scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Atlantic Cod (Gadusmorhua) Collagen Hydrolyzed Using Enzyme Preparation Derived from Red King Crab (Paralithodes Camtschaticus) and Its Potential as a Core Component of Bacterial Culture Medium

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Yu. Novikov ◽  
Nadezhda V. Shumskaya ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Mukhin ◽  
Konstantin V. Zolotarev ◽  
Anton N. Mikhailov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Red King Crab ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Medium Components ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

The Atlantic cod (Gadusmorhua) and red king crab (Paralithodescamtschaticus) processing wastes are massive and unutilized in the Murmansk region of Russia. The samples of skin-containing waste of Atlantic cod fillets production were hydrolyzed using enzyme preparations derived from red king crab hepatopancreases, porcine pancreases, and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The activity of enzymes from crab hepatopancreases was significantly higher than the activity of enzymes derived from other sources. The optimal conditions of the hydrolysis process have been figured out. The samples of cod processing waste hydrolysate were analyzed for amino acid composition and molecular weight distribution. The samples of hydrolysate were used as core components for bacterial culture medium samples. The efficiency of the medium samples was tested for Escherichia coli growth rate; the most efficient sample had an efficiency of 95.3% of that of a commercially available medium based on fish meal. Substitution of medium components with those derived from industrial by-products is one of the ways to decrease a cost of a culture medium in biopharmaceutical drug production.

scholarly journals Chemical Characterization of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Collagen Hydrolyzed Using Enzyme Preparation Derived from Red King Crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) and Its Potential as a Core Component of Bacterial Culture Medium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Yu. Novikov ◽  
Nadezhda V. Shumskaya ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Mukhin ◽  
Konstantin V. Zolotarev ◽  
Anton N. Mikhailov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Red King Crab ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschaticus ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

The Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) processing wastes are massive and unutilized in the Murmansk region of Russia. The samples of skin-containing waste of Atlantic cod fillets production were hydrolyzed using enzyme preparations derived from red king crab hepatopancreases, porcine pancreases and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. The activity of enzymes from crab hepatopancreases was significantly higher than the activity of enzymes derived from other sources. The optimal conditions of the hydrolysis process have been figured out. The samples of cod processing waste hydrolysate were analyzed for amino acid composition and molecular weight distribution. The samples of hydrolysate were used as core components for bacterial culture medium samples. The efficiency of the medium samples was tested for Escherichia coli growth rate; the most efficient sample had efficiency 95.3% of that of a commercially available medium based on fish meal. Substitution of medium components with those derived from industrial by-products is one of the ways to decrease a cost of a culture medium in biopharmaceutical drug production.

Structural aspects of osmoregulation in porphyra

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
C. Wiencke ◽  
A. Lauchli
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Osmotic Adaptation ◽  
Osmotic Balance ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Osmotic Agents ◽  
Vacuolar System ◽  
Structural Aspects

Osmoregulatory mechanisms in algae were investigated mainly from a physiological point of view (KAUSS 1977, HELLEBUST 1976). In Porphyra two osmotic agents, i. e. floridoside/isofloridoside (KAUSS 1968) and certain ions, such as K+ and Na+(EPPLEY et al. 1960) are considered for osmotic balance. Accumulations of ions (particularly Na+) in the cytoplasm during osmotic adaptation is improbable, because the activity of enzymes is generally inhibited by high ionic concentrations (FLOWERS et al. 1977).The cellular organization of Porphyra was studied with special emphasis on the development of the vacuolar system under different hyperosmotic conditions. Porphyra was cultivated at various strengths of the culture medium ASP 12 (PROVASOLI 1961) ranging from normal to 6 times concentrated (6x) culture medium. Por electron microscopy freeze fracturing was used (specimens fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and incubated in 30% glycerol, preparation in a BALZERS BA 360 M apparatus), because chemical fixation gave poor results.

Selecting species specific vitality metrics to predict red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) discard survival

2021 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 105964
Author(s):  
Cory Lescher ◽  
Noëlle Yochum ◽  
Brad Harris ◽  
Nathan Wolf ◽  
John Gauvin
Keyword(s):  
Red King Crab ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschaticus ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals Low allozyme heterozygosity in North Pacific and Bering Sea populations of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus): adaptive specialization, population bottleneck, or metapopulation structure?

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stewart Grant ◽  
Susan E. Merkouris ◽  
Gordon H. Kruse ◽  
Lisa W. Seeb
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Population Bottleneck ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Red King Crab ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschaticus ◽  
Allozyme Diversity ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Metapopulation Structure ◽  
Adaptive Specialization

AbstractGrant, W. S., Merkouris, S. E., Kruse, G. H., and Seeb, L. W. 2011. Low allozyme heterozygosity in North Pacific and Bering Sea populations of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus): adaptive specialization, population bottleneck, or metapopulation structure? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: . Populations of red king crab in the North Pacific and Bering Sea have declined in response to ocean-climate shifts and to harvesting. An understanding of how populations are geographically structured is important to the management of these depressed resources. Here, the Mendelian variability at 38 enzyme-encoding loci was surveyed in 27 samples (n = 2427) from 18 general locations. Sample heterozygosities were low, averaging HE = 0.015 among samples. Weak genetic structure was detected among three groups of populations, the Bering Sea, central Gulf of Alaska, and Southeast Alaska, but without significant isolation by distance among populations. A sample from Adak Island in the western Aleutians was genetically different from the remaining samples. The lack of differentiation among populations within regions may, in part, be due to post-glacial expansions and a lack of migration-drift equilibrium and to limited statistical power imposed by low levels of polymorphism. Departures from neutrality may reflect the effects of both selective and historical factors. The low allozyme diversity in red king crab may, in part, be attributable to adaptive specialization, background selection, ice-age population bottlenecks, or metapopulation dynamics in a climatically unstable North Pacific.

scholarly journals Viability of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Prolonged by Addition of Citrus Juice to Culture Medium

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Parker ◽  
Sarah R. Wisotsky ◽  
Evan G. Johnson ◽  
Faraj M. Hijaz ◽  
Nabil Killiny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grapefruit Juice ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Citrus Greening Disease ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
The Media ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus

Huanglongbing, or citrus greening disease, is associated with infection by the phloem-limited bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’. Infection with ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ is incurable; therefore, knowledge regarding ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ biology and pathogenesis is essential to develop a treatment. However, ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ cannot currently be successfully cultured, limiting its study. To gain insight into the conditions conducive for growth of ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ in vitro, ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ inoculum obtained from seed of fruit from infected pomelo trees (Citrus maxima ‘Mato Buntan’) was added to different media, and cell viability was monitored for up to 2 months using quantitative polymerase chain reaction in conjunction with ethidium monoazide. Media tested included one-third King's B (K), K with 50% juice from the infected fruit, K with 50% commercially available grapefruit juice, and 100% commercially available grapefruit juice. Results show that juice-containing media dramatically prolong viability compared with K in experiments reproduced during 2 years using different juice sources. Furthermore, biofilm formed at the air–liquid interface of juice cultures contained ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ cells, though next-generation sequencing indicated that other bacterial genera were predominant. Chemical characterization of the media was conducted to discuss possible factors sustaining ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ viability in vitro, which will contribute to future development of a culture medium for ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’.

scholarly journals Fishery-induced changes in Norwegian red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) reproductive potential

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Merete Hjelset
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Red King Crab ◽  
Paralithodes Camtschaticus ◽  
King Crab ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Individual Fecundity

Abstract Hjelset, A. M. 2014. Fishery-induced changes in Norwegian red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) reproductive potential. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 71: 365–373. The introduced red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) in the Barents Sea supports a valuable fishery in northern Norway. In this paper, I examine the effect of the increased harvest rate and the recently added female quota on the potential egg production of the stock. The size ranges of males and females in the period 1995–2011 were recorded, and estimated stock abundance of ovigerous females and established individual fecundity parameters from 2000–2007 were used to assess the reproductive potential of the stock from 1995–2011. The upper size ranges of males and females decreased throughout the period studied, presumably mainly due to fishing. The change in size composition among ovigerous females and functional mature males, and the reduced mean individual fecundity in the stock seem to have had a negative effect on the potential egg production of the stock.

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