scholarly journals Special Issue: Probabilistic Mechanical Fatigue and Fracture of Materials

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 4901
Author(s):  
Miguel Muñiz-Calvente ◽  
Alfonso Fernández-Canteli
Keyword(s):  
Material Characterization ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Damage Models ◽  
Mechanical Fatigue ◽  
Future State ◽  
Fatigue And Fracture ◽  
Fracture Of Materials

When designing structural and mechanical components, general structural integrity criteria must be met in order to ensure a valid performance according to its designed function, that is, supporting loads or resisting any kind of action causing stress and strains to the material without catastrophic failure. For these reasons, the development of solutions to manage the test conditions, failure mechanism, damage evolution, component functionalities and loading types should be implemented. The aim of this Special Issue “Probabilistic Mechanical Fatigue and Fracture of Materials” is to contribute to updating current and future state-of-the-art methodologies that promote an objective material characterization and the development of advanced damage models that ensure a feasible transferability from the experimental results to the design of real components. This is imbricated in some probabilistic background related to theoretical and applied fracture and fatigue theories, and advanced numerical models applied to some real application examples.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Fatigue and Fracture of Non-Metallic Materials and Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Andrea Spagnoli
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Multifunctional Materials ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Bituminous Mixtures ◽  
Fatigue And Fracture ◽  
Soft Matters

This Special Issue covers the broad topic of structural integrity of non-metallic materials, and it is concerned with the modelling, assessment and reliability of structural elements of any scale. In particular, the articles being contained in this issue concentrate on the mechanics of fracture and fatigue in relation to applications to a variety of non-metallic materials, including concrete and cementitious composites, rocks, glass, ceramics, bituminous mixtures, composites, polymers, rubber and soft matters, bones and biological materials, advanced and multifunctional materials.

Hydroponics: current and future state of the art in farming

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Saad Khan ◽  
Ankit Purohit ◽  
Nikita Vadsaria
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future State

scholarly journals Annelid Diversity: Historical Overview and Future Perspectives

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
María Capa ◽  
Pat Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Species Numbers ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Taxonomic Groups ◽  
A New Species

Annelida is a ubiquitous, common and diverse group of organisms, found in terrestrial, fresh waters and marine environments. Despite the large efforts put into resolving the evolutionary relationships of these and other Lophotrochozoa, and the delineation of the basal nodes within the group, these are still unanswered. Annelida holds an enormous diversity of forms and biological strategies alongside a large number of species, following Arthropoda, Mollusca, Vertebrata and perhaps Platyhelminthes, among the species most rich in phyla within Metazoa. The number of currently accepted annelid species changes rapidly when taxonomic groups are revised due to synonymies and descriptions of a new species. The group is also experiencing a recent increase in species numbers as a consequence of the use of molecular taxonomy methods, which allows the delineation of the entities within species complexes. This review aims at succinctly reviewing the state-of-the-art of annelid diversity and summarizing the main systematic revisions carried out in the group. Moreover, it should be considered as the introduction to the papers that form this Special Issue on Systematics and Biodiversity of Annelids.

scholarly journals Advanced Simulation Tools Applied to Materials Development and Design Predictions

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Correia ◽  
Abílio De Jesus ◽  
Shun-Peng Zhu ◽  
Xiancheng Zhang ◽  
Dianyin Hu
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Thematic Issue ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
International Colloquium ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Mechanical Fatigue ◽  
Power Generation Systems

This thematic issue on advanced simulation tools applied to materials development and design predictions gathers selected extended papers related to power generation systems, presented at the XIX International Colloquium on Mechanical Fatigue of Metals (ICMFM XIX) organized at University of Porto, Portugal, in 2018. Guest editors express special thanks to all contributors for the success of this special issue—authors, reviewers, and journal staff.

scholarly journals Introduction

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl F. Kaestle
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
History Of

The History of Education Quarterly has done it again. Despite many scholars' previous attempts to summarize the state of the art in historical studies of literacy, this special issue will now be the best, up-to-date place for a novice to start. It should be required reading for everyone interested in this subfield. The editors have enlisted an impressive roster of prominent scholars in the field, and these authors have provided us with an excellent array of synthetic reviews, methodological and theoretical discussions, and exemplary research papers.

Proximal policy optimization with model-based methods

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shuailong Li ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Huiwen Zhang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Yuquan Leng
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Transition Model ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Original Algorithm ◽  
Policy Performance ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Future State ◽  
Policy Optimization

Model-free reinforcement learning methods have successfully been applied to practical applications such as decision-making problems in Atari games. However, these methods have inherent shortcomings, such as a high variance and low sample efficiency. To improve the policy performance and sample efficiency of model-free reinforcement learning, we propose proximal policy optimization with model-based methods (PPOMM), a fusion method of both model-based and model-free reinforcement learning. PPOMM not only considers the information of past experience but also the prediction information of the future state. PPOMM adds the information of the next state to the objective function of the proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm through a model-based method. This method uses two components to optimize the policy: the error of PPO and the error of model-based reinforcement learning. We use the latter to optimize a latent transition model and predict the information of the next state. For most games, this method outperforms the state-of-the-art PPO algorithm when we evaluate across 49 Atari games in the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE). The experimental results show that PPOMM performs better or the same as the original algorithm in 33 games.

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