scholarly journals Review on the Use of Superconducting Bulks for Magnetic Screening in Electrical Machines for Aircraft Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2847
Author(s):  
Rémi Dorget ◽  
Quentin Nouailhetas ◽  
Alexandre Colle ◽  
Kévin Berger ◽  
Kimiaki Sudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Flux Modulation ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Current Density Jc ◽  
Critical Temperature Tc

High-Temperature Superconductors (HTS) considerably accelerate the development of superconducting machines for electrical engineering applications such as fully electrical aircraft. This present contribution is an overview of different superconducting materials that can be used as magnetic screens for the inductor of high specific power electrical machines. The impact of the material properties, such as the critical temperature (Tc) and the critical current density (Jc), on the machine performances is evaluated. In addition, the relevance to flux modulation machines of different HTS bulk synthesis methods are addressed.

scholarly journals Barriers and Challenges Going from Conventional to Cryogenic Superconducting Propulsion for Hybrid and All-Electric Aircrafts

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6861
Author(s):  
Francisco Ferreira da Silva ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes ◽  
Paulo Jose da Costa Branco
Keyword(s):  
Electric Machines ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Electric Aircraft ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fuel Source

The development of electric aircraft is becoming an important technology for achieving the goals set by the European Commission for the reduction of gases emissions by 2050 in the aeronautical transportation system. However, there is a technology gap between the current values of specific power in commercial electric machines and those required for aeronautical applications. Therefore, the search for alternative materials and non-conventional designs is mandatory. One emergent solution is using superconducting machines and systems to overcome the current limits of conventional electrical machines. This work reviews the new hybrid and all-electric aircraft tendencies, complementing it with recent research on the design and development of high specific power superconducting machines. This includes the main topologies for hybrid and all-electric aircraft, with an overview of the ongoing worldwide projects of these aircraft types, systematizing the main characteristics of their propulsion systems. It also includes the research on superconducting machines to achieve high specific power and consider the impact on the redesign of aircraft systems, the electrical, cooling, and fuel source systems.

Barriers and Challenges Going From Conventional to Cryogenic Superconducting Propulsion for Hybrid and All-Electric Aircrafts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Ferreira da Silva ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes ◽  
P. J. da Costa Branco
Keyword(s):  
Electric Machines ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Aircraft Systems ◽  
Electric Aircraft ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fuel Source

The development of electric aircrafts is becoming an important technology for achieving the goals set by the European Commission for the reduction of gases emissions by 2050 in the aeronautical transportation system. However, there is a gap between the values of specific power in commercial electric machines and the ones required for aeronautical applications. Therefore, the search for alternative materials and non-conventional designs is mandatory. One emergent solution is using superconducting machines and systems to overcome the current limits of conventional electrical machines. This work reviews the new hybrid and all-electric aircraft tendencies, complementing it with recent research on the design and development of high specific power superconducting machines. This includes the main topologies for hybrid and all-electric aircraft, with an overview of the ongoing worldwide projects of these types of aircrafts, systematizing the main characteristics of their propulsion systems. It also includes the research on superconducting machines for the purpose of high specific power, considering the impact on the redesign of aircraft systems in the electrical, cooling, and fuel source sense.

scholarly journals Aquatic Toxicity of Photocatalyst Nanoparticles to Green Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Cristina Adochite ◽  
Luminita Andronic
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Vulgaris ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Aquatic Toxicity ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Potent Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Density Surface ◽  
The Impact

In the last years, nanoparticles such as TiO2, ZnO, NiO, CuO and Fe2O3 were mainly used in wastewater applications. In addition to the positive aspects concerning using nanoparticles in the advanced oxidation process of wastewater containing pollutants, the impact of these nanoparticles on the environment must also be investigated. The toxicity of nanoparticles is generally investigated by the nanomaterials’ effect on green algae, especially on Chlorella vulgaris. In this review, several aspects are reviewed: the Chlorella vulgaris culture monitoring and growth parameters, the effect of different nanoparticles on Chlorella vulgaris, the toxicity of photocatalyst nanoparticles, and the mechanism of photocatalyst during oxidative stress on the photosynthetic mechanism of Chlorella vulgaris. The Bold basal medium (BBM) is generally recognized as an excellent standard cultivation medium for Chlorella vulgaris in the known environmental conditions such as temperature in the range 20–30 °C and light intensity of around 150 μE·m2·s−1 under a 16/8 h light/dark cycle. The nanoparticles synthesis methods influence the particle size, morphology, density, surface area to generate growth inhibition and further algal deaths at the nanoparticle-dependent concentration. Moreover, the results revealed that nanoparticles caused a more potent inhibitory effect on microalgal growth and severely disrupted algal cells’ membranes.

Development of a Natural Gas Combustion System for High Specific Power

MTZ worldwide ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Bertold Hüchtebrock ◽  
José Geiger ◽  
Avnish Dhongde ◽  
Harsh Sankhla
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion
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