this paper, we present a cross-correlation algorithm based on propagation distance to locate the PD source in cable lines. First, we introduce the basic principle of the cross-correlation function of propagation distance. Then we verify the proposed method through a computer simulation model and investigate the influences of propagation distance, sampling rate, and noise on localization accuracy. Finally, we perform PD location experiments on two 250 m 10 kV XLPE power cables using the oscillation wave test system. The simulation and experiment results indicate that compared with traditional TOA evaluation methods, the proposed method has superior locating precision.

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