scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Analysis of Ferrite Grains Recrystallized in Low-Carbon Steel during Annealing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4154
Author(s):  
Kengo Horiuchi ◽  
Toshio Ogawa ◽  
Zhilei Wang ◽  
Yoshitaka Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Avrami Exponent ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
3D Morphology ◽  
Kinetics Of

We performed a three-dimensional (3D) analysis of ferrite grains recrystallized in low-carbon steel during annealing. Cold-rolled specimens were heated to 723 K and held for various periods. The 3D morphology of ferrite grains recrystallized during the annealing process was investigated. The progress of recovery in low-carbon steel was more inhibited than that in pure iron. However, ferrite recrystallization in low-carbon steel was more rapid than that in pure iron. The Avrami exponent was inconsistent with the 3D morphology of the recrystallized ferrite grains in pure iron but consistent with that of the grains in low-carbon steel. Thus, the Avrami exponent depends on the recovery and recrystallization behaviors. Furthermore, the recrystallized ferrite grain growth was virtually 2D. Three types of recrystallized ferrite grains were observed: recrystallized ferrite grains elongated along the transverse or rolling direction; plate-shaped recrystallized ferrite grains grown in the transverse and rolling directions; fine and equiaxed recrystallized ferrite grains. These results suggest that the recrystallized ferrite grains did not grow in the normal direction. Thus, we concluded that the 3D morphology of recrystallized ferrite grains depends on the kinetics of recrystallization and the initial microstructure before recrystallization.

Kinetics of microdamage accumulation in low-carbon steel in the initial state and after ECAP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. O. Sinev ◽  
E. N. Beletsky ◽  
M. R. Tyutin ◽  
L. R. Botvina ◽  
O. V. Rybalchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Microdamage Accumulation ◽  
Kinetics Of

The Effect of Severe Plastic Deformation on the Brittle-Ductile Transition in Low Carbon Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 471-480
Author(s):  
Masaki Tanaka ◽  
Kenji Higashida ◽  
Tomotsugu Shimokawa
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Dislocation Dynamics ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Dislocation Source ◽  
Brittle Ductile Transition

Brittle-ductile transition (BDT) behaviour was investigated in low carbon steel deformed by an accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process. The temperature dependence of its fracture toughness was measured by conducting four-point bending tests at various temperatures and strain rates. The fracture toughness increased while the BDT temperature decreased in the specimens deformed by the ARB process. Arrhenius plots between the BDT temperatures and the strain rates indicated that the activation energy for the controlling process of the BDT was not changed by the deformation with the ARB process. It was deduced that the decrease in the BDT temperature by grain refining was not due to the increase in the dislocation mobility controlled by short-range barriers. Quasi-three-dimensional simulations of dislocation dynamics, taking into account of crack tip shielding due to dislocations, were performed to investigate the effect of a dislocation source spacing along a crack front on the BDT. The simulation indicated that the BDT temperature is decreased with decreasing in the dislocation source spacing. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that moving dislocations were impinged against grain boundaries and were reemitted from there with increasing strain. It indicates that grain boundaries can be new sources in ultra-fine grained materials, which increases toughness at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Microstructural evolution, recovery and recrystallization kinetics of isothermally annealed ultra low carbon steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 016554
Author(s):  
Siuli Dutta ◽  
Ashis K Panda ◽  
Amitava Mitra ◽  
Subrata Chatterjee ◽  
Rajat K Roy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Recrystallization Kinetics ◽  
Ultra Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Kinetics Of

Morphology of Oxide Scale and Oxidation Kinetics of Low Carbon Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-ming Cao ◽  
Xiao-jiang Liu ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Zhen-yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Kinetics ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Cyclic Deformation Behavior and Fatigue Crack Propagation of Low Carbon Steel Prestrained in Tension

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
J. G. Wang ◽  
W. P. Jia ◽  
D. Y. Ju
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Cyclic Softening ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deformation Degree

The tests were performed on low carbon steel plate. In the tension fatigue tests, two angle values (ϕ=0°andϕ=45°,ϕis the angle between the loading and the rolling direction) have been chosen. The influence of strain path change on the subsequent initial work softening rate and the saturation stress has been investigated. Dislocation microstructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the strain amount of preloading in tension has obviously affected the cyclic softening phenomenon and the initial cyclic softening rate. It was observed that the reloading axial stress forϕ=45°case increased more than that ofϕ=0°case, due to the anisotropism of Q235. In the fatigue crack propagation tests, the experimental results show that with increasing the pretension deformation degree, the fatigue crack growth rate increases, especially at the near threshold section.

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