Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Neo-Tropical Rodents and Marsupials: Is There Any Zoonotic Potential?

Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis have been identified as emerging diseases in both developed and developing countries. Wildlife has been highlighted to play a major role in the spread of these diseases to humans. This review aims to highlight the research findings that relate to Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp., with a focus on (1) parasitism of neo-tropical hystricomorphic rodents and marsupials from the genus Didelphis and (2) prevention and treatment strategies for humans and animals for the neo-tropical region. It was found that there are few studies conducted on neo-tropical rodent and marsupial species, but studies that were found illustrated the potential role these animals may play as zoonotic carriers of these two parasites for the neo-tropical region. Thus, it is recommended that further studies be done to assess the threat of protozoan parasites in neo-tropical wildlife to humans and domestic animals, and to further determine the most effective prophylaxis adapted for the unique conditions of the region.

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Treatment strategies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: potential role of exercise

Oncology Reviews ◽

10.1007/s12156-010-0044-1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 117-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Karen Y. Wonders ◽

Beverly S. Reigle ◽

Daniel G. Drury

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Potential Role ◽

Treatment Strategies

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Milk and marketing of dairy productions in Samangan province: A case study in districts of Khuram-Sarbagh, Feroz-Nakhchir, and center of Samangan (Aybak), Afghanistan

International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies ◽

10.53894/ijirss.v4i3.70 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 147-151

Author(s):

Abdul Hadi Mukhtar ◽

Sayed Batin Ashkar ◽

Benazir Azizi

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cattle ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Future Research ◽

Complex Method ◽

Dairy Production ◽

The Future ◽

Market Situation ◽

The Status ◽

Research Findings

In this study the status of milk and dairy production marketing in Samangan province is explained. Locking of ranchers accessing to a respondent dairy production market is the main problem focused herein. In Afghanistan illiteracy, traditional customs dominance and low economy level are the major gaps somewhat nationally remained unresolved among most of ranchers. The main objective of this study is assessing the dairy productions market situation to empower the economy level of farmers. A complex method was applied in this study including observation, interview, and questionnaire. Totally 117 questionnaires were handled. Results of analyzed collected data clarify that 90% of ranchers were illiterate, dairy cattle keeping is more than other milky animals because of its lower needs to silage and land. It has been concluded that farmers of Samangan province have adequate experience of keeping and nourishing the domestic animals in order to get a noticeable income. For getting the highest income and having modernized dairy production activities, from the viewpoint of authors, gradually researches accommodating are recommended and this research findings and conclusions will contribute better designing of the future research.

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Changes in the Microbiome of Cryptosporidium-Infected Mice Correlate to Differences in Susceptibility and Infection Levels

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8060879 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 879 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Raheela Charania ◽

Brandy E. Wade ◽

Nina N. McNair ◽

Jan R. Mead

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Illumina Miseq ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Species Evenness ◽

Gut Permeability ◽

Protozoan Parasites ◽

Gut Flora ◽

Cryptosporidium Spp ◽

Immunological Status

Cryptosporidium spp. are opportunistic protozoan parasites that infect epithelial cells of the small intestine, causing diarrheal illness in humans. Differences in severity may be due to the immunological status of the host, malnutrition or prior exposure but may also be due to differences in the host gut flora. We examined changes in bacterial flora following antibiotic treatment to determine how cryptosporidial infections and gut integrity were affected by alterations in the microbiome. DNA was extracted from fecal and intestinal samples during peak infection. V4 region amplicons were generated and sequenced using 16sRNA on an Illumina MiSeq. Species evenness and richness were estimated using the Shannon diversity index. There was a significant decrease in anaerobes and overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae in mice treated with cloxacillin. We also examined levels of short-chain fatty acids in fecal samples. There was a significant decrease in acetate, propionate, and butyrate in these same mice. Concurrent with the shift in bacterial infection was a significant increase in severity of cryptosporidial infection and increase in gut permeability. Treatment with other antibiotics significantly altered the microbiome but did not change the infection, suggesting that specific alterations in the host microbiome allow for more favorable growth of the parasite.

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Genetic Adaptation of Influenza A Viruses in Domestic Animals and Their Potential Role in Interspecies Transmission: A Literature Review

EcoHealth ◽

10.1007/s10393-014-1004-1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 171-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Olga Munoz ◽

◽

Marco De Nardi ◽

Karen van der Meulen ◽

Kristien van Reeth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Influenza A ◽

Potential Role ◽

Domestic Animals ◽

Interspecies Transmission ◽

Genetic Adaptation ◽

Influenza A Viruses

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Treatment of Symptomatic Cholelithiasis in France: A Decision Analysis Comparing Cholecystectomy and Biliary Lithotripsy

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462300008023 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 166-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Mark Fendrick ◽

Gérard De Pouvourville ◽

Caterine Bitker ◽

Gilles Pelletier

Keyword(s):

Decision Analysis ◽

Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽

Potential Role ◽

Treated Patient ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Economic Effects ◽

Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽

Economic Perspectives ◽

Biliary Lithotripsy

AbstractTo determine the potential role of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of symptomatic gallstone patients in France, a simulation model evaluated the health and economic effects of three different treatment strategies. Decision analysis of conventional cholecystectomy alone and either of two strategies using a combination of biliary lithotripsy and conventional cholecystectomy reveals that a strategy employing biliary ESWL results in a significant number of successfully treated patients, thus avoiding the risks and costs of abdominal surgery. Moreover, cost analysis shows that expanding the use of lithotripsy to all patients for whom the procedure is indicated increases the average cost per successfully treated patient, but, more importantly, decreases the overall costs incurred by the cohort. From a societal viewpoint, a policy using biliary ESWL in appropriate patients is superior to one of cholecystectomy alone, from both clinical and economic perspectives.

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Protozoan Parasites of Domestic Animals and of Man

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.1974.23.5.tm0230051004b ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 1004-1004 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert G. Yaeger

Keyword(s):

Domestic Animals ◽

Protozoan Parasites

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Youth Exposure to Crime and Violence: Its Effects and Implications for Intervention

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1891/0889-8391.14.1.37 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 37-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Steven L. Berman ◽

Wendy K. Silverman ◽

William M. Kurtines

Keyword(s):

Urban Youth ◽

School Counselor ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Stress Reactions ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Need For Treatment ◽

Group Format ◽

Research Findings ◽

Current Assessment ◽

Post Traumatic

A growing proportion of urban youth are at high risk for exposure to extreme acts of crime or violence. This article reviews the literature on the relationship between exposure to crime and violence and the development of post-traumatic stress reactions, as well as current assessment methods which have been used to evaluate children’s and adolescents’ exposure to crime and violence. The need for treatment strategies to deal with this growing problem is discussed as well. Based on research findings an intervention model is presented which uses exposure-based exercises as well as cognitive and behavioral procedures that can be readily implemented by a school counselor in a group format.

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Prevalence of intestinal parasites in children from minority group with low hygienic standards in Slovakia

Helminthologia ◽

10.2478/s11687-012-0013-2 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 63-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

P. Rudohradská ◽

M. Halánová ◽

P. Ravaszová ◽

M. Goldová ◽

A. Valenčáková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Socioeconomic Status ◽

Human Population ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Minority Group ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Giardia Intestinalis ◽

Protozoan Parasites ◽

Cryptosporidium Spp ◽

Faecal Samples ◽

Hygienic Standard

AbstractThe number of parasites followed the rapid growing of human population worldwide, not only in developing but also in developed countries. Many of them are diagnosed in children and adolescents. The occurrence of selected intestinal endoparasites in children coming from areas with low hygienic and socioeconomic status was studied. Out of 81 faecal samples examined, 46 (56.8 %) were positive for presence of intestinal parasites. From helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides was found to be the leading parasite (24.7 %), followed by Trichuris trichiura (17.3 %). Tapeworm Taenia spp. eggs were detected in 4.9 % of examined children. From protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. was observed in 36 children (44.4 %) and Giardia intestinalis in 20 children (24.7 %). The occurrence of these epidemiologically low risky parasites in Roma children population suggests low hygienic standard in the Roma settlements.

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