scholarly journals Diatom-Derived Polyunsaturated Aldehydes Are Unlikely to Influence the Microbiota Composition of Laboratory-Cultured Diatoms

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe L. Eastabrook ◽  
Paul Whitworth ◽  
Georgina Robinson ◽  
Gary S. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Batch Culture ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Laboratory Cultures ◽  
Polyunsaturated Aldehydes ◽  
Skeletonema Marinoi

Diatom-derived oxylipins, including polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA), are considered to have infochemical, allelochemical and bacteriostatic properties, with plausible roles as grazing deterrents and regulators of inter- and intraspecific competition. However, the extent and mechanisms of how PUA influence diatom–bacteria interactions remain unresolved. In this study, impacts on the diversity of the associated bacterial communities (microbiota) of two contrasting Skeletonema marinoi strains (a PUA and a non-PUA producer) were investigated under three nitrate conditions in batch culture. Further, the response of the culture microbiota was studied when spiked with PUA at ecologically relevant concentrations (86nM octadienal and 290nM heptadienal). Of the 741 identified OTUs, Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum (62.10%), followed by Bacteroidetes (12.33%) and Firmicutes (6.11%). Escherichia/Shigella were the most abundant genera for all treatments. Similar communities were present in both spiked and non-spiked cultures suggesting they can tolerate PUA exposure at realistic concentrations. This study suggests that PUA are not major drivers of diatom–bacteria interactions in laboratory cultures.

Utilising bacterial communities associated with digested piggery effluent as a primary food source for the batch culture of Moina australiensis

2010 ◽  
Vol 101 (10) ◽  
pp. 3371-3378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayali S. Patil ◽  
Andrew J. Ward ◽  
Martin S. Kumar ◽  
Andrew S. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Batch Culture ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Food Source

scholarly journals Microbiome Analysis of Gut Bacterial Communities of Healthy and Diseased Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Mei Lin Lau ◽  
Cindy Jia Yung Kho ◽  
LEONARD WHYE KIT LIM ◽  
Siew Chuiang Sia ◽  
Hung Hui Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Petechial Haemorrhage ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
And Function ◽  
Gut Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Aims: The gut microbiota is referred to an extra organ and is ciritical in assisting the host in terms of nutrition and immunity. Environmental stressors could alter gut microbial community and cause gut inflammation. This study aimed to investigate and compare the gut microbiota community between healthy and diseased Tor tambroides. Methodology and results: In this study, such gut microbial alterations were explored using NGS-based 16S rDNA sequencing on the Malaysian mahseer (T. tambroides). Three adult healthy and three diseased adult Malaysian mahseers (showing signs of exophthalmia, coelomic distension and petechial haemorrhage) were obtained from LTT Aquaculture Sdn Bhd. Our results revealed significant differences in microbial diversity, composition and function between both populations of T. tambroides. Alpha diversity analysis depicts lower diversity of gut microbiota composition in diseased T. tambroides as compared to the healthy group. In particular, Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas, Bacteroides, Vibrio and Pseudomonas were found within gut microbiota of the diseased fishes. In addition, cellulose-degrading bacteria and protease-producing bacteria were identified from the gut of T. tambroides. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Thus, our findings emphasised on the association between the alteration in gut microbiota composition and infectious abdominal dropsy (IAD) in T. tambroides. This finding is important to provide basic information for further diagnosis, prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases in fish.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Dissolved and Particulate Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in Mesocosms Inoculated with Different Densities of the Diatom Skeletonema marinoi

Marine Drugs ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Vidoudez ◽  
Jens Christian Nejstgaard ◽  
Hans Henrik Jakobsen ◽  
Georg Pohnert
Keyword(s):  
Polyunsaturated Aldehydes ◽  
Skeletonema Marinoi

scholarly journals Cysteine dependence in Lactobacillus iners constitutes a novel therapeutic target to modify the vaginal microbiota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth M Bloom ◽  
Nomfuneko A Mafunda ◽  
Benjamin M Woolston ◽  
Matthew R Hayward ◽  
Josephine F Frempong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Novel Target ◽  
Poor Outcomes ◽  
Species Specific

Vaginal microbiota composition affects several important reproductive health outcomes. Lactobacillus crispatus-dominant bacterial communities have favorable associations whereas anaerobe-dominant communities deficient of lactobacilli are linked to poor outcomes, including bacterial vaginosis (BV). Lactobacillus iners, the most abundant vaginal species worldwide, has adverse associations compared to L. crispatus, but standard metronidazole treatment for BV promotes L. iners-dominance, likely contributing to post-treatment relapse. L. iners is under-studied because it fails to grow in standard Lactobacillus media in vitro. Here we trace this in vitro phenotype to a species-specific cysteine requirement associated with limitations in cysteine-related transport mechanisms and show that vaginal cysteine concentrations correlate with Lactobacillus abundance in vivo. We demonstrate that cystine uptake inhibitors selectively impede L. iners growth and that combining an inhibitor with metronidazole thus promotes L. crispatus dominance of defined BV-like communities. These findings identify a novel target for therapeutic vaginal microbiota modulation to improve reproductive health.

Comparison of the fecal microbiota composition between the blue Sheep (Pseudois nayaur) fed with Lolium perenne and Sorghum sudanense

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haili Wu ◽  
Yaohua Yuan ◽  
Hongjie Pan
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Blue Sheep ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Pseudois Nayaur ◽  
Sorghum Sudanense ◽  
Microbiota Diversity

Lolium perenne L. and Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf. are two common forages fed to the captive blue sheep. However, the effect of these two forages on the gastrointestinal microbiota is largely unknown. We analyzed the microbiota diversity in feces of the captive blue sheep fed with L. perenne (F1) and S. sudanense (F2) by 16S rRNA sequencing. A total number of 20 major phyla and 29 genera fecal bacterial communities were detected in the two groups. The F1 and F2 groups shared common microbiota at the phylum level, which mainly consisted of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 were top four dominant taxa at the genus level. The percentage of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-010 in F2 was significantly higher than that in F1 (~2.75 fold). The diversity and abundance of the microbial community in F2 were higher than that in F1. Although both of the L. perenne and S. sudanense effect the blue sheep gastrointestinal microbiota metabolism, the S. sudanense improves more aspects in metabolism and biogenesis. In summary, our results demonstrated that the L. perenne and S. sudanense effect the blue sheep gastrointestinal microbiota in different ways. But S. sudanense efficiently improved the blue sheep gastrointestinal microbiota.

Inter-individual variation shapes the human microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily F. Wissel ◽  
Leigh K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Microbiome Research

Abstract The target article suggests inter-individual variability is a weakness of microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) research, but we discuss why it is actually a strength. We comment on how accounting for individual differences can help researchers systematically understand the observed variance in microbiota composition, interpret null findings, and potentially improve the efficacy of therapeutic treatments in future clinical microbiome research.

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