scholarly journals Low-Density Polyethylene Film Biodegradation Potential by Fungal Species from Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 594
Author(s):  
Sarunpron Khruengsai ◽  
Teerapong Sripahco ◽  
Patcharee Pripdeevech
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Ldpe Film

Accumulated plastic waste in the environment is a serious problem that poses an ecological threat. Plastic waste has been reduced by initiating and applying different alternative methods from several perspectives, including fungal treatment. Biodegradation of 30 fungi from Thailand were screened in mineral salt medium agar containing low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films. Diaporthe italiana, Thyrostroma jaczewskii, Collectotrichum fructicola, and Stagonosporopsis citrulli were found to grow significantly by culturing with LDPE film as the only sole carbon source compared to those obtained from Aspergillus niger. These fungi were further cultured in mineral salt medium broth containing LDPE film as the sole carbon source for 90 days. The biodegradation ability of these fungi was evaluated from the amount of CO2 and enzyme production. Different amounts of CO2 were released from D. italiana, T. jaczewskii, C. fructicola, S. citrulli, and A. niger culturing with LDPE film, ranging from 0.45 to 1.45, 0.36 to 1.22, 0.45 to 1.45, 0.33 to 1.26, and 0.37 to 1.27 g/L, respectively. These fungi were able to secrete a large amount of laccase enzyme compared to manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase enzymes detected under the same conditions. The degradation of LDPE films by culturing with these fungi was further determined. LDPE films cultured with D. italiana, T. jaczewskii, C. fructicola, S. citrulli, and A. niger showed weight loss of 43.90%, 46.34%, 48.78%, 45.12%, and 28.78%, respectively. The tensile strength of LDPE films cultured with D. italiana, T. jaczewskii, C. fructicola, S. citrulli, and A. niger also reduced significantly by 1.56, 1.78, 0.43, 1.86, and 3.34 MPa, respectively. The results from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveal an increasing carbonyl index in LDPE films culturing with these fungi, especially C. fructicola. Analysis of LDPE films using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the biodegradation by the presence of morphological changes such as cracks, scions, and holes on the surface of the film. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from LDPE films cultured with these fungi were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). VOCs such as 1,3-dimethoxy-benzene, 1,3-dimethoxy-5-(1-methylethyl)-benzene, and 1,1-dimethoxy-decane were detected among these fungi. Overall, these fungi have the ability to break down and consume the LDPE film. The fungus C. fructicola is a promising resource for the biodegradation of LDPE which may be further applied in plastic degradation systems based on fungi.

Metabolism of a monoterpene alcohol, linalool, by a soil pseudomonad

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Madyastha ◽  
P. K. Bhattacharyya ◽  
C. S. Vaidyanathan
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Unsaturated Lactone ◽  
Linalool Oxide

A microorganism of the genus Pseudomonas has been isolated from the soil by enrichment culture techniques with linalool(I) as the sole source of carbon and energy. The organism is also capable of utilizing limonene, citronellol, and geraniol as substrates but fails to grow on citral, citranellal, and 1,8-cineole. Fermentation of linalool by this bacterium in a mineral salt medium results in the formation of 10-hydroxylinalool(II), 10-carboxylinalool(III), oleuropeic acid(IX), 2-vinyl-2-methyl-5-hydroxyisopropyl-tetrahydrofuran(linalool oxide, V), 2-vinyl-2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran-5-one(unsaturated lactone, VI), and few unidentified minor metabolites. Probable pathways for the biodegradation of linalool are presented.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength and Bulk Density of Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB) Infused with Low-density Polyethylene (LDPE) Pellets

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1932-1943
Author(s):  
Alvin Joseph Santos Dolores ◽  
Jonathan David Lasco ◽  
Timothy M. Bertiz ◽  
Kimjay M. Lamar
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Industry Practice

Infusing plastic waste to concrete and masonry structures is an increasingly common industry practice that has the potential to create an environment-friendly material that can improve some of the material’s properties, craft a novel means to repurpose plastic waste, and reduce the need for mining aggregates in the environment. This concept has been studied extensively in different forms of concrete, as shown by several studies; however, there is a dearth of studies focusing on the incorporation plastic waste in concrete hollow blocks (CHB). In this study, we aim to fill that gap by investigating on the effects of incorporating low-density polyethylene (LDPE), a commonly used plastic material, to CHB on its compressive strength and bulk density. Samples of varying percentages of LDPE replacement by volume (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%) were fabricated and tested. Results showed a general trend of decreasing compressive strength and bulk density upon increasing the amount of LDPE pellets in CHB, which was also observed in previous studies. However, the compressive strength of CHB increased at 10% LDPE replacement, a result similar to a previous study. It was inferred that the strength of the plastic material could have a direct contribution to the compressive strength of CHB at low percentage of aggregate replacement. Statistical analysis showed that the mix with 10% LDPE pellets as replacement to sand was the best among the samples tested. It was shown that CHB infused with LDPE pellets has a higher compressive strength than what is normally used in the Philippines. It was concluded that based on compressive strength and bulk density, LDPE pellets is a viable material to use as partial replacement to sand in non-load bearing CHB.

scholarly journals Removal of tannin from Shea nut cake by Pseudomonas strain

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
F.M. Danikuu ◽  
A. Quainoo ◽  
E.N.K. Sowley
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Tannin Concentration ◽  
Enhanced Biodegradation

The use of microorganisms to remove the anti-nutritional factors in shea nut cake as the most cost effective and environmentally friendly approach to permit its use in agriculture for animal nutrition and soil fertility is long anticipated. Bacteria isolated from shea nut cake polluted soil in Sagnarigu District of Northern Region of Ghana showed that anti-nutritional factors in shea nut cake are bio-degradable. The bacteria were grown in mineral salt medium supplemented with 2% shea nut cake as sole source of carbon. The bacteria isolate was identified biochemically as Pseudomonas aerugenosa and reduced total tannin concentration in shea nut cake from 54.58 g Kg-1 to 8.71 g Kg-1 (84%) in 10 days and 92% in 20 days. Boiling of shea nut cake reduced tannin content from 54.58 g Kg-1 to 16.36 g Kg-1 (70%) and enhanced biodegradation of tannin in the shea nut cake, removing up to 95% of total tannins in shea nut cake in 20 days.Journal of Medical and Biomedical Sciences (2016) 5(1), 17-22Keywords: Tannins, biodegradability, bacteria, mineral salt medium

scholarly journals Enrichment and Analysis of Stable 1,4-dioxane-Degrading Microbial Consortia Consisting of Novel Dioxane-Degraders

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmoy Roy Tusher ◽  
Takuya Shimizu ◽  
Chihiro Inoue ◽  
Mei-Fang Chien
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Microbial Consortium ◽  
Mineral Salt Medium ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Salt Medium ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Water Contaminant

Biodegradation of 1,4-dioxane, a water contaminant of emerging concern, has drawn substantial attention over the last two decades. A number of dioxane-degraders have been identified, though many of them are unable to metabolically utilize 1,4-dioxane. Moreover, it is considered more preferable to use microbial consortia rather than the pure strains, especially in conventional bioreactors for industrial wastewater treatment. In the present study, a stable 1,4-dioxane-degrading microbial consortium was enriched, namely 112, from industrial wastewater by nitrate mineral salt medium (NMSM). The consortium 112 is capable of utilizing 1,4-dioxane as a sole carbon and energy source, and can completely degrade 1,4-dioxane up to 100 mg/L. From the consortium 112, two 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacterial strains were isolated and identified, in which the Variovorax sp. TS13 was found to be a novel 1,4-dioxane-degrader that can utilize 100 mg/L of 1,4-dioxane. The efficacy of the consortium 112 was increased significantly when we cultured the consortium with mineral salt medium (MSM). The new consortium, N112, could utilize 1,4-dioxane at a rate of 1.67 mg/L·h. The results of the ribosomal RNA intergenic spacer analysis (RISA) depicted that changes in the microbial community structure of consortium 112 was the reason behind the improved degradation efficiency of consortium N112, which was exhibited as a stable and effective microbial consortium with a high potential for bioremediation of the dioxane-impacted sites and contaminated industrial wastewater.

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