scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Clinical Dermatophytes Following CLSI and EUCAST Guidelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubhisha Dabas ◽  
Immaculata Xess ◽  
Gagandeep Singh ◽  
Mragnayani Pandey ◽  
Suneeta Meena
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Isolated from Candidemia Patients in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rostami Yasuj ◽  
Maral Gharaghani ◽  
Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz ◽  
Marjan Salahi ◽  
Ali Keshtkari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: Candidemia is the most common systemic infection in hospitalized patients causing high mortality. Hence, the diagnosis of this infection in the early stage with appropriate antifungal therapy is paramount. Objectives: The study aimed at molecular identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients and evaluation of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of these strains to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. Methods: In the present study, 800 hospitalized patients who were suspected to have candidemia were sampled. Candida species were isolated and identified based on morphological characteristics and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin were performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M27-A3. Also, clinical data were recorded from the patients' records. Results: Twenty-seven patients among the sample of hospitalized patients were found to have candidemia. A total of 33.3% of candidemia patients were treated with amphotericin B, in which case the mortality rate was 14.8%. The majority of patients (59%) were from the neonatal intensive care unit, and premature birth was the most common underlying condition. Candida albicans (n = 18; 66.6%) was the most common species isolated from blood cultures, followed by C. parapsilosis (n = 7; 25.9%), C. pelliculosa (n = 1; 3.7%), and C. tropicalis (n = 1; 3.7%). Only one C. albicans isolate resistant to fluconazole (minimum inhibitory concentration = 32 µg/mL). Conclusions: Generally, C. albicans has been the most frequent causative agent of candidemia. Resistance to antifungal drugs among candidemia agents was rare. Also, the identification of Candida isolates at the species level with in vitro antifungal susceptibility tests helps manage candidemia patients better and decrease the mortality rate among them.

Molecular Identification, And Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Candida Species Isolated From Candidemia Patients in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaghayegh Rostami Yasuj ◽  
Seyed Sajad Khoramrooz ◽  
Marjan Salahi ◽  
Ali Keshtkari ◽  
Jabar Taghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Its2 Region ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Candidemia is the most common systemic infection in hospitalized patients and causing high mortality. Hence, the diagnosis of this infection in the early-stage with appropriate antifungal therapy has been attributed to the lowest mortality. The aims of this study are molecular identification of Candida species isolated from candidemia patients and evaluated the in vitro antifungal susceptibility patterns of these strains to fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin. In the present study, 800 hospitalized patients who suspected candidemia were sampled. Candida species were isolated and identified based on morphological and PCR-sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region. Antifungal susceptibility tests for fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3. Also, clinical data were recorded from patient's records. Overall, 27 candidemia patients were detected among hospitalized patients. 33.3% of candidemia patients were treated with amphotericin B, however, the mortality rate was 14.8%. The majority of patients (59%) were from the neonatal intensive care unit and premature born was the most underlying condition. C. albicans (n = 18; 66.6%) was the most common species isolated from blood cultures, followed by C.parapsilosis (n = 7; 25.9%), C.pelliculosa ( n = 1;3.7% ) and C.tropicalis (n = 1;3.7%). Only one C. albicans isolate were resistance to fluconazole (MIC = 32 µg/mL). Generally, C. albicans has been the most frequent causative agent of candidemia. Resistance to antifungal drugs among candidemia agents was rare. Also, the identification of Candida isolates at the species level with in-vitro antifungal susceptibility tests can manage and decrease the mortality rate among candidemia patients.

scholarly journals 146. antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of candida Parapsilosis Bloodstream Isolates in the US, 2008–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S203-S203
Author(s):  
Brenda L Tesini ◽  
Meghan Lyman ◽  
Brendan R Jackson ◽  
Anita Gellert ◽  
William Schaffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Fluconazole Resistance ◽  
The Us ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Multidrug resistant Candida is an increasing concern. C. parapsilosis in particular has decreased in vitro susceptibility to echinocandins. As a result, fluconazole had been favored for C. parapsilosis treatment. However, there is growing concern about increasing azole resistance among Candida species. We report on antifungal susceptibility patterns of C. parapsilosis in the US from 2008 through 2018. Methods Active, population-based surveillance for candidemia through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Emerging Infections Program was conducted between 2008–2018, eventually encompassing 9 states (GA, MD,OR, TN, NY, CA, CO, MN, NM). Each incident isolate was sent to the CDC for species confirmation and antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST). Frequency of resistance was calculated and stratified by year and state using SAS 9.4 Results Of the 8,704 incident candidemia isolates identified, 1,471 (15%) were C. parapsilosis; the third most common species after C. albicans and C. glabrata. AFST results were available for 1,340 C. parapsilosis isolates. No resistance was detected to caspofungin (MIC50 0.25) or micafungin (MIC50 1.00) with only one (< 1%) isolate resistant to anidulafungin (MIC50 1.00). In contrast, 84 (6.3%) isolates were resistant to fluconazole and another 44 (3.3%) isolates had dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole (MIC50 1.00). Fluconazole resistance increased sharply from an average of 4% during 2008–2014 to a peak of 14% in 2016 with a subsequent decline to 6% in 2018 (see figure). Regional variation is also observed with fluconazole resistance ranging from 0% (CO, MN, NM) to 42% (NY) of isolates by site. Conclusion The recent marked increase in fluconazole resistance among C. parapsilosis highlights this pathogen as an emerging drug resistant pathogen of concern and the need for ongoing antifungal resistance surveillance among Candida species. Our data support the empiric use of echinocandins for C. parapsilosis bloodstream infections and underscore the need to obtain AFST prior to fluconazole treatment. Furthermore, regional variation in fluconazole resistance emphasizes the importance of understanding local Candida susceptibility patterns. Disclosures Lee Harrison, MD, GSK (Consultant)Merck (Consultant)Pfizer (Consultant)Sanofi Pasteur (Consultant)

scholarly journals Species Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Species Belonging to Aspergillus Section Nigri

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 4514-4517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Alcazar-Fuoli ◽  
Emilia Mellado ◽  
Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo ◽  
Manuel Cuenca-Estrella ◽  
Juan L. Rodriguez-Tudela
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Correct Classification ◽  
Paradoxical Effect ◽  
Aspergillus Section Nigri ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Aspergillus Section

ABSTRACT A phylogenetic analysis was performed for 34 Aspergillus strains belonging to section Nigri. Molecular methods allowed for the correct classification into three different clades (A. niger, A. tubingensis, and A. foetidus). Correlation with in vitro itraconazole susceptibility distinguished the following three profiles: susceptible, resistant, and showing a paradoxical effect. A number of different species whose morphological features resemble those of A. niger showed unusual MICs to itraconazole that have never been described for the Aspergillus genus.

scholarly journals Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns of Opportunistic Fungi in the Genera Verruconis and Ochroconis

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 3285-3292 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Seyedmousavi ◽  
K. Samerpitak ◽  
A. J. M. M. Rijs ◽  
W. J. G. Melchers ◽  
J. W. Mouton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungi ◽  
Opportunistic Fungi ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

ABSTRACTSpecies ofVerruconisand species ofOchroconisare dematiaceous fungi generally found in the environment but having the ability to infect humans, dogs, cats, poultry, and fish. This study presents the antifungal susceptibility patterns of these fungi at the species level. Forty strains originating from clinical and environmental sources were phylogenetically identified at the species level by using sequences of the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS).In vitroantifungal susceptibility testing was performed against eight antifungals, using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution method. The geometric mean MICs for amphotericin B (AMB), flucytosine (5FC), fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), and posaconazole (POS) and minimum effective concentrations (MECs) for caspofungin (CAS) and anidulafungin (AFG) across theOchroconisandVerruconisspecies were as follows, in increasing order. ForVerruconisspecies, the values (μg/ml) were as follows: AFG, 0.04; POS, 0.25; ITC, 0.37; AMB, 0.50; CAS, 0.65; VRC, 0.96; 5FC, 10.45; and FLC, 47.25. ForOchroconisspecies, the values (μg/ml) were as follows: AFG, 0.06; POS, 0.11; CAS, 0.67; VRC, 2.76; ITC, 3.94; AMB, 5.68; 5FC, 34.48; and FLC, 61.33. Antifungal susceptibility ofOchroconisandVerruconiswas linked with phylogenetic distance and thermotolerance. Echinocandins and POS showed the greatestin vitroactivity, providing possible treatment options forOchroconisandVerruconisinfections.

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