scholarly journals A Comprehensive Gene Expression Profile of Pectin Degradation Enzymes Reveals the Molecular Events during Cell Wall Degradation and Pathogenesis of Rice Sheath Blight Pathogen Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talluri Bhaskar Rao ◽  
Ramakrishna Chopperla ◽  
Naresh Babu Prathi ◽  
Marudamuthu Balakrishnan ◽  
Vellaisamy Prakasam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Differential Regulation ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Pectin Degradation ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Blight Disease

Sheath blight disease of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) remains a global challenge due to the absence of reliable resistance genes and poor understanding of pathogen biology. Pectin, one of the most vital constituents of the plant cell wall, is targeted by pectin methylesterases, polygalacturonases, and few other enzymes of fungal pathogens. In this study, we catalogued the expressed genes of the fungal genome from RNAseq of R. solani infected four rice genotypes. Analysis of RNAseq revealed 3325 pathogen genes commonly expressed in all rice genotypes, in which 49, 490, and 83 genes were specific to BPT5204, Tetep, and Pankaj genotypes, respectively. To identify the early and late responding genes of R. solani during plant cell wall degradation, a real-time PCR analysis of 30 pectinolytic enzymes was done at six different time points after inoculation. The majority of these genes showed maximum induction at the 72 h time point, suggesting that it is the most crucial stage of infection. Pankaj showed lesser induction of these genes as compared to other genotypes. Leaf-blade tissue and 45 days old-growth stage are more favorable for the expression of pectin degradation genes of R. solani. Additionally, the expression analysis of these genes from four different strains of R. solani suggested differential regulation of genes but no distinct expression pattern between highly virulent and mild strains. The implications of the differential regulation of these genes in disease development have been discussed. This study provides the first such comprehensive analysis of R. solani genes encoding pectin degrading enzymes, which would help to decipher the pathogen biology and sheath blight disease development.

scholarly journals Discovery of LPMO activity on hemicelluloses shows the importance of oxidative processes in plant cell wall degradation

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (17) ◽  
pp. 6287-6292 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Agger ◽  
T. Isaksen ◽  
A. Varnai ◽  
S. Vidal-Melgosa ◽  
W. G. T. Willats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Plant Cell Wall Degradation

scholarly journals RAVL1 Activates IDD3 to Negatively Regulate Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight Disease

Rice Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Sun Qian ◽  
Yang Shuo ◽  
Guo Xiaofan ◽  
Wang Siting ◽  
Jia Xintong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

scholarly journals Random Mutagenesis of Clostridium cellulolyticum by Using a Tn1545 Derivative

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (13) ◽  
pp. 4546-4549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Charles Blouzard ◽  
Odile Valette ◽  
Chantal Tardif ◽  
Pascale de Philip
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Metabolic Engineering ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Random Mutagenesis ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Clostridium Cellulolyticum ◽  
Plant Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Random Insertion

ABSTRACT Further understanding of the plant cell wall degradation system of Clostridium cellulolyticum and the possibility of metabolic engineering in this species highlight the need for a means of random mutagenesis. Here, we report the construction of a Tn1545-derived delivery tool which allows monocopy random insertion within the genome.

scholarly journals Uji Efektivitas Rizobakteria Dalam Menghambat Perkembangan Penyakit Hawar Pelepah Daun (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn.) Pada Padi Secara In Vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Hanisa Desy Ariani ◽  
Noor Aidawati ◽  
Dewi Arika Adriani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Blight Disease

One of the causes of the declining productivity of rice is sheath blight disease caused by the mold Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. Control of sheath blight disease that is often done by the farmers is by using chemical pesticides (fungicides), which caused environmental problems. One way to reduce the use of pesticides is to biological control by using antagonist bacteria. This study aimed at in vitro test of rhizobacteria in preventing the development of sheath blight disease in rice plants. This research was conducted in the Phytopathology laboratory of Plant Protection Department of Faculty Agriculture, University of Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru from March to May 2018. The experiment used a randomized block design with three groups consisting of eight types of rhizobacteria isolates: (r1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala), (r2) Bacillus megaterium (Hulu Sungai Tengah), (r3) Azotobacter sp. (Barito Kuala), (r4) Pseudomonas sp. (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r5) Flavobacterium sp. (Tanah Laut), (r6) Bacillus bodius (Barito Kuala), (r7) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Hulu Sungai Selatan), (r8) Necercia sp. (Tanah Laut). The results showed that all rhizobacteria have the ability to inhibit the development of R. solani with different percentages of inhibitions. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Barito Kuala) was the most effective rhizobacteria in inhibiting the development of R. solani.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF BANDED LEAF AND SHEATH BLIGHT DISEASE (Rhizoctonia solani KUHN) IN CORN WITH FORMULATED Bacillus subtilis BR23

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amran Muis ◽  
Arcadio J. Quimio
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Sheath Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. causing banded leaf and sheath blight diseases is one of the important fungi of corn world wide. The fungus is commonly controlled by using fungicide because no resistant variety available. The objective of the study was to develop a seed treatment formulation of the selected Bacillus subtilis to control R. solani in corn. The study was conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines Los Bañòs, College, Laguna from May 2004 to August 2005, using sweet corn var. IPB Supersweet as test plant. Corn seeds were surface sterilized for 10 minutes in 1% sodium hypochlorite solution and 5% ethanol, washed thrice with sterile distilled water and air-dried. The seeds were coated with formulated B. subtilis BR23 and used for several experiments, such as evaluation for their germination and growth in the laboratory, effectively on R. solani in the baked and nonbaked field soil under greenhouse condition, and in the microplots artificially infested with R. solani. The treatment was compared with other standard seed treatment of synthetic fungicides such as captan (10 g per kg seeds) and metalaxyl (10 g per kg seeds). The experiments were designed in a completely random design with three replications. Parameters observed were seed germination, plant height, disease scores, and plant yield. Laboratory formulated B. subtilis BR23 used as seed treatment had no detrimental effects on seed germination and seedling vigor. In microplots artificially infested with a selected highly virulent R. solani, seed treatment with the same formulation increased grain yield by 27% compared to that of the control captan seed treatment with 14.4%. The studies showed the potential of B. subtilis BR23 for commercialization as a seed treatment for the control of banded leaf and sheath blight disease (R. solani) in corn.

Feruloyl and p-coumaroyl esterase from anaerobic fungi in relation to plant cell wall degradation

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Borneman ◽  
Roy D. Hartley ◽  
W. Herbert Morrison ◽  
Danny E. Akin ◽  
Lars G. Ljungdahl
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Anaerobic Fungi ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Plant Cell Wall Degradation
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