scholarly journals The Incremental Demise of Urban Green Spaces

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Colding ◽  
Åsa Gren ◽  
Stephan Barthel
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Land Use Decisions

More precise explanations are needed to better understand why public green spaces are diminishing in cities, leading to the loss of ecosystem services that humans receive from natural systems. This paper is devoted to the incremental change of green spaces—a fate that is largely undetectable by urban residents. The paper elucidates a set of drivers resulting in the subtle loss of urban green spaces and elaborates on the consequences of this for resilience planning of ecosystem services. Incremental changes of greenspace trigger baseline shifts, where each generation of humans tends to take the current condition of an ecosystem as the normal state, disregarding its previous states. Even well-intended political land-use decisions, such as current privatization schemes, can cumulatively result in undesirable societal outcomes, leading to a gradual loss of opportunities for nature experience. Alfred E. Kahn referred to such decision making as ‘the tyranny of small decisions.’ This is mirrored in urban planning as problems that are dealt with in an ad hoc manner with no officially formulated vision for long-term spatial planning. Urban common property systems could provide interim solutions for local governments to survive periods of fiscal shortfalls. Transfer of proprietor rights to civil society groups can enhance the resilience of ecosystem services in cities.

scholarly journals Investigation of The Sufficiency of Antalya Parks

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 2449-2457
Author(s):  
Orhun Soydan ◽  
Nefise Çetin
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Spatial Analyses ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Neighborhood Boundaries ◽  
Nature Parks

Urban green spaces are areas established to meet the recreational needs of urban people. Although green spaces vary from country to country and region in terms of plan and design features, they were basically created to allow people to meet with nature. Parks are the basic components of urban landscapes that provide environmental and social functional value. Urban parks, in particular, provide spaces for outdoor physical activities. In order to take advantage of the opportunities of activities in the parks, users must have convenient access to these resources. One of the most important aspects for researching the use and potential benefits of urban green spaces is the assessment of their geographic accessibility. The widespread use of smart city systems and the gradual expansion of their usage areas increase the importance of spatial analysis. Spatial analyses are used in today’s urban management in the processes of determining social needs, identifying current problems, and putting forward solutions. When spatial analyses are used together with GIS, the field of application develops even more, and it supports local governments in responding to the changing demands of the society for a better life. In the study, the adequacy and accessibility of 160 city parks in Konyaaltı District of Antalya Province were examined. In terms of the adequacy of the parks, the area value of 10 m2 per person determined with the Construction Plan numbered 3194 was taken as basis. In terms of accessibility, distance values of 200, 400, 800, 1,200 meters were examined. Neighborhood boundaries and population information were obtained from the relevant units, and Arc-GIS software was used in the analysis. It was determined that the parks in Konyaaltı district were insufficient in terms of adequacy and accessibility. Finally, suggestions were made in terms of increasing the adequacy of the parks and ensuring accessibility.

scholarly journals Assessing the Ecosystem Services of Various Types of Urban Green Spaces Based on i-Tree Eco

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peihao Song ◽  
Gunwoo Kim ◽  
Audrey Mayer ◽  
Ruizhen He ◽  
Guohang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Ecological Benefits ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Service Productivity ◽  
Air Quality Improvement

Urban green spaces play a crucial role in maintaining urban ecosystem sustainability by providing numerous ecosystem services. How to quantify and evaluate the ecological benefits and services of urban green spaces remains a hot topic currently, while the evaluation is barely applied or implemented in urban design and planning. In this study, super-high-resolution aerial images were used to acquire the spatial distribution of urban green spaces; a modified pre-stratified random sampling method was applied to obtain the vegetation information of the four types of urban green spaces in Luohe, a common plain city in China; and i-Tree Eco model was further used to assess the vegetation structure and various ecosystem services including air quality improvement, rainfall interception, carbon storage, and sequestration provided by four types of urban green spaces. The modeling results reveal that there were about 1,006,251 trees in this area. In 2013, all the trees in these green spaces could store about 54,329 t of carbon, sequester about 4973 t of gross carbon, remove 92 t of air pollutants, and avoid 122,637 m3 of runoff. The study illustrates an innovative method to reveal different types of urban green spaces with distinct ecosystem service productivity capacity to better understand their various roles in regulating the urban environment. The results could be used to assist urban planners and policymakers to optimize urban green space structure and composition to maximize ecosystem services provision.

Adaptive governance to promote ecosystem services in urban green spaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Odom Green ◽  
Ahjond S. Garmestani ◽  
Sandra Albro ◽  
Natalie C. Ban ◽  
Adam Berland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Adaptive Governance ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

scholarly journals Whose Urban Green? Mapping and Classifying Public and Private Green Spaces in Padua for Spatial Planning Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Guglielmo Pristeri ◽  
Francesca Peroni ◽  
Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo ◽  
Daniele Codato ◽  
Antonio Masi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Planning Policies

The rising environmental issues on contemporary cities urgently calls for sustainable planning policies. Implementation of nature-based solutions, ecosystem services, and green infrastructures associated to green spaces management is at present of paramount importance. In contrast to policies mainly focused on public greenery, the inclusion of private green in planning strategies might be a promising pathway. The general aim is mapping and classifying urban green spaces in Padua, a city of 93.3 km2 (Northeast Italy). Specific aims are (i) testing an NDVI-derived extraction from very high-resolution orthophotos; (ii) classifying property status; (iii) highlighting multilevel relationships and strategies for urban green spaces implementation and management; (iv) assessing greenery in relation to per capita population. By performing remote sensing and GIS analyses, a first detailed global map of urban green spaces in Padua was created; then, binary classification and thematic maps for rural/non-rural, public/private, municipal/non-municipal greenery were produced for all urban units. Results show that, among total green spaces (52.23 km2), more than half are rural. Moreover, private green spaces represent 80%, while within public areas (20%) less than 10% are municipal (5 km2). We therefore highlight scenarios for planning policies in Padua by providing tools to policymakers for an integrated management of green spaces, where private greenery might also contribute to ecosystem services implementation for common urban well-being.

Using the ecosystem services approach for better planning and conservation of urban green spaces: a Finland case study

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3225-3243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari Niemelä ◽  
Sanna-Riikka Saarela ◽  
Tarja Söderman ◽  
Leena Kopperoinen ◽  
Vesa Yli-Pelkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces

A MSPA-Based Approach of Urban Green Space System Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5972-5979
Author(s):  
Qing Chang ◽  
Yao Qiu ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Jian Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽  
Space System ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Land Use Decisions

Urban green spaces are considered as the life support system in a city, if systematically planned, developed, and maintained, they may provide various ecosystem services in a sustainable way. By integrating the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and the green infrastructure (GI) network based on GIS, this study provided an urban green space planning method to guide urban sustainable spatial development and land use decisions in the Longgang District of Shenzhen in China. The approach has a robust performance in identifying the vital hubs and linkages in the urban green space system. It is hoped that this plan model based on MSPA, the function connectivity of urban green spaces could be farther strengthened so that some key zones in landscape pattern could be protected in the future development.

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